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关于经济的英语单词ruraleconomics农村经济liberaleconomy自由经济mixedeconomy混合经济politicaleconomy政治经济学protectionism保护主义autarchy闭关自守economist经济学家socialisteconomy社会主义经济capitalisteconomy资本主义经济collectiveeconomy集体经济plannedeconomy计划经济controlledeconomy管制经济primarysector初级成分privatesector私营成分,私营部门publicsector公共部门,公共成分economicchannels经济渠道economicbalance经济平衡economicfluctuation经济波动economicdepression经济衰退economicstability经济稳定economicpolicy经济政策economicrecovery经济复原understanding约定concentration集中holdingcompany控股公司trust托拉斯cartel卡特尔rateofgrowth增长economictrend经济趋势economicsituation经济形势infrastructure基本建设standardofliving生活标准,生活水平purchasingpower,buyingpower购买力scarcity短缺stagnation停滞,萧条,不景气underdevelopment不发达underdeveloped不发达的developing发展中的国民生产总值GNP(GrossNationalProduct)人均国民生产总值percapitaGNP产值outputvalue鼓励giveincentiveto投入input宏观控制exercisemacro-control优化经济结构optimizetheeconomicstructure输入活力bringvigorinto改善经济环境improveeconomicenvironment整顿经济秩序rectifyeconomicorder有效地控制通货膨胀effectivelycontrolinflation非公有成分non-publicsectors主要成分dominantsector实在的tangible全体会议plenarysession解放生产力liberate/unshackle/releasetheproductiveforces引入歧途leadonetoablindalley举措move实事求是seektruthfromfacts引进、输入importation和平演变peacefulevolution试一下haveago(atsth.)精华、精粹、实质quintessence家庭联产责任承包制family-contractresponsibilitysystem搞活企业invigorateenterprises商品经济commodityeconomy基石cornerstone零售retail发电量electricenergyproduction有色金属nonferrousmetals人均收入percapitaincome使负担besaddledwith营业发达的公司goingconcerns被兼并或挤掉annexedorforcedoutofbusiness善于接受的receptive增额、增值、增长increment发展过快excessivegrowth抽样调查datafromthesamplesurvey扣除物价上涨部分priceincreasearededucted(excluded)实际增长率actualgrowthrate国际收支internationalbalanceofpayments流通制度circulationsystem总工资totalwages分配形式formsofdistribution风险资金riskfunds管理不善poormanagement一个中心、两个基本点onecentraltaskandtwobasicpoints以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则（1）社会主义道路（2）党的领导（3）人民民主专政（4）马列主义毛泽东思想、坚持改革开放thecentraltaskreferstoeconomicconstructionandtwobasicpointsarethefourcardinalprinciples-adherencetothesocialistroad,toCommunistPartyleadership,tothepeople'sdemocraticdictatorshipandtoMarxism-LeninismandMaoZedongThought-andpersistinginreformandopening.改革是“社会主义制度的自我完善和自我发展”。Reformistheself-perfectionandself-developmentofthesocialistsystem.我们辨别的标准是看这样做是否有利于发展社会主义的生产力，是否有利于增强社会主义国家的综合国力，是否有利于提高人民的生活水平。Thecriterionforourjudgementiswhetherthemovefacilitatesthedevelopmentofsocialistproductiveforces,whetherithelpsincreasetheoverallnationalstrengthofasocialistcountry,andwhetheritbringsaboutbetterlivingstandards.社会主义的最终目标是解放生产力，消灭剥削，消除贫富两极分化，最终达到共同富裕。Themaingoalsofsocialismaretheliberationanddevelopmentofproductiveforces,theeliminationofexploitationandpolarizationbetweentherichandthepoorandthefinalachievementofcommonprosperity.要人们警惕右和“左”的影响，特别是“左”的根深蒂固的影响。towarnpeopleoftheinfluenceofboththeRightandtheLeftdeviations,particularlyofthedeep-rootedLeftinfluence.中国要警惕右，但更要防“左”。ChinaneedstobevigilantagainsttheRightdeviation,butprimarily,itshouldguardagainsttheLeftdeviation.资本主义和社会主义并不是以计划经济和市场的多少来划分的。Socialismandcapitalismarenotdistinguishedbytheproportionofplannedandmarketeconomy.随着改革的深化，国家指令性计划的范围将会缩小，而市场调节的范围将会扩大。Asthereformfurtherdevelops,thescopeformandatorystateplanswillbenarrowed,whilethescopeformarketforceswillbeenlarged.初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体制。toestablishatapreliminarylevelanewsystemofsocialistplannedcommodityeconomy.各尽所能，按劳/需分配。fromeachaccordingtohisability,toeachaccordingtohiswork/needs.经济结构改革。reformineconomicstructure剩余劳动力。surpluslabor经营机制operativemechanism发挥市场的调节作用togiveplaytotheregulatoryroleofthemarket经济和法律的杠杆economicandlegalleverages经济计划和市场调节相结合tocombineeconomicplanningwithmarketregulation计划经济和市场调节相结合的机制amechanismthatcombinesplannedeconomyandmarketregulation取消国家对农产品的统购统销tocancelthestate'smonopolyonthepurchaseandmarketingofagriculturalproducts改革重点转移到城市thefocusofreformisshiftedtothecities国家的根本任务是，集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设Thebasictaskofthenationistoconcentrateitseffortsonsocialistmodernization.逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化，把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。tomodernizethecountry'sindustry,agriculture,nationaldefenceandscienceandtechnologystepbysteptoturnChinaintoastrongandprosperoussocialistcountrywithahighlevelofcultureanddemocracy.社会主义经济制度的基础是生产资料的社会主义公有制，即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制。Thebasisofthesocialisteconomicsystemissocialistpublicownershipofthemeansofproduction,namely,ownershipbythewholepeopleandcollectiveownershipbytheworkingpeople.国有经济，即社会主义全民所有制经济，是国民经济中的主导力量。Thestateeconomyisthesectorofsocialisteconomyunderownershipbythewholepeople;itistheleadingforceinthenationaleconomy.国家保障国有经济的巩固和发展。Thestateensurestheconsolidationandgrowthofthestateeconomy.农业farming林业forestry畜牧业animalhusbandry副业sidelineproduction渔业fishing第一产业primaryindustry第二产业secondaryindustry第三产业tertiaryindustry生产资料meansofproduction生活资料meansoflivelihood/subsistence生产关系relationsofproduction生产力productiveforces公有制publicownership私有制privateownership全民所有制ownershipbytheentire/wholepeople社会主义集体所有制socialistcollectiveownership厉行节约，反对浪费topracticestricteconomyandcombatwaste外资企业foreign-fundedenterprise合资企业jointventure合作企业cooperativeenterprise独资企业whollyforeignowned/fundedenterprise亚洲金融危机financialcrisisinAsia沿海经济开发区opencoast