七年级下学期英语语法知识点

七年级下学期英语语法知识点一、动词时态名称特征词肯定句的动词一般现在sometimes,usually,oftenalways,every...,原形第三人称单数现在进行look,listen,now,It’s...(几点了).后的句子Don’tdosth.后的句子be+doing一般过去yesterday...,justnow,...ago,thismorning,WhenIwasyoung,过去式二、否定句、一般疑问句的结构句中有be、can,may,must,would的变法否定句只在其后＋not(some-any)一般疑问句将其放到句首...＋？句中没有be、can,may,must,would的变法动词否定句一般疑问句原形在主语后＋don’t句前＋Do＋？第三人称单数在主语后＋doesn’t＋动词原形句前＋Does＋动词原形＋？过去式在主语后＋didn’t＋动词原形句前＋Did＋动词原形＋？回答:Canyou...?Yes,Ican.No,Ican’t.Ishe...?Yes,heis.No,heisn’t.Doyou...?Yes,Ido.No,Idon’t.Doesshe...?Yesshedoes.No,shedoesn’t.Didthey...?Yes,theydid.No,theydidn’t.Wouldyou...?Yes,Iwould.No.Iwouldn’t.Werethey...?Yes,theywere.No,theyweren’t.Shouldyou...?Yes,Ishould.No,Ishouldn’t.三、句子（一）9类句子1.简单句Thisisanorangebike.2.并列句HeknowsmeandIknowhim.3.复合句WhenIwas5,Icouldswim.4.选择问句Didyoulivehereorthere?5.特殊疑问句Whatdidtheylearnjustnow?6.感叹句Whataheavyrainitis!7.一般疑问句DoesTomspeakFrench?8.否定句Idon’tunderstandit.9.祈使句Stand（Don’t）up.（二）祈使句祈使句：无人称、动词开头，带命令色彩的句子。肯定：Openthewindow,please.Lookathere.Pleasereadafterme.否定：Don’topenthewindow.Don’tlookathere.Don’treadafterme.四、句型(及交际用语)1.某人用多长时间做某事：Ittakes/tooksb.+time+todosth.2.提问时间：What’sthetime?Whattimeisit?Whattimeisitbyyourwatch?3.提问日期：What’sthedatetoday?Whatwasthedateyesterday?4.提问星期几：Whatdayistoday?Whatdaywasyesterday?5.提问某人的生日：Whenisone’sbirthday?6.提问天气：Whatistheweatherliketoday?(Howistheweathertoday?)Whatwastheweatheryesterday?(Howwastheweatheryesterday?7.提问温度：What’stoday’stemperature?Howaboutthetemperature?8.提问人的相貌：Whatdoes...looklike?9.提问人的性格：Whatis...like?10.询问对方情况：What’swrongwith...sb.?What’sthematterwith...sb.?11.到该做什么事的时候了。It’stimetodosth.It’stimeforsth.12.提建议用语：Whynotdosth.?Whydon’tyoudosth.?Whataboutsth./doingsth.?It’sbesttodosth.You’dbetterdosth.13.谈论健康问题：1)用英文叙述自己的病症haveafeverhaveacoldhaveapainherehaveaheadachehaveasorethroughhaveastomachache...2)就此病症提出合理建议Take/Havesome/thesemedicinethreetimesaday.Drinkmorewaterandstayinbedforafewdays.It’snothingserious.You’llbe/get/becomeOK/wellsoon/inoneortwodays.Don’tbesotired.五、词类1.动词2.系动词3.代词4.不定代词5.连词6.形容词、副词7.数词8.频率副词9.介词10.疑问词（一）动词1.(谓语)HewatchesTVeveryday.HeiswatchingTVnow.HewatchedTVamomentago.2.动词(非谓语)HeenjoyswatchingTV.Jimmakesmelaugh.Iwantedtoseeitagain.（二）系动词(+形容词的动词)lookturnsoundbecometastebefeelsmellget1.Jim’sideasoundsnice.2.Katelookstaller.3.Ifeelnervousnow.4.Beijingbecomesbigger.5.Thedaysgetlong.6.Thecaketastesdelicious.