污泥比阻 设计实验报告

环境工程专业学生设计性实验报告实验课程名称混凝剂（硫酸铝）与污泥反应时间的不同对污泥比阻的影响＿指导教师＿董春欣＿＿姓名＿＿＿＿孙镜伟＿学号＿＿12310113＿＿＿专业＿＿＿环境工程＿＿班级＿环工1201＿＿＿＿1摘要:根据长期实验教学中所取得的经验,对污泥比阻实验中几个参数的确定和经常碰到的一些问题,提出了自己的看法和解决的办法,为比阻实验的可操作性提供了帮助。混凝剂种类繁多，如何根据水处理厂工艺条件、原水水质情况和处理后水质目标选用合适的混凝药剂，是十分重要的污泥比阻作为反映污泥脱水性能的主要参数,是水厂生产废水调质及脱水工艺的重要控制指标.指出了常规污泥比阻抽滤测定方法中存在的测定指标多、操作复杂、测定历时长等问题.针对自来水厂生产废水的水质特点,根据污泥比阻的测定理论。关键词:混凝剂；污泥比阻;过滤;脱水性能等Abstract:Thedeterminationofseveralparametersinthesludgeandproblemsusuallyoccurredintheexperimentwerediscussedandroperationonlaboratorymeasure2mentofsludgespecificresistance.withtheenlargementofourcountryresently,Urbansewageisanenormousquantityoflowconcentrationorganicwastewater.Inthispaper,theurbansewagetreatmenttechnologyandmainstructuredesigninanall-roundway.Includingthegrille,collectingwell,sewagepumproom,sedimentationtank,adjustingpool,aerationtank,andtheconcentratedtank,etc.Keywords:concentrationorganicwastewater.Inthispaper,theurbansewagetreatmenttechnologyandmain2一、实验方案实验名称：混凝剂（硫酸铝）与污泥反应时间的不同对污泥比阻的影响实验时间：小组合作：是√否小组成员：一、实验目的：（1）通过实验掌握污泥比阻的测定方法。（2）掌握用布氏漏斗实验选择混凝剂。（3）掌握确定污泥的最佳泥凝剂投加量。（4）测定混凝剂(硫酸铝)反应时间对污泥比阻的影响。二、实验设备与材料：（1）实验设备：(1)实验装置如图2。图2比阻实验装置图1–真空泵；2–吸滤瓶；3–真空调节阀；4–真空表；5–布式漏斗；6–吸滤垫；7–计量管(2)秒表；滤纸。(3)烘箱。(4)A12(SO4)3。(5)布氏漏斗。(6)100ml量筒（2）实验材料：A12(SO4)3(10g/L)3三、实验方法步骤及注意事项（1）实验方法步骤：1.测定污泥的含水率，求出其固定浓度C0。2.配制A12(SO4)3(10g/L)混凝剂。3.用A12(SO4)3混凝剂调节污泥(每组加一种混凝剂)，加量为干污泥质量的6％。放置5分钟后进行抽滤。，用水润湿，贴紧周底。5.开动真空泵，调节真空压力，大约比实验压力小1/3[实验时真空压力采用266mmHg(35．46kPa)或532mmHg(704.在布氏漏斗上(直径65～80mm)放置滤纸．93kPa)]关掉真空泵。6.加入l00mL需实验的污泥于布氏漏斗中，开动真空泵，调节真空压力至实验压力；达到此压力后，开始起动秒表，并记下开动时计量管内的滤液V0。7.分别记下0s、10s、20s、30s、60s、90s、120s.....计量管内相应的滤液量。8.一直过滤至真空破坏，如真空长时间不破坏，则过滤20min后即可停止。9.关闭阀门取下滤饼放人称量瓶内称量。10.称量后的滤饼干105℃的烘箱内烘干称量。11.计算出滤饼的含水率，求出单位体积滤液的固体量C0。12.将A12(SO4)3混凝剂与污水混合，分别放置10分钟、15分钟、20分钟、25分钟，再分别进行上5-11的实验步骤。（2）注意事项：1.检查计量管与布氏漏斗之间是否漏气。2.滤纸烘干后称量，放到布氏漏斗内，要先用蒸馏水湿润，而后再用真空泵抽吸一下，滤纸要贴紧不能漏气。3.污泥倒入布氏漏斗内时，有部分滤液流入计量筒，所以正常开始实验后记录量筒内滤液体积。4.污泥中加混凝剂后应充分混合。5.在整个过滤过程中，真空度确定后始终保持一致。4四、实验数据处理方法：（1）测定并记录实验基本参数，记录格式如下。实验日期；原污泥的含水率及固体浓度C0。实验真空度/mmHg；不加混凝剂的滤饼的含水率加混凝剂滤饼的含水率（2）将布氏漏斗实验所得数据按表1记录并计算。（3）以t/V为纵坐标，以V为横坐标作图，求ｂ。（4）根据原污泥的含水率及滤饼的含水率求出C0（5）列表计算比阻值а（见表2比阻计算表）（6）以比阻为纵坐标，反应时间为横坐标，作图求出最佳投加量C的求法。