形容词和副词

AdjectivesandAdverbs形容词、副词形容词：1.作用2.构成与变化3.级1.作定语Jerryhasaninterestingbook.HeisafamousChineseboy.Youcanseesomethinginteresting.形容词的用法:形容词是用来描写或修饰名词或代词，说明人或事物的归属性质、状态、大小或数量的词。2.作表语Tonylookshandsome.系动词有：be,become,turn,get,seem,grow,smell,taste,sound,look,feel,stay,go,keep3.作补语Thegoodnewsmadehimhappy.Hefounditeasytotellfunnyjokes.注意1：Simonlooks______.A.happyB.happilySimonlooked_______atmebecauseIbrokehisglasses.A.angryB.angrilyhappyangrily中考链接：Asthetripwaspleasant,theydidn’tfeel__________(疲劳)atall.tiredThecakeMrsBlackmadelooks_______,butittastes_______.A.bad;goodB.bad;wellC.badly;goodD.badly;wellThefoodontheplatesmells________.Youcan’teatit.A.deliciousB.badlyC.wellD.bad形容词的构成:1.名词+y变为形容词n+y:rainy,sunnyfoggystormy,windy,snowy,frosty,cloudy,lucky,healthy,sleepy,noisy,guilty…2.名词+ly变为形容词n+ly:lovely,friendly,lonely,livelyweekly,daily…n+ful:careful,beautiful…n+less:careless,useless…n+ous:dangerous…3.名词+其它后缀变为形容词：•Heis_____(live),cleverandoutgoing.•Ourneighboursare_______(friend).•Theboyisvery_______(love).•It’s_____(like)thathewillcallagainthisevening.•Weshouldtakecareofthe______(old).livelyfriendlylovelylikelyelderly副词：1.作用2.构成与变化3.分类A副词的作用1.用来修饰2.说明时间,地点,程度,方式等,做状语.动词形容词全句副词副词做状语•Iboughtastorybookyesterday.(时间)•Iboughtitthere.(地点)•Ireadithappily.(方式)•It’sveryinteresting.(程度)•Manybirdslivethere__________(快乐地生活)allyearround,theycan_________(容易地抓)catchfishforfood.副词修饰动词happilyeasilyThesetrousersare_________(太紧),Iprefertowearjeans.副词修饰形容词tootightIcouldn’tjump_______________(够高)toreachthemapleleaves.副词修饰副词highenough______,it’sverydifficultforgiantpandastosurviveinthewild.副词修饰全句Sadly副词的构成1.形容词+ly构成副词e.g.differentbadclosefreeclearbrightdangerousslowcarefulcorrectneatnicedifferentlycloselyclearlydangerouslycarefullyneatlybadlyfreelybrightlyslowlycorrectlynicely2.如果形容词以-y结尾,变副词时要将y变为i,再加上-lye.g.angryhappyheavynoisyeasyluckybusyangrilyhappilyheavilynoisilyeasilyluckilybusily-yi+-lygentleterriblesimpleprobablepossiblegentlyterriblysimplyprobablypossibly3.以le结尾的形容词,变副词时要将e去掉,再加-y-le-e+y根据要求写出下列单词的正确形式：1.easy(副词)2.correct(副词)3.quiet(副词)4.polite(副词)5.noise(副词)6.heavy(副词)7.luck(副词)8.angry(副词)easilycorrectlyquietlypolitelynoisilyheavilyluckilyangrilyHeis_____(live),cleverandoutgoing.Ourneighboursare________(friend)andwearehappyhere.livelyfriendly注意:3.并非以-ly结尾的词都是副词adj.adj.注意:2.truetruly它的形容词变成副词时是去e再加-lyfarearlylatestraighthard注意4:.有些词的形容词与副词的形式一样.fasthighlong1.顺序副词Millieusuallygetsupat6pm..First,shebrushesherteeth.Then,shewashesherface.Next,shehasbreakfast.Afterwards,shetakesabus.Finally,shegetstoschoolandhaslessons.2.频率副词alwaysusuallyoftensometimesseldomneverfrequencyadverb频率副词--___________doyouplaycomputergames?--Never.Howoften对他们提问要用Howoften(多长时间一次)eg.Healwaysshareseverythingwithothers.Theyseldomdancebecausetheydon’tlikedancing.3.方式副词ShespeaksEnglish________.(fluent)Hedrivesvery________.(careful)fluentlycarefully我们用方式副词来说明某事件或情景发生的方式。Shedancesbeautifully.________doesshedance?How我们用方式副词来回答以how开头的特殊疑问句。4.语气副词：so,such,very,quite,rather,too,enough…Thebagissoheavy.Ican’tcarryit.=Itis____________bag.Ican’tcarryit.suchaheavy区别几组易混淆的副词、形容词★already常用于肯定句yet常用于否定句、疑问句*Thetrainhasalreadygone.*Theyhaven’tcomebackyet.★such修饰名词so修饰形容词、副词*Ihaveneverseensuchaninterestingfilm.*ThisboxissoheavythatIcan’tcarryit.★alone(单独、独自)作表语=byoneselflonely(孤独的)可作表语、定语*Helivedalone,buthedidn’tfeellonely.*It’salonelyvillage.★hard(努力地)hardly(几乎不)否定副词*Sheworksveryhard,andhehardlyhasarestonSundays.TheComparative&SuperlativeDegreesofAdjectives&Adverbs形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词1)一般情况加–er或–estfast–faster–fastesthigh–higher–highestclever–cleverer–cleverest2)以字母e结尾加–r或–stfine–finer–finestlate–later–latestnice–nicer–nicest3)重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音字母时双写加–er或–estfat–fatter–fattestbig–bigger–biggestthin–thinner–thinnest4)以辅音字母加y结尾变y为i加–er或–estearly–earlier–earliesteasy–easier–easiestlucky–luckier–luckiest不规则变化good/well–better–bestmany/much–more–mostlittle–less–leastfar–farther–farthest(far–further–furthest)bad/badly/ill–worse–worst形容词和副词比较级和最高级的用法1)表示两者（人或事物）的比较时用比较级，通常用连词than引导，表示“较······”或“更······一些”的意思*Thiscakeismoredeliciousthanthatone.*LiLeijumpedfartherthanJim(did).2)表示三者或三者以上（人或事物）的比较用最高级，最高级的前面一般要加定冠词the，后面可带of（in,among）短语来说明比较的范围*ShanghaiisthebiggestcityinChina.*Lucysings(the)bestofall.*Heisthemostcarefulamongus.3)在表示“和······一样······”和“不及······”这类概念时，可以用“as+原级+as”和“notas（so）+原级+as”的句型*Ourteacherisasbusyasbefore.*Hedoesnotrunso(as)fastasI.4)几种比较级的使用句型1.“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越······”*YourEnglishisgettingbetterandbetter.你的英语越来越好了。*ThesedaysmoreandmorepeoplearelearningEnglish.现在学英语的人越来越多了。2.“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越······就越······”*Themore,thebetter.越多越好。*Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.他越忙越高兴。注意1:可用much,still,alittle,even,far,alot等来修饰比较级*SheismuchtallerthanMrs.Liu.*Thisproblemisalittlemoredifficultthantheotherone.注意2:形容词最高级前一定要用the，副词最高级前可省略注意3:在比较级中为了避免重复，在the后常用one，that，those等词来替代前面提到过的名词*Thispenisshorterthanthatone.*TheweatherhereiswarmerthanthatofShanghai.注意4:注意同类事物进行比较：e.g.Sheisslimmerthanme.Herhairislongerthanmine.注意5:掌握几种同义句转换1.Heistallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass.