生态系统碳氮磷元素的生态化学计量学特征_王绍强

28820088ACTAECOLOGICASINICAVol.28,No.8Aug.,2008(30670312);973(2002CB412501):2007-03-24;:2008-05-01:(1972～),,,,,、.E-mail:[e-mail]:TheprojectwasfinanciallysupportedbyNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(No.30670312);NationalKeyBasicResearchandDevelopmentProgramofChina(No.2002CB412501)Receiveddate:2007-03-24;Accepteddate:2008-05-01Biography:WANGShao-Qiang,Ph.D.,Associateprofessor,mainlyengagedinglobalchangeecology,biogeochemicalcycles.E-mail:[e-mail]王绍强,于贵瑞(,　100101):。,C∶N∶P、、,C∶N∶PC∶N∶P、、,。,--,,,。:;C∶N∶P;;:1000-0933(2008)08-3937-11　:Q143　:AEcologicalstoichiometrycharacteristicsofecosystemcarbon,nitrogenandphosphoruselementsWANGShao-Qiang,YUGui-RuiQianyanzhouEcologicalExperimentalStation,InstituteofGeographicSciencesandNaturalResourcesResearch,Beijing100101,ChinaActaEcologicaSinica,2008,28(8):3937～3947.Abstract:Ecosystemelementbalancehasbeenamainfocusofglobalchangeecologyandbiogeochemicalcycleresearch.Thispaperfirstintroducesprogressesinecologicalstoichiometryandcarbon,nitrogenandphosphoruscycles.ThenapplicationofC∶N∶Pstoichiometryinnutrientlimitation,biogeochemicalcycle,forestsuccessionanddegradedlandisreviewed,especiallyinthefieldsofdistributioncharacteristics,indicationrole,effectoncarbonsequestrationandhumanactivityinfluenceonsoilC∶N∶Pratio.Wealsodiscussfutureresearchdirectionsinecologicalstoichiometry.Thedevelopmentofecologicalstoichiometrytheoryandresearchmethodcanhelpusbetterunderstandnutrientcontrollingfactorsofplant-litter-soilinteraction.Itismoreimportanttorevealinteractionamongcarbon,nitrogenandphosphorusinordertoprovideinsightandtheoretialfoundationforalleviationofgreenhouseeffects.KeyWords:ecologicalstoichiometry;soilC∶N∶Pratio;elementcycle;energybalance,、、[1～3],,[4,5]。,(、)[4,6],,、、[7～9]。(ecologicalstoichiometry)、,,、,(、、),,(、、、、)[10～12]。[12]、、、。,,,,[13,14]。,50[15],、[12]。,、,—、、[12,14]。,、、、-、、、、、、,[12]。,,[12～15]。1　1.1　、,,,[5,10]。:,,,,()[5]。,,、,,[10]。,(、),,,,,。1.2　,,,[16]。[17],[18,19]。,,[20],[21]。,[22],,[23,24]。Wardle[24],,,N∶P,,3938　　　　　　　28　。,[25],N∶P。,,,N∶P[11]。1.3　/,[6],[23],/。(、)[12],,,C∶N∶P、。,:(1)?(2)?C∶N∶P,[26]。C∶N∶P,(),,。,、,C∶N∶P,(),--,,,,,。2　(C∶N∶Pratio)、,。C∶N∶P,、、、、、,,C∶N∶P,C∶N10∶112∶1,、、20∶1,C∶N8∶115∶1,10∶112∶1,C∶N[27]。、、、C∶N∶P∶S110∶10∶1.4∶1.3、194∶10∶1.2∶1.6、113∶10∶1.3∶1.3、147∶10∶2.5∶1.4、140∶10.2∶2.1∶2.1、144∶10∶1.9∶1.8,,C∶N∶P∶S140∶10∶1.3∶1.3,C∶PC∶N,C∶P,[2]。,C∶N,,C∶N1317,C∶N[28]。(),C∶N∶P[10]。