（三）代词人称代词主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyoutheir物主代词形容词性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs（四）不定代词1.other/others,theother/theothers,Another/One...,theother.../anyother2.one,ones,one’s3.somethingsomebody/someoneanythinganybody/anyoneeverythingeverybody/everyonenothingnobody/noone（五）连词1.and2.but3.or4.so5.though6.because7.when8.before9.after10.as11.if练习：用and,when,because,but,or,so,thoughbefore,after,if,填空1.JimoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish_____IoftenhelphimwithhisChinese.2.___thequestionisverydifficult,fewofuscananswerit.3.Mr.Blackisover70yearsold,____hestillworks8hoursaday.4.Everyonemustbehere_________6:00tomorrow.5.__________itisrainingheavily,thefarmersarestillworkinginthefield.6.Icanhelpyou___Ihavetime.7.______gettingup,Ialwayslistentotheradioforawhile.8.Wemustbequick,___wecan’tfollowthem.9.Tocatchtheearlybus,___Igotupveryearlythismorning.10.______theteachercamein,Iwasthinkingaboutthegame.11.__youknowhim,whynotgoandmeetJiminsteadofme,Kate?答案：AndbecausebutbeforeThoughifAfterorsoWhenIf（六）形容词、副词1.形容词与副词的转换（1）在词尾处+ly;quick—quickly（2）y结尾时,去y+ily;easy—easily（3）有的e结尾的单词,需去y+ly，有的则直接+ly。terrible-terriblytrue-trulybrave-bravelycareful-carefully2.形容词、副词的使用形容词:修饰名词Theyarecleverboys.Ipreferlonghair.副词:修饰动词、形容词Itreallysoundsnice.Theyworkveryhard.（七）数词1.基数词变序数词2.用来表达年、月、日3.用来表达时、分4.百,千,万,的表达5.几分之几（八）频率副词alwaysusuallyoftensometimesseldomnever用Howoften对它们进行提问。他们体现了动词出现的频率程度。•Ialwayshavemilkforbreakfast.•Iusuallyhaveeggsforbreakfast.•Ioftenhavenoodlesforit.•Isometimeshavefruitsforit.•Iseldomhavericeforit.•Ineverhavemeatinthemorning.（九）介词1.与时间相关的介词（1）on具体日子、节日、生日、星期几前（2）in某年、某月前（3）at某分，某时前（4）for时间段前（5）当“早上、下午、晚上”被修饰时不用in，而用on.2.表示方位的介词：某物／处在某处的东南西北。north北；east东；south南；west西northeast东北；southeast东南；southwest西南；northwest西北in,to,on的区别某处在某处之外to某处在某处之内in某处与某处相接壤on3.with的多种用法dosth.withsb./sth.agirlwithlonghairaroomwithtwodoorsacitywithlargepopulationbebusywithsth.bepopularwith...bewithastyleof...talkwithsb.helpsb.withsth.anactionmoviewithJackieChanWhat’swrong/thematterwith...?（十）疑问词提问几点钟Whattimeisit?What’sthetime?价格howmuch地点where数量howmany...howmuch...程度、方式how动词宾语what...do...what主语who,whom...性格What’s...like?时间when长相Whatdoes/do...looklike?频率howoften天气What’s...like?How’s...?六、常用短语1.wakeup2.wake...sb.up3.tell...about4.talkto/withsb.5.invite...to...6.playwith7.thinkabout...thinkoutthinkof...8.falloff9.comeout10.getalongwith...11.turnon/off12.puton13.takeoff14.bealwaysdoing...15.add...to16.knowabout17.learnabout18.startwith19.giveof20.becalled/named21.stopoff22.onthetelephone23.ontheInternet24.onweekend25.ontheearthonthemoon26.inmanyways27.infact28.insummer29.inthesun30.inone’sthirties31.inspace32.in199