护理专业英语

1NursingEnglishAnnieWong王一婷Email:[e-mail]:7D3062Requirements•Preview•Practice•Performance•Rapture•Review•RepeatReference•《护理英语》人民卫生出版社宋军主编•《护患情景会话100例》东南大学出版社李惠玲主编•《医学英语单词触类旁通》科学技术文献出版社周铁成编著•《医学英语听与说》高等教育出版社王丽娟主编•《医学英语教学短文阅读》上海外语出版社梁正溜主编•ParkinsonJ,BrookerC.(2004).EverydayEnglishforInternationalNurses.1sted.ChurchillLivinstone.4Unit1IntroductiontoMedicalTerms5Learningobjectives*掌握：医学英语复数形式；医学英语单词的构成法*熟悉：医学英语单词的发音基本规律*了解：医学英语的来源；医学英语的同义现象OriginofMedicalTermsNativeWordsOldEnglishBorrowedWordsGreekLatinFrenchGermanItalianSpanish……医学英语单词发音基本规则•开音节、重读开音节：读字母音–Aratedateba●sin–Ere●nalpe●nis–Ibitegly●ce●mia–Onosedi●ag●no●sis–Unudestu●dent医学英语单词发音基本规则•重读闭音节、闭音节：读强弱音、弱音–Aratglandtho●′rac●ic–Ebet′ret●i●na–Ibit′bis●cuit–Onod′tox●ic–Unull′stub●born医学英语单词发音基本规则•重读音节确定1、大部分重音在倒数第二音节Ba′cil●lus（杆菌）Appendi′ci●tis（阑尾炎）ade′no●ma（腺瘤）Splenocera′to●sis（脾硬化）Transu′re●thral（经尿道的）strepto′co●cus（链球菌）医学英语单词发音基本规则•重读音节确定1、大部分重音在倒数第二音节※两个元音一起算一个音节A′ne●mia（贫血）Macro′so●mia（巨体）Choleli′thia●sis（胆石病）医学英语单词发音基本规则•重读音节确定1、大部分重音在倒数第二音节2、重音在倒数第一音节-rrheadiarrhea(loosebowels)腹泻menorrhea(period)月经amenorrhea闭经rhinorrhea鼻溢医学英语单词发音基本规则•重读音节确定1、大部分重音在倒数第二音节2、重音在倒数第一音节3、以下词尾的重音在倒数第三音节1）-y2）-oid3）-meter4）部分-al结尾的词5）部分-ate结尾的词医学英语单词发音基本规则•-y：学科、方法、性质–Physi′ology（生理学）–Im′munity（免疫）–Disa′bility（残疾）–Ma′ternity（母性、怀孕）–Gas′trectomy（胃切除）–Lapa′roscopy（腹腔镜）–Bron′chography（支气管造影）医学英语单词发音基本规则•-oid像、类、似、状–Al′buminoid（白蛋白样的，类蛋白）–Ca′rotinoid（类胡萝卜素）–′Rheumatoid（类风湿的）医学英语单词发音基本规则•-meter计–Ther′mometer（体温计）–Spi′rometer（肺活量计）–Sphyg′mometer（脉搏计）医学英语单词发音基本规则•部分-al结尾的词–′cerebral（大脑的）–Pro′fessional（专业的）–E′sophageal（食道的）–′Laryngeal（喉的）–′Pharyngeal（咽的）医学英语单词发音基本规则•部分-ate结尾的词–Per′manganate（高锰酸盐）–Re′ticulate（成网状）–′Aggregate（聚集）–′Aggravate（加重）医学英语单词发音基本规则•重读音节确定1、大部分重音在倒数第二音节2、重音在倒数第一音节-rrhea3、以下词尾的重音在倒数第三音节1）-y2）-oid3）-meter4）部分-al结尾的词5）部分-ate结尾的词19Formationofplurals•Wordsendingina,retaintheaandaddeWordanalysisSingularPluralVertebraVertebraePleurapleurae20Formationofplurals•Wordsendinginum,droptheumandaddaWordanalysisSingularPluralBacteriumbacteriaOvumova21Formationofplurals•Wordsendinginus,droptheusandaddiWordanalysisSingularPluralBronchusbronchiBacillusbacilli22Formationofplurals•Wordsendinginexorix,droptheexorix,andaddicesSingularPluralApexApicesCortexCorticesVarixVaricesWordanalysis23Formationofplurals•Wordsendinginis,droptheisandaddesWordanalysisSingularPluralDiagnosisDiagnosesPsychosisPsychoses24Formationofplurals•Wordsendinginon,droptheonandaddaWordanalysisSingularPluralGangliongangliaPhenomenonPhenomenaSynonymousphenomenonofmedicaltermsReferentLatinOriginGreekOriginbodyCorpusCorpuscleSomaSomatocytefatAdip-AdipoidLipo-LipodystrophyjointArtic-ArticulationArthro-ArthroceleRedRub-RubeosisErythro-ErythrocatalysisSkinCutis-SubcutaneousDerma-EpidermisTongueLingua-LingualGlossa-Glossal26Word-formationinMedicalTerminology医学英语构词法•Affixation词缀法•Composition合成法•Conversion转类法•Blending拼缀法•Backformation逆成法•Clipping截短法•Acronyms首字母缩略法27Affixation•Prefixation–Autograftisograftallograftxenograft•Suffixation–Immuneimmunityimmunizeimmunization•Combiningvowel–OIARETROGASTRICRetr-o-gastr-ic(prefix-vowel-root-sufix)28Composition•Compoundword合成词–Opencompound•Heartfailure/bonegrowth/sleepingsickness……–Hyphenatedcompound•High-resolution/fat-free/bottle-feed……–Solidcompound•Windpipe/sleepwalk/overweight……–Neoclassicalcompound新古典主义合成词•Biocide/psychanalysis/biophysics……29Conversion•Isentyouane-mail.•Ie-mailedyouyesterday.•CanIhaveyoure-mailaddressincaseIneedtoe-mailyou.30BlendingPart+partgenome(gene+chromosome)Whole+partbreathalyzer(breath+analyzer)Part+wholeMedicaid(medical+aid)medicare(medical+care)chemotherapy(chemical+therapy)31Backformation•动词由名词去掉词缀而来–Chain-smokechain-smoker–Automateautomation–Diagnosediagnosis–Ovulateovulation–Psychoanalyzepsychoanalysis32Clipping•Examexamination•Fluinfluenza•Lablaboratory•Poliopoliomyelitis•Psychpsychology•Adadvertisement33Acronyms•CT(computerizedtomography)/RBC(redbloodcell)/ECG(electrocardiogram)•TB(tuberculosis)/OD(overdose)/IV(intravenous)•a.c.(antecibum=beforemeal)•p.c.(postcibum=aftermeal)•b.i.d(bisindie=twiceaday)•t.i.d(terindie=threetimesaday)Homework•Readingfirstpart“BriefHistoryofEnglishLanguage”•Translate“EarlyModernEnglish”(class1)and“LateModernEnglish”(class2),andsubmitwithin2weeks.35Unit2WordAnalysisLearningobjectives*掌握：常见的词根前缀、后缀和联接词*学会:根据前缀、后缀、词根估测单词的意思37Wordanalysis•Hemat/o/logy•Electr/o/cardi/o/gram•Gastr/o/enter/o/logy•Retro/gastr/ic•Pre/nat/al38Thethreetypesofwordpart•Wordrootsusuallyindicatetheinvolvedbodypart•Suffixesusuallyindicatetheprocedure,condition,disorder,ordisease.•Prefixesusuallyindicatethelocation,time,number,orstatus.39Rulesforusingthecombingvowel•Acombiningvowelisnotusedwhenthesuffixbeginswithavowel(a-e-i-o-u)•Acombiningvowelisusedwhenthesuffixbeginswithaconsonant.•Acombiningvowelisalwaysusedwhentwoormorerootswordsarejoined.•Aprefixdoesnotrequireacombiningvowel.Retro/gastr/icHemat/o/logySub/hepat/icGastr/o/enter/o/logy40☻Wordroots☻Prefixes☻Suffixes☻FormationofpluralsWordanalysis41Wordroots•Adenoma•Adenitis•Adenolo