Shakespeare莎士比亚简介Shakespeare(1564~1616)theGreatRenaissancedramatist,poet,EuropeanRenaissancehumanismliteraturesynthesizer.莎士比亚(W.WilliamShakespeare;1564~1616)英国文艺复兴时期伟大的剧作家、诗人,欧洲文艺复兴时期人文主义文学的集大成者。Life(生平)•ShakespearewasborninBritaininApril23,1564centralWarwickCountyalongtheEvanRiverinStratford,awealthyfamilies.•莎士比亚于1564年4月23日生于英国中部瓦维克郡埃文河畔斯特拉特福的一位富裕的市民家庭。莎士比亚故居•After20yearsofagetoLondon,firstinthetheaterwhenthegroom.Ahandyman,afterenteringthetheatreasanactor,directorandscreenwriter..,becomethetheatrebeganaround1588shareholders;writing,firstisadaptedforthepreviousscript,soonbegantoindependentcreation.•20岁后到伦敦,先在剧院当马夫.杂役,后入剧团,做过演员.导演.编剧,并成为剧院股东;1588年前后开始写作,先是改编前人的剧本,不久即开始独立创作。•Thesuccessofwriting,sothatShakespearewontheshowmulberrymanagementforLord,Lordbecamehisprotector.Shakespeareintheearly90'shadhistwopoemVenusandAdonis,therapeofLucrecededicatedtotheLord,whoalsowrotethesonnetlord.•写作的成功,使莎士比亚赢得了骚桑普顿勋爵的眷顾,勋爵成了他的保护人。莎士比亚在90年代初曾把他写的两首长诗《维纳斯与阿都尼》、《鲁克丽丝受辱记》献给勋爵,也曾为勋爵写过一些十四行诗。WiththehelpofLord,Shakespeareintothearistocraticculturesalon,causinghimtosocietywithobservationandunderstanding,expandedhisvisionoflife,forhecreatedtoprovidearichsourceof.借助勋爵的关系,莎士比亚走进了贵族的文化沙龙,使他对上流社会有了观察和了解的机会,扩大了他的生活视野,为他日后的创作提供了丰富的源泉。莎士比亚葬地In1603,theaccessionofJamesI,histroupecalled“thekingofferedTheatre”,heandhisgroupofactorswasappointedRoyalretainers,thereforetheaterinadditiontoregulartouring,oftenduringperformances,Shakespearescreenplayandrenownedcommunity.InApril23,1616Shakespeareintheirfifty-twobirthdayanddiedinthreeonechurches,st..1603年,詹姆斯一世继位,他的剧团改称“国外供奉剧团”,他和团中的演员被任命为御前侍从,因此剧院出来经常的巡回演出外,也常常在宫廷中演出,莎士比亚创作的剧本进而蜚声社会各界。1616年4月23日莎士比亚在其五十二岁生日前后不幸去世,葬于圣三一教堂。Aliterarycreation(创作)•Shakespeareinabout1590~1612ofthetotal20yearswrotethirty-sevenplays(suchasplusandFletcherwrotetwoofyourkissisthethirty-eight),healsowrotetwolongpoemVenusandAdonis,therapeofLucreceandonehundredandfifty-foursonnets.•莎士比亚在约1590~1612的20余年内共写了三十七部戏剧(如加上与弗莱彻合写的《两位贵亲》则是三十八部),还写有二首长诗《维纳斯与阿多尼斯》、《鲁克丽丝受辱记》和一百五十四首十四行诗。•Tragedy(悲剧)•Fourgreattragedies(四大悲剧):•Macbeth(麦克白)•KingLear(李尔王)•Hamlet(哈姆雷特)•Othello(奥赛罗)•RomeoandJuliet(罗密欧与朱丽叶)•TitusAndronicus(泰特斯•安特洛尼克斯)•JuliusCaesar(裘力斯•凯撒)•AntonyandCleopatra(安东尼与克莉奥佩屈拉)•Coriolanus(科利奥兰纳斯)•TroilusandCressida(特洛埃围城记)•TimonofAthens(雅典的泰门)Comedy(喜剧):•FourGreatComedies(四大喜剧):AsYouLikeIt(皆大欢喜)TwelfthNightorWhatYouWill(第十二夜)TheMerchantofVenice(威尼斯商人)AMidsummerNight‘sDream(仲夏夜之梦)•MuchAdoAboutNothing(无事生非)•MeasureforMeasure(一报还一报)•TheTempest(暴风雨)•TamingoftheShrew(驯悍记)•TheMerryWivesofWindsor(温莎的风流娘们)•Love‘sLabour’sLost(爱的徒劳)•TheTwoGentlemenofVerona(维洛那二绅士)•PericlesPrinceofTyre(泰尔亲王佩力克尔斯)•Cymbeline(辛白林)•TheWinter'sTale(冬天的故事)•TheComedyofErrors(错中错)•All'sWellThatEndsWell(终成眷属)ROMEO&JULIET《罗密欧与朱丽叶》HAMLET《哈姆雷特》MERCHANTofVENICE威尼斯商人•TheSonnets(十四行诗)Shakespeare'sliteraryposition(莎士比亚文学地位)Manyofhisphraseswinuniversalpraise,becomeapartofBritishNationallanguage.他的许多词句脍炙人口,成为英国全民语言的一部分。Inpoetrycreation,hechangedtheformatinItaly,accordingtothefour,four,fourtwoarrangement,eachpoemcanbetterembodytheintroduction,emotionalandtrainofthoughtturnsandchange.在诗歌的创作中,他改变了意大利的格式,按四、四、四二编排,每首诗更能体现起承转合,情感和思路曲折而有变化。Helikesfromlifeandnature,fromthecountry,city,court,stage,court,battlefield,merchant'scabinet,churcheslookingforvividimagesandmetaphors.Heusedhiscontrol,polysemy,repetition,alliteration,pause,thelengthoftonescatteredtofoilcontent,enhancedmusic.ThesonnetformintheforeigndevelopedunderthepenofShakespeare.他喜欢从生活和大自然中,从乡村、城市、法庭、舞台、宫廷、战场、商人的柜房、教堂等场所寻找生动的形象和比喻。他常用对照、多义词、重复、停顿、头韵、长短音的错落来烘托内容,增强音乐性。十四行诗这一外来形式在莎士比亚笔下得到了发展。WilliamShakespeare莎翁名句•Tobeornottobe.Thatisaquestion.生存还是毁灭,这是一个值得考虑的问题。•Abandoningtimeperson,timealsoisabletoabandonhim放弃时间的人,时间也会放弃他。•Theemptyvesselsmakethegreatestsound.满瓶不响,半瓶咣当。•Loveseemstogrowinupperflowerofprecipice,wanttoextractindispensableneedtohavegutsrightaway爱情就像是生长在悬崖上的一朵花,想要摘就必需要有勇气。TheendThanks