根据所设定义滤液）滤饼干重/mL()(0gQCQQCydy5、参考文献：《污泥脱水性能参数——比阻检测的若干问题研讨》《污泥比阻实验中几个问题的探讨》《改善城市污水厂污泥脱水性能的试验研究》《不同混凝剂对污泥脱水性能的影响研究》《硫酸铝作为混凝剂时絮体破碎与再絮凝的研究》5二、实验报告1、实验现象、数据及结果混凝时间为5分钟tVV-V0t/V-V0025.000.00030.001068.3343.330.23076923182.002090.8365.830.303797468109.0030101.6776.670.391304348122.0060109.1784.170.712871287131.0090110.0085.001.058823529132.00120110.8385.831.398058252133.00180111.6786.672.076923077134.00240111.6786.672.769230769134.00300111.6786.673.461538462134.00360111.6786.674.153846154134.00420111.6786.674.846153846134.00480111.6786.675.538461538134.00540111.6786.676.230769231134.00600111.6786.676.923076923134.00660111.6786.677.615384615134.00720111.6786.678.307692308134.00780111.6786.679134.00840111.6786.679.692307692134.00900111.6786.6710.38461538134.00960111.6786.6711.07692308134.001020111.6786.6711.76923077134.001080111.6786.6712.46153846134.001140111.6786.6713.15384615134.001200111.6786.6713.84615385134.006混凝时间为10分钟tVV-V0t/V-V0013.330.00016.001036.6723.340.42851021344.002060.0046.670.42854081972.003076.6763.340.47365928192.0060106.6793.340.642834184128.0090110.0096.670.931002379132.00120110.0096.671.241336506132.00180110.8397.501.846090732133.00240111.6798.342.440595234134.00300111.6798.343.050744043134.00360111.6798.343.660892851134.00420111.6798.344.27104166134.00480111.6798.344.881190468134.00540111.6798.345.491339277134.00600111.6798.346.101488085134.00660111.6798.346.711636894134.00720111.6798.347.321785702134.00780111.6798.347.931934511134.00840111.6798.348.542083319134.00900111.6798.349.152232128134.00960111.6798.349.762380936134.001020111.6798.3410.37252974134.001080111.6798.3410.98267855134.001140111.6798.3411.59282736134.001200111.6798.3412.20297617134.007混凝时间为15分钟tVV-V0t/V-V008.330.00010.001016.678.341.19952019220.002041.6733.340.59994000650.003058.3350.000.59996000370.006093.3385.000.705854672112.0090107.5099.170.90753252129.00120108.33100.001.199960001130.00180110.00101.671.770433756132.00240110.83102.502.341387272133.00300111.67103.342.903132157134.00360111.67103.343.483758588134.00420111.67103.344.06438502134.00480111.67103.344.645011451134.00540111.67103.345.225637883134.00600111.67103.345.806264314134.00660111.67103.346.386890745134.00720111.67103.346.967517177134.00780111.67103.347.548143608134.00840111.67103.348.12877004134.00900111.67103.348.709396471134.00960111.67103.349.290022902134.001020111.67103.349.870649334134.001080111.67103.3410.45127577134.001140111.67103.3411.0319022134.001200111.67103.3411.61252863134.008混凝时间为20分钟tVV-V0t/V-V006.670.0008.001051.6745.000.22223868462.002075.0068.330.29269720590.003090.0083.330.360014401108.0060108.33101.660.590183285130.0090110.00103.330.870995839132.00120110.83104.161.152036865133.00180111.67105.001.714340138134.00240111.67105.002.28578685134.00300111.67105.002.857233563134.00360111.67105.003.428680276134.00420111.67105.004.000126988134.00480111.67105