、C∶N∶P,,C∶P。2.1　,C∶N,,,。C∶N10∶1,40%,251,C∶N25∶1[5]。C∶N,;C∶N,3939　8　　　　:　[5]。,、C∶N,,,,C∶N。,C∶N,,,。C∶N,。,,C∶N,[29]。,C∶N,,Batjes[29]C∶N,C∶N270,C∶N(Yermosols)9.9(Histosols)29.8。,C∶N13.33[30],C∶N10∶1～12∶1[27]。C∶N,C∶N,[4]。,C∶N10、C∶N30(Histosols),,240Pg[2]。,Schipper[3]C∶N9、1011。C∶N,C∶N。,C∶N,C∶N,C∶N,。2.2　C∶N∶P,,,,,C∶N∶P[31,32]。、C∶N∶P、、、、,[5,6,10,24,33]。,N∶P,[34,35]。,N∶P14,N∶P16[35]。,C∶N、C∶N、[31,32,36]。C∶N3030[32]。AitkenheadandMcDowell[37]C∶N(DOC)DOC99.2%,,C∶N[10]。,、、[34,35],N∶P,[35]。,,(、N∶P)[17,38]。N∶P、,C∶N∶P。C∶P、C∶N、N∶P,??。2.3　3:;、;[6]。,:(1);(2)C:;(3)C:C:[23,39～42]。3940　　　　　　　28　[6]。C∶,、[43]。,、,[44～46],。(C∶N)()[47]。,C∶P[48]。,C∶P7～30,C∶P,;C∶P,,[48]。,、,,[6],,。CO2C∶N,C∶N[49～51]。[6],,、、[6,52],---,[23]。,、[7,8]。,[53,54]。,,。,,[12]。(C∶N∶P)[24],,C∶N∶P,,、。2.4　、,C∶N∶P,[47],,、C∶N、N∶PN∶P、C∶NC∶N[17,25],C∶N∶P3。,、。,McGroddy[47](、),,C∶N∶P1212∶28∶1,C∶N∶P3007∶45∶1,Redfield。,C∶N∶PC∶N∶P。[38],--[55],,--,,,。,、,N∶P[57],,N∶P()[12]。N∶P3941　8　　　　:　[56],N∶P,,[57]。,[58],C∶N∶P,。Mcgroddy[47]C∶NC∶P,C∶N,C∶N,,,,C∶N∶P。、、()C∶N∶P,、,C∶NC∶N,,[59],C∶N∶P--[47]。DaufresneandLoreau[60],∶/,,C∶N∶P/,[47]。--[55],,,、、、。、C∶N∶P,。--,,。,、[61]。,,。,(),、。,“”,,,,。,StenterElser[10]。,,[10,14]。,(、)。3　,,,,,()[12],,、[5]。,,,[62],140×106ta-1,300×106ta-1[63]。CO2,(,-),[33]。,CO2,[64～68]。,9×106ta-155×106ta-1[63]。Falkowski[54],C、N、P13%、108%400%,C∶N∶P20333∶43∶1,C∶N∶P667∶12∶1。,[33]。3942　　　　　　　28　∶N∶P,,,[33]。,,、、,[10]。,,[33]。4　,,[69～72],[73～76]。,[11,12]。,[57],N∶P。Han[77]753,N∶P18.6、1.21mgg-114.4。,(),N∶P,N∶P,[77]。N∶PC∶P,--,,、,。,5。(1),C∶N∶P[14],,,,:???,?,?[61]。C∶N∶P,C∶N∶P[10,14]。Mcgroddy[47]3:(1)C∶N∶P,Redfield?(2)C∶N∶P?(3)()?,C∶N∶P,,,、,C∶N∶P,、、。,,,C∶N∶P。(2),,[61]。,,、、、,。:(1),3943　8　　　　:　(2)-:。(3)C∶N,C∶N[78],C∶N[6]。,()[9],,。,[79]。,,(),,C∶N∶P。,,,,C∶N∶P。(4)、,()[5]。(),,[80],C∶N∶P(、)。(、、)[10],,,,,C∶N∶P、,、C∶N∶P、,。(5)C∶N∶P,,,C∶N、C∶PN∶P,C∶N、C∶PN∶P、[16,23,25],,[16]。[59,81],、[10,82,83]。,ReichandOleksyn[16]45212805087,N∶P、。:(1),;,;(2)N∶P,,[16]。,,、、[16]。,C∶N∶P,C∶N∶P。。3944　　　　　　　28　[1]　LalR.Soilcarbonsequestrationimpactsonglobalclimatechangeandfoodsecurity.Science,2004.304.[2]　StevensonFJ,ColeMA.Cyclesofsoilcarbon,nitrogen,phosphorus,sulfur,micronutrients.USA:JohnWileySonsInc,1999.[3]　SchipperLA,PercivalHJ,SparlingGP.Anapproachforestimatingwhensoilswillreachmaximumnitrogenstorage.SoilUseandManagement,2004,20:281-286.[4]　HanXG,LiLH,HuangJH.Anintroductiontobiogeochemistry.Beijing:HigherEducationPress,1999.[5]　ChapinSFIII,MatsonP,Moone