-1-短路容量及短路电流的计算1、计算公式:同步电机及发电机标么值计算公式:rjddSSxX100%*(1-1)变压器标么值计算公式:rTjkTSSuX100%*(1-2)线路标么值计算公式:2*jjLLUSLXX(1-3)电抗器标么值计算公式:jjrrkkUIIUxX100%*(1-4)电力系统标么值计算公式:sjsSSX*(1-5)异步电动机影响后的短路全电流最大有效值:22])1()1[(2)(MMchsschMschIKIKIII(1-6)其中:%dx同步电动机超瞬变电抗百分值jS基准容量,100MVAjU基准容量,10.5kVjI基准电流,5.5kArS同步电机的额定容量,MVArTS变压器的额定容量,MVA%ku变压器阻抗电压百分值LX高压电缆线路每公里电抗值,取0.08km/高压电缆线路每公里电抗值,取0.4km/L高压线路长度,km-2-rU额定电压,kVrI额定电流,kA%kx电抗器的电抗百分值sS系统的短路容量,1627MVAsI由系统送到短路点去的超瞬变短路电流,kAMI异步电动机送到短路点去的超瞬变短路电流,kA,rMqMMIKI9.0rMI异步电动机的额定电流,kAqMK异步电动机的启动电流倍数,一般可取平均值6schK由系统馈送的短路电流冲击系数MchK由异步电动机馈送的短路电流冲击系数,一般可取1.4~1.72、接线方案图1三台主变接线示意图3、求k1点短路电流的计算过程3.1网络变换-3-(a)(b)(c)(d)(e)(f)(g)(h)(i)(j)(k)图2求k1点短路电流网络变换图-4-3.2用标么值计算各线路电抗根据图1中所给数值,用标么制计算个电抗值:X1=sX*+LX*=sjSS+2jjLUSLX=0.061+0.015=0.076X2=X3=X4=rTjkTSSuX100%*=1.125X5=X6=jjrrkkUIIUxX100%*=0.52X7=X9=X12=rjdLdSSxXX100%**+2jjLUSLX=1.353(2.03)+0.029=1.382(超瞬变电抗百分值14%,功率因数为0.87;电缆均长400米)X8=X10=X11=2*jjLLUSLXX=0.015X13=X14=X15=2*jjLLUSLXX=0.007X16=X17=X18=rjddSSxX100%*=0.378X19=X20=X21=X8+X13+X16=X10+X14+X17=X11+X15+X18=0.4X22=X23=X24=X7//X19=X9//X20=X12//X21=0.31X25=X28=X2+X5+2252XXX=3.531X26=X29=X22+X5+2522XXX=0.974X27=X30=X2+X22+5222XXX=2.106X31=X3//X25//X28=0.687X32=X26//X29//X23=0.189X33=X27//X30=1.053X34=X1//X33=0.071X35=X34+X31=0.758因为电网与发电机属于不同类型电源,要用分布系数法求出两种电源支路的等值电抗X36、X37。分布系数:-5-C1=134XX=0.933C2=3334XX=0.067X36=135CX=0.813X37=235CX=11.262X38=X32//X37=0.1863.3求短路电流值:I*S”=I*0.1=I*0.2=I*k=361X=1.23765.65.523.1*42.01.0jSkSIIIIIII(kA)221.17765.68.122..SschschIKi(kA)发电机支路的等值电抗换算的以发电机容量为基准值的标么值为:X*C=X38jRGSS=10039330186.0=0.218根据X*C,查《》,第二版,第108页,表4-18得到各电流的标么值为:I*0=4.987,I*0.1=4.019,I*0.2=3.51,I*4=I*k=2.446换算到短路点电压发电机额定电流:jRGRGUSI35.10339330=6.433(kA)081.32433.6987.40*RGGIII(kA)854.25433.6019.41.0*1.0RGGIII(kA)58.22433.651.32.0*2.0RGGIII(kA)735.15433.6446.24*RGkGIII(kA)933.83081.3285.122..GGchGchIKi(kA)-6-考虑到异步电动机对短路电流的影响,假定每段母线上参与反馈的异步电动机的等效容量为10000kW,其额定功率因数为0.87,启动电流倍数取平均值6,则由异步电动机送到短路点的超瞬变短路电流:rMqMMIKI9.0=3.584(kA)629.987.01031069.19.0229.0..rMqMMchMchIKKi(kA)则k1点的总短路电流:43.42584.3081.32765.6MGSIIII(kA)783.110629.9933.83221.17...MchGchSchchiiii(kA)短路全电流最大有效值:22])1())(1[(2)(MMchGsschGMschIKIIKIIII=63.123(kA)4、求k2点短路电流的计算过程4.1网络变换(a)(b)-7-(c)(d)(e)(f)(g)(h)(i)(j)(k)(l)(m)(n)图2求k2点短路电流网络变换图-8-4.2用标么值计算各线路电抗根据图1中所给数值,用标么制计算个电抗值:X1=sX*+LX*=sjSS+2jjLUSLX=0.061+0.015=0.076X2=X3=X4=rTjkTSSuX100%*=1.125X5=X6=jjrrkkUIIUxX100%*=0.52X7=X9=X12=rjdLdSSxXX100%**+2jjLUSLX=1.353+0.029=1.382(超瞬变电抗百分值14%,功率因数为0.87,电缆均长400米)X8=X10=X11=2*jjLLUSLXX=0.015X13=X14=X15=2*jjLLUSLXX=0.007X16=X17=X18=rjddSSxX100%*=0.378X19=X20=X21=X8+X13+X16=X10+X14+X17=X11+X15+X18=0.4X22=X23=X24=X7//X19=X9//X20=X12//X21=0.31X25=X2+X5+2252XXX=2.874X26=X22+X5+2522XXX=0.793X27=X2+X22+5222XXX=2.359X28=64343XXXXX=0.482X29=64363XXXXX=0.162X30=64346XXXXX=0.162X31=2928252825XXXXX=0.393X32=2928252925XXXXX=0.132-9-X33=2928252829XXXXX=0.022X34=X33+X30=0.184X35=X1//X27=0.074X36=X23//X26=0.223X37=X31+X35=0.468X38=X32+X36=0.355因为电网与发电机属于不同类型电源,要用分布系数法求出两种电源支路的等值电抗X39、X40。分布系数:C1=2735XX=0.031C2=135XX=0.969X39=137CX=11.87X40=237CX=0.483X41=X38//X39=0.347X42=X40//X41=0.202X43=X34+X42=0.386不同类型电源,要用分布系数法求出两种电源支路的等值电抗X44、X45。分布系数:C3=4142XX=0.582C4=4042XX=0.418X44=343CX=0.663X45=443CX=0.923X46=X24//X44=0.2114.3求短路电流值:I*S”=I*0.1=I*0.2=I*k=451X=1.084962.55.5084.1*42.01.0jSkSIIIIIII177.15962.58.122..SschschIKi(kA)发电机支路的等值电抗换算的以发电机容量为基准值的标么值-10-为:X*C=X46jRGSS=10039330211.0=0.247根据X*C,查《工业与民用配电设计手册》,第二版,第108页,表4-18得到各电流的标么值为:I*0=4.404,I*0.1=3.639,I*0.2=3.223,I*4=I*k=2.418换算到短路点电压发电机额定电流:jRGRGUSI35.10339330=6.433(kA)331.28433.6404.40*RGGIII(kA)41.23433.6639.31.0*1.0RGGIII(kA)734.20433.6223.32.0*2.0RGGIII(kA)555.15433.6418.24*RGkGIII(kA)122.74331.2885.122..GGchGchIKi(kA)考虑到异步电动机对短路电流的影响,假定每段母线上参与反馈的异步电动机的等效容量为10000kW,其额定功率因数为0.87,启动电流倍数取平均值6,则由异步电动机送到短路点的超瞬变短路电流:rMqMMIKI9.0=3.584(kA)629.987.01031069.19.0229.0..rMqMMchMchIKKi(kA)则k2点的总短路电流:877.37584.3331.28962.5MGSIIII(kA)928.98629.9122.74177.15...MchGchSchchiiii(kA)-11-短路全电流最大有效值:22])1())(1[(2)(MMchGsschGMschIKIIKIIII=56.25(kA)