PS功能详细介绍

Photoshop功能详细介绍第一节Photoshop基础知识··························································································1第二节命令及工具使用（一）··················································································3第三节命令及工具使用（二）·····················································································4第四节套索工具·······································································································5第五节渐变工具·······································································································6第六节画笔工具······································································································7第七节橡皮工具······································································································8第八节修复工具······································································································8第九节文字工具······································································································9第十节钢笔工具······································································································9第11节自定义形状工具····························································································10第12节图层样式···································································································11第13节蒙版········································································································12第14节通道········································································································12第15节动画编辑··································································································13第16节辅助工具··································································································14第17节文件菜单···································································································15第18节编辑菜单及辅助工具····················································································15第19节图像菜单···································································································16第一节Photoshop基础知识一、软件相关知识1、Photoshop是美国Adobe公司开发的图像处理软件2、Photoshop功能：摄影师：图像处理，修饰照片，合成图像设计：用于广告设计，空间无限印刷：扫描、修改、印刷到产品上二、启动：1、窗口组成：标题栏、菜单栏、属性栏、工具箱、面板、状态栏、文件编辑区2、打开：在灰色区域双击（Ctrl+O）3、新建：按Ctrl双击灰色区域（Ctrl+N）1）名称：文件名2）预设：Photoshop提供的预设文件大小3）宽度、高度：自定义文件大小（单位：默认单位为像素px）4）分辩率：（练习——72像素/英寸；打印——300像素/英寸或更高）5）颜色模式：颜色显示模式。