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1摘要乡镇地区公务员的管理和人才流失问题一直是困扰国内政府系统人才管理的重要问题。2016年，国内共录用公务员人才26.1万人，其中乡镇等基层地区所录用的比例达到68%以上，尽管每年基层政府单位都会录用大量公务员，但是较大比例的基层公务员流失问题仍给地方政府的正常运行造成严重困扰。造成人才流失的原因众多，一方面是乡镇地区待遇条件差，新录用的公务员中年轻人占绝大多数，这部分年轻群体很少愿意在乡镇地区安家立业；另一方面的原因是乡镇基层单位在管人、用人方面制度、体系、管理办法不到位，晋升体系不规范，出现选人用人的不合理、不规范，影响国家政务系统的正常运行。文章结合吕梁地区某乡镇选人用人方面的问题出发，结合公务员管理办法和人才管理、人力资源管理方面的理论，对于该地区在用人制度、体制和管理方面缺陷和问题进行研究，并采用问卷调查法、访谈法和文献研究法对造成该问题的原因进行调查和分析，汇总之后再按照上述理论进行针对性解决，解决基层公务员的管理问题对于保证国家政府系统的正常运行、各项政策的顺利实施具有重要意义，文章采用找出问题，分析问题和解决问题的思路对吕梁地区交口镇的公务员管理问题进行研究，旨在得出一般性结论，不仅解决该地区的人才管理问题有积极意义，对于全国其他地方的公务员管理问题都有积极意义。文章对于研究公务员流失问题的研究方法进行了形式上的创新，采用问卷调查法和访谈法对该地区的在职、离职和社会人士（公务员、专家和人力资源学教授）进行采访，最终得出解决该问题的具体办法。文章仍存在不足之处，首先仅限于对吕梁地区的乡镇地区进行研究，这些乡镇的管理模式、制度体系和选人用人办法与国内其他地方略有不同，对于经济和社会发展程度而言也不尽相同，因此就造成某些结论在该地区适用，但在国内其他地方就不太合理的情况。关键词：基层；公务员；人才流失；研究乡镇公务员人才流失问题研究——以xx镇为例2ABSTRACTThemanagementofcivilservantsinruralareasandtheproblemofbraindrainhavebeenanimportantproblemthatplaguedthemanagementoftalentinthedomesticgovernmentsystem.In2016,atotalof0.26millioncivilservantswererecruitedinChina,ofwhichmorethan68%wereemployedinthegrassrootsareassuchastownshipsandvillages,althoughalargenumberofcivilservantswererecruitedatthegrassrootsleveleveryyear,butalargeproportionofthelossofgrassrootscivilservantsremainedtothelocalgovernmentThenormaloperationofcausingseriousproblems,resultinginthelossofmanyproblems,ontheonehandthepoortreatmentconditionsinthetownship,thenewrecruitedcivilservantsinthevastmajorityofyoungpeople,thispartoftheyounggroupsarerarelywillingtosettleinthetownship;Thereasonisthatthetownshipgrassrootsunitsinthemanagement,employingthesystem,system,managementapproachisnotinplace,thepromotionsystemisnotstandardized,thereareirrationalselectionofpersonnel,notstandardized,affectingthenormaloperationofthenationalgovernmentsystem.Basedonthetheoryofcivilservantmanagementandtalentmanagementandhumanresourcemanagement,thispaperstudiesthedefectsandproblemsofemploymentsystem,systemandmanagementinthearea,andadoptsthequestionnairesurvey.Law,interviewmethodandliteratureresearchmethodtoinvestigatethecausesoftheproblemandanalysis,afterthesummaryandthenfollowtheabovetheorytosolvetheproblem,tosolvethemanagementofgrassrootscivilservantstoensurethenormaloperationofthenationalgovernmentsystem,thesmoothpolicyThepaperanalyzestheproblemsofcivilservantsinatownshipofLvliangareabyusingtheideaoffindingtheproblem,analyzingtheproblemandsolvingtheproblem.Itisdrawnfromthegeneralconclusionthatitnotonlyhasthepositivesignificancetosolvetheproblemoftalentmanagementinthearea,Fortherestofthecountry'scivilservicemanagementissueshaveapositivemeaning.Thearticleexplorestheresearchmethodsofstudyingtheproblemofcivilservants'loss,andusesthequestionnairesurveyandinterviewmethodtointerview3theworking,leavingandthecommunity(civilservants,expertsandprofessorsofhumanresources)intheregion,andfinallyThespecificapproachtotheproblem.Therearestillsomeshortcomingsinthearticle,firstofalllimitedtotheLvliangregionofthetownshipareaofthestudy,thetownshipmanagementmodel,institutionalsystemandtheselectionofpersonnelandotherplacesslightlydifferent,forthedegreeofeconomicandsocialdevelopmentisnotSothatsomeconclusionsintheregiontoapply,butinotherpartsofthecountryisnotreasonablesituation.Keywords：Grassroots;civilservants;braindrain;research乡镇公务员人才流失问题研究——以xx镇为例4目录学位论文原创性声明....................................................................................................1学位论文版权使用授权书.............................................................错误!未定义书签。摘要................................................................................................................................1ABSTRACT...................................................................................................................2........................................................................................................................................6第1章导论..................................................................................................................71.1研究背景和意义..............................................................................................71.1.1研究背景...............................................................................................71.1.2研究意义...............................................................................................81.2国内外研究现状..............................................................................................81.2.1国外研究现状.......................................................................................81.2.2国内研究现状.....................................................................................101.3研究方法........................................................................................................111.4研究内容和框架............................................................................................12第2章公务员相关理论的范畴................................................................................132.1基层公务员相关概念....................................................................................132.1.1公务