美国独立宣言 英文版

1美国《独立宣言》（英文稿）TheDeclarationofIndependenceActionofSecondContinentalCongress,July4,1776TheunanimousDeclarationofthethirteenUnitedStatesofAmericaWHENintheCourseofhumanEvents,itbecomesnecessaryforonePeopletodissolvethePoliticalBandswhichhaveconnectedthemwithanother,andtoassumeamongthePowersoftheEarth,theseparateandequalStationtowhichtheLawsofNatureandofNature'sGodentitlethem,adecentRespecttotheOpinionsofMankindrequiresthattheyshoulddeclarethecauseswhichimpelthemtotheSeparation.WEholdtheseTruthstobeself-evident,thatallMenarecreatedequal,thattheyareendowedbytheirCreatorwithcertainunalienableRights,thatamongtheseareLife,LibertyandthePursuitofHappiness--ThattosecuretheseRights,GovernmentsareinstitutedamongMen,derivingtheirjustPowersfromtheConsentoftheGoverned,thatwheneveranyFormofGovernmentbecomesdestructiveoftheseEnds,itistheRightofthePeopletoalterortoabolishit,andtoinstitutenewGovernment,layingitsFoundationonsuchPrinciples,andorganizingitsPowersinsuchForm,astothemshallseemmostlikelytoeffecttheirSafetyandHappiness.Prudence,indeed,willdictatethatGovernmentslongestablishedshouldnotbechangedforlightandtransientCauses;andaccordinglyallExperiencehathshewn,thatMankindaremoredisposedtosuffer,whileEvilsaresufferable,thantorightthemselvesbyabolishingtheFormstowhichtheyareaccustomed.ButwhenalongTrainofAbusesandUsurpations,pursuinginvariablythesameObject,evincesaDesigntoreducethemunderabsoluteDespotism,itistheirRight,itistheirDuty,tothrowoffsuchGovernment,andtoprovidenewGuardsfortheirfutureSecurity.SuchhasbeenthepatientSufferanceoftheseColonies;andsuchisnowtheNecessitywhichconstrainsthemtoaltertheirformerSystemsofGovernment.TheHistoryofthepresentKingofGreat-BritainisaHistoryofrepeatedInjuriesandUsurpations,allhavingindirectObjecttheEstablishmentofanabsoluteTyrannyovertheseStates.Toprovethis,letFactsbesubmittedtoacandidWorld.HEhasrefusedhisAssenttoLaws,themostwholesomeandnecessaryforthepublicGood.HEhasforbiddenhisGovernorstopassLawsofimmediateandpressingImportance,unlesssuspendedintheirOperationtillhisAssentshouldbeobtained;andwhensosuspended,hehasutterlyneglectedtoattendtothem.HEhasrefusedtopassotherLawsfortheAccommodationoflargeDistrictsofPeople,unlessthosePeoplewouldrelinquishtheRightofRepresentationintheLegislature,aRightinestimabletothem,andformidabletoTyrantsonly.HEhascalledtogetherLegislativeBodiesatPlacesunusual,uncomfortable,anddistantfromtheDepositoryoftheirpublicRecords,forthesolePurposeoffatiguingthemintoCompliancewithhisMeasures.HEhasdissolvedRepresentativeHousesrepeatedly,foropposingwithmanlyFirmnesshisInvasionsontheRightsofthePeople.HEhasrefusedforalongTime,aftersuchDissolutions,tocauseotherstobeelected;wherebytheLegislativePowers,incapableoftheAnnihilation,havereturnedtothePeople2atlargefortheirexercise;theStateremaininginthemeantimeexposedtoalltheDangersofInvasionfromwithout,andtheConvulsionswithin.HEhasendeavouredtopreventthePopulationoftheseStates;forthatPurposeobstructingtheLawsforNaturalizationofForeigners;refusingtopassotherstoencouragetheirMigrationshither,andraisingtheConditionsofnewAppropriationsofLands.HEhasobstructedtheAdministrationofJustice,byrefusinghisAssenttoLawsforestablishingJudiciaryPowers.HEhasmadeJudgesdependentonhisWillalone,fortheTenureoftheirOffices,andtheAmountandPaymentoftheirSalaries.HEhaserectedaMultitudeofnewOffices,andsenthitherSwarmsofOfficerstoharrassourPeople,andeatouttheirSubstance.HEhaskeptamongus,inTimesofPeace,StandingArmies,withouttheconsentofourLegislatures.HEhasaffectedtorendertheMilitaryindependentofandsuperiortotheCivilPower.HEhascombinedwithotherstosubjectustoaJurisdictionforeigntoourConstitution,andunacknowledgedbyourLaws;givinghisAssenttotheirActsofpretendedLegislation:FORquarteringlargeBodiesofArmedTroopsamongus;FORprotectingthem,byamockTrial,fromPunishmentforanyMurderswhichtheyshouldcommitontheInhabitantsoftheseStates:FORcuttingoffourTradewithallPartsoftheWorld:FORimposingTaxesonuswithoutourConsent:FORdeprivingus,inmanyCases,oftheBenefitsofTrialbyJury:FORtransportingusbeyondSeastobetriedforpretendedOffences:FORabolishingthefreeSystemofEnglishLawsinaneighbouringProvince,establishingthereinanarbitraryGovernment,andenlargingitsBoundaries,soastorenderitatonceanExampleandfitInstrumentforintroducingthesameabsoluteRulesintotheseColonies:FORtakingawayourCharters,abolishingourmostvaluableLaws,andalteringfundamentallytheFormsofourGovernments:FORsuspendingourownLegislatures,anddeclaringthemselvesinvestedwithPowertolegislateforusinallCaseswhatsoever.HEhasabdicatedGovernmenthere,bydeclaringusoutofhisProtectionandwagingWaragainstus.HEhasplunderedourSeas,ravagedourCoasts,burntourTowns,anddestroyedtheLivesofourPeople.HEis,atthisTime,transportinglargeArmiesofforeignMercenariestocompleattheWorksofDeath,Desolation,andTyranny,alreadybegunwithcircumstancesofCrueltyandPerfidy,scarcelyparalleledinthemostbarbarousAges,andtotallyunworthytheHeadofacivilizedNation.HEhasconstrainedourfellowCitizenstakenCaptiveonthehighSeastobearArmsagainsttheirCountry,tobecometheExecutionersoftheirFriendsan