Lesson15★Wordsandexpressions:☆amusingadj.好笑的,有趣的☆experiencen.经历,经验☆wavev.招手☆liftn.搭便车☆replyv.回答☆languagen.语言☆journeyn.旅行Revision:Lesson14DoyouspeakEnglish?Revision:Lesson14DoyouspeakEnglish?★Keystructure:•过去完成时:时间状语从句中,如果两个动作都发生在过去,同时发生,要用过去进行时态;如果一先一后发生,先发生的动作用过去完成时(强调“过去的过去”),后发生的动作用一般过去时。★Specialdifficulties:•ask&askfor•except&exceptfor&besides&apartfrom•eitherof&neitherof&bothof&allof•A.1.IdroveontothenexttownafterIhadleftasmallvillage.•2.Isaidgoodmorningtohimassoonashehadgotintothecar.•3.Ihadnearlyreachedthetown,whentheyoungmansaid:'DoyouspeakEnglish?'•C.1.Aftershehadwrittentheletter,shewenttothepostofiice.•2.Afterhehadhaddinner,hewenttothecinema.•3.WhenIhadfastenedmyseatbelt,theplanetookoff.•4.Wedidnotdisturbhimuntilhehadfinishedwork.•5.Assoonashehadlefttheroom,Iturnedontheradio.•6.Hehadbeenveryillbeforehedied.•D.1.regretted2.hadbegun/began3.arrived练习题答案难点练习题答案I.Exceptfor2.bothof3.Apartfrom4.asked,askfor5.neitherof,asked多项选择题答案1.(b)根据课文第3行1stoppedandheaskedmeforalift,只有(b)hewantedafreerideinthecar最符合课文内容,而其他3个选择均与课文内容不符。2.(c)根据课文最后一句话,可以判断(c)theyeachthoughttheotherwasFrench是正确答案。(a)neitherofthemspokeFrench虽然符合课文内容,但作者并不知道搭车人也不讲法语;(b)neitherofthemspokeEnglish和(d)theyeachthoughttheotherwasEnglish都与课文内容不符。3.(a)本句是一般过去时形式的疑问句,需要选正确的动词形式。(b)drove不符合语法,因为已经有助动词did提问了,就不应该用过去式形式;(c)driven和(d)driving也不符合语法;只有(a)drive最符合语法规则。4.(c)只有(c)justafter可以替换前一句中的assoonas。而其他3个选择(a)before、(b)alongtimeafter、(d)amomentbefore均与assoonas意思不同。•5.(d)只有(d)said(说)最符合题义。(a)spoke(讲某种语言,同…说话,后面应有to)、(b)talked(谈话,谈论)与(c)told(讲述,告诉)这3个词的词义都不符合题义和习惯用法。•6.(b)本题(a)many(许多)和(c)plentyof(充足的)都不能用来修饰某种语言,因此不能选。(b)much(很多)和、d)alittle都可以用在某种语言前面,但alittle不能用在否定句中,不可以说Idon'tknowalittleFrench。只有(b)最合乎语法和题义。•7.(c)只有(c)bothdidn'tspeak语法正确,而其他3个选择都有语法错误.•8.(b)前一句中的短语ontheway是“在路上”的意思,只有(b)duringthewriter'sJourney(在作者旅途中)同这个短语意思最接近,而另外3个选择(a)beforethewriter'sjourney,(c)after,,journey和(d)alongtimeago都与它的意思不符。•9.(c)本句需要选出与前句中的wavedto(向……招手)意思相同的词。(a)saluted(向……致意/致敬)词义不够接近(b)greeted(问候,向…打招呼)词义也不够准确;(d)nodded(点头)表示同意或打招呼,词义相差更远;只有(c)signalled(用手势等动作向…示意)意思同wavedto相同,因此(c)是正确答案。•10.(b)本句是要进一步说明前一句的含义Heaskedforalift(他提出要搭车)。他的身份应该是什么?(a)tramp(徒步旅行者)意思不够准确,因为徒步旅行不应该搭车;(c)passenger(乘客,旅客)是坐火车、汽车、飞机的,也不应该搭车;(d)foreigner(外国人)更不符合题义;只有(b)hitchhicker(边走边搭车旅行的人)最能准确表达这句话的含义。•11.(b)需要找出前一句中replied(回答)的同义词。(a)responded(回答,答复)作及物动词时后面要用that引导的宾语从句,如要表示对人或某种建议作出答复,则要用to;(c)returned(同答,返回)词义不同于replied;(d)remarked(评论,议论,注意到)词义不符;只有(b)answered(回答)与replied意思相同,面且这两个词经常可以互相替换。•12.(b)只有选(b)almost这个句子的意思才通顺,而其他3个句子都讲不通,也不符合语法。