（常用包括RGB模式、CMYK模式、灰度模式）6）背景内容：选择一种背景色（白色、背景色、透明）三、概念：1、像素：构成图像的最基本(最小)的单位2、分辨率：单位面积上像素点的多少，分辨率用PPI来表示3、图像分类：（1）位图：又称点阵图或光栅图，一般用于照片品质的图像处理，放大后失真，位图分辨率有关，分辨率越大，图像越清晰（2）矢量图：放大后不失真，一般用于工程图四、工具介绍：选取工具（M）1、矩形/椭圆选框工具：结合Shift键可绘制正方或正圆形2、单行或单列选框工具：可选择一行或一列像素点选择/修改：重新修改选区五、快捷键：D：默认前/背X：交换前/背前景色填充：Alt+Delete背景色填充：Ctrl+Delete取消选区：Ctrl+D撤消多步：Ctrl+Alt+Z选择背景色：按Ctrl键，点左键删除：DeleteAlt：减选区shift：加选区六、保存：1、文件存储Ctrl+S存储为Ctrl+Shift+S2、默认扩展名：.psd第二节命令及工具使用（一）一、概念模式：色彩的构成方式（1）RGB模式（R：红；G：绿；B：蓝）：光色模式又称真彩色模式，其中每种颜色都包含256种亮度级别，三个通道（颜色）合起来显示完整的色彩图像，有1670多万种颜色。（2）CMYK模式（C：靛青；M：品红；Y：黄色；K：黑色）：打印模式，颜色远远少于RGB模式二、选取工具属性1、加选：（Shift键）2、减选：（Alt键）3、交叉选：（Shift+Alt）4、羽化：将选区边缘像素点产生模糊效果，值越大产生模糊效果越大○1“选择”/‘羽化’，（Ctrl+Alt+D）注：单行或单列工具不能设置羽化5、样式：可对选区大小进行精确设置变换选区：选区上右键，“变换选区”等比缩放：Shift+Alt三、工具介绍：移动工具：按Ctrl可临时切换到移动工具属性：自动选择图层（右键选择图层）显示定界框（拖动改变大小）对齐方式：按Ctrl选择多层激活四、快捷键：光标键移动：移动1像素Shift+光标键：移动10像素F6：调颜色面板第三节命令及工具使用（二）一、图层及图层的应用图层：与文件等大的透明纸，层与层之间没有任何影响，便于修改，不影响整体效果新建图层：图层/新建（Ctrl+Shift+N）复制图层：将图层向“新建”按钮处拖动新建图层背景：图层/新建/图层背景（背景层上双击）二、变换工具：编辑/自由变换（Ctrl+T）（1）Shift：对角点等比缩放；以15度倍数旋转（2）Shift+Alt：中心点等比例缩放（3）Alt：对称变换（4）Ctrl+Alt+Shift：透视变换（5）Ctrl：单点移动（扭曲）（6）Shift+Ctrl：锁定方向单点移动（斜切）注：默认背景层是被锁定的（不能移动）“眼睛标志”：显示或隐藏图层三、快捷键：F7：调图层面板选择移动工具按Alt键，拖动图像复制Ctrl+单击图层缩览图：调出当前图像选区Ctrl+Shift单击缩览图：加选图层选区拼合图层：Ctrl+ECtrl第四节套索工具一、套索工具（L）1、套索工具：随意产生一个选区2、多边形套索：任意多边形选区，必须首尾点重合3、磁性套索：自动吸附产生选区（1）频率：可设置中间节点的间距，频率值越大，间距越小，选取越精确↑2、3工具：按Ctrl键可快速将首尾点相连Delete键或退格键：可删除节点Esc键：退出该命令二、魔术棒工具（W）1、可选取颜色相似的一部分容差：容差值的大小决定选取范围的大小容差值越大，选取范围越大，但颜色不相似。容差值越小则相反注：加选、减选、交叉选功能及羽化功能，均适合以上工具快捷键：放大图像及窗口：Ctrl+Alt+加号缩小图像及窗口：Cltr+Alt+减号反向选择：Ctrl+Shift+I空格键：移动图片放大图片：Ctrl+加号（Ctrl+空格+点击图片）缩小图片：Ctrl+减号（Alt+空格+点击图片）羽化是从实到虚。第五节渐变工具一、填充工具：（G）渐变工具：（G）类型：线性渐变、径向渐变、菱形渐变、对称渐变、角度渐变1）模式：用来设置渐变色与下面图像的混合模式2）反向：渐变颜色顺序颠倒3）透明区域：支持透明渐变色油漆桶工具：（G）1、填桶：填充颜色或图案（容差值大，填充范围大）2、编辑/填充注：锁定透明像素，透明区域不能进行填充颜色高斯模糊：滤镜/模糊/高斯模糊图层组：图层/新建/图层组与前一图层编组Ctrl+G取消编组Ctrl+Shift+G快捷键：Ctrl+R：标尺Ctrl+0：满画布显示Ctrl+J：拷贝新层Ctrl+；：隐藏显示参考线Ctrl+新建按钮：可在当前层下方建立新层Ctrl+[：将当前图层下移一层Ctrl+]：将当前图层上移一层Shift+Tab：隐藏或显示浮动面板Tab：隐藏或显示工具栏第六节画笔工具一、画笔工具（B）属性1、属性栏中“画笔”设置：可设置笔触形状和大小2、喷枪：选择喷枪后，设置“流量”百分比，画笔停留时间越长，绘制颜色越浓。3、画笔调板：F5（1）画笔笔尖形状：设置笔尖形状，大小，角度，硬度，间距等（2）形状动态：设置笔触不同大小、角度、圆度的随机性变化。（3）散布：设置笔触四处飞散的自然效果。（4）颜色动态：设置笔触颜色由前景到背景色变化，或随机性产生颜色变化。二、减淡、加深、海绵工具（O）1、减淡工具：把颜色减淡（增加亮度）2、加深工具：把颜色加深（降低亮度）3、海绵工具：降低饱和度（图片变灰色）三、快捷键改变笔触大小：“[”“]”图像上单击右键，设置笔触大小改变笔触硬度：Shift+[Shift+]自定义画笔：选取要定义的图案，编辑/定义画笔，保存与载入画笔第七节橡皮工具一、画笔模式1、背后：只能在图层透明区域内涂抹2、清除：可将当前图像清除变为透明二、铅笔工具（画出曲线生硬，有锯齿）1、自动抹除：在前景色上涂抹，则该区域被抹成背景色三、橡皮工具（E）1、橡皮擦工具：根据背景色擦除2、背景色橡皮擦：按Alt键单击颜色，可将吸取的颜色差除掉（也可利用此工具抠图）3、魔术橡皮：可将颜色相似的一部分内容一次性擦除掉四、模糊、锐化、涂抹（R）注：扫描的图片不清楚时，可用（锐化）工具调整图片第八节修复工具本节难点：修复、修补工具的使用技巧一、修复工具（J）1、修复画笔工具：修复图像（按Alt吸取源点）2、修补工具：利用所选区域修复目标区域二、图章