句子结构答案IdonotknowanyFrenchatall.【Newwordsandexpressions】secretaryn.秘书Mr.Harmsworth哈姆斯沃斯先生nervousadj.精神紧张的lookup抬头看affordv.负担得起weakadj.弱的interruptv.插话,打断extraadj.额外的•①秘书:Sheisthesecretarytothemanager.她是经理的秘书。•②部长secretaryofthetreasury财务部长secretary-general秘书长,总书记词根:Secretn.秘密['si:krit](注意:发音与secretary的不同)★secretaryn.秘书•常见固定搭配:getnervous变得紧张benervousabout对...感到紧张Don'tbenervous!不要紧张e.g.:Ialwaysgetsonervousaboutgoingonstage.我上台就会变得很紧张;e.g.:Sheisanervouswoman.e.g.:Doyouseethatnervoussmileonherface?e.g.:Hehadneverspokeninpublic,sohewasverynervous.★nervousadj.精神紧张的同义词辨析•nervousadj.精神紧张的(事情发生时)•worriedadj.担心的(为以后的事情)•upsetadj.不安的(对以前的事情)•irritableadj.易怒的,急躁的e.g.Ourteacherisanirritableman.Hegetsangryeasily.①vt.买得起affordsth.e.g.Icanaffordthecoat.②vt.担负得起(损失、后果等),花得起(时间、金钱)1)affordmoney/timeIcanaffordthehoilday.(有时间去)Icanaffordfiveyuan.2)affordtodosth.Icanaffordtobuythebook.③vt.提供,给予Johnaffordedusaroomforthenight.★affordv.负担得起(涉及能力,常与can/could/beableto连用)•inaweakvoice用微弱的声音•aweakbuilding不结实的建筑•反义词:strong★weakadj.弱的,不结实的★interruptv.插话,打断•interruptionn.中断,打断•disturbv.打扰某人e.g.:Sorrytodisturbyou.•extratime加时赛extrawork额外工作e.g.:Ithinktheydidn’twantanyextrahelp.我想他们不需要额外帮助。e.g.:extrapayforextrawork额外工作的额外报酬★extraadj.额外的Revision:(L11出现)salary:n.工资,薪水turn:n.行为,举止;轮流的机会ListentothestoryandanswerquestionsSummarywritingText①ThesecretarytoldmethatMr.Harmsworthwouldseeme.②IfeltverynervouswhenIwentintohisoffice.③HedidnotlookupfromhisdeskwhenIentered.④AfterIhadsatdown,hesaidthatbusinesswasverybad.⑤Hetoldmethatthefirmcouldnotaffordtopaysuchlargesalaries.⑥Twentypeoplehadalreadyleft.⑦Iknewthatmyturnhadcome.⑧'Mr.Harmsworth,'Isaidinaweakvoice.⑨'Don'tinterrupt,'hesaid.⑩ThenhesmiledandtoldmeIwouldreceiveanextrathousandpoundsayear!ThesecretarytoldmethatMr.Harmsworthwouldseeme.║IfeltverynervouswhenIwentintohisoffice.║HedidnotlookupfromhisdeskwhenIentered.║AfterIhadsatdown,hesaidthatbusinesswasverybad.•秘书告诉我说哈姆斯沃斯先生要见我。我走进他的办公室,感到非常紧张。我进去的时候,他连头也没抬。待我坐下后,他说生意非常不景气。•lookup:朝上看•lookdown:朝下看•lookdownupon/onsb:瞧不起某人(词义太重)Hetoldmethatthefirmcouldnotaffordtopaysuchlargesalaries.•他告诉我,公司支付不起这么庞大的工资开支。•paysalaries:支付薪水collectsalary:领薪水salary&wage•如此:such&soA.such后面主要是修饰名词。即:such+a/an+adj.+n.或a/an+such+adj.+n.。如果名词是不可数名词或复数名词,则不可以用不定冠词a或an。B:so后面只能跟形容词或副词。so+adj.或adv.不过,so后面也可以跟名词,但该名词必须是单数可数名词。用法为:so+形容词+a或an+单数可数名词。1.Hehassuchabeautifulbike.Weallgotoseeit.2.It'sasuchfineday.Wealwanttogotoflyakite.3.Thetigerissobig.Andthecatissosmall.4.Sheissolovelyagirl.Twentypeoplehadalreadyleft.Iknewthatmyturnh