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八年级下册重点语法和短语Unit1Willpeoplehaverobots?重点语法：一般将来时态的应用do/does的一般将来时态形式：(shall/will)dodo/does的一般将来时态的被动语态：(shall/will)bedone一般将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：肯定句例句：Peoplewillhaverobotsinafewyears.否定句例句：People(willnot/won't)haverobotsinafewyears.一般疑问句例句：Willpeoplehaverobotsinafewyears?特殊疑问句例句：Whatwillpeoplehaveinafewyears?重点短语：won't=willnotthey'll=theywillshe'll=shewillhe'll=hewillI'll=Iwillfallinlovewith(sb./sth.)爱上（某人/某物）beabletodosth.能够做某事cometrue实现inthefuture未来hundredsof数以百计的thousandsof数以千计的lookfor(sb./sth.)寻找（某人/某物）will→would情态动词will的原形和过去式may→might情态动词may的原形和过去式ReadingStrategy(阅读方法)Lookatthetitleandpicture,andpredictwhatyouwillreadabout.(看着标题和图片，预知你要阅读那些方面的内容。)Thishelpsyougetreadytoacquirenewinformation.(这样可以帮助你获得一些新的信息。)Unit2WhatshouldIdo?重点语法：过去将来时态（将来时态的委婉说法）do/does的过去将来时态形式：(should/would)dodo/does的过去将来时态的被动语态：(should/would)bedone过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：肯定句例句：Youshouldwritealettertohim.否定句例句：Youshouldn'twritealettertohim.一般疑问句例句：ShouldIwritealettertohim?特殊疑问句例句：WhatshouldIdo?重点短语：keepsb.out不让某人进入What'swrong?=What'sthematter?=What'stheproblem?怎么了？outofstyle不时髦的；过时的callsb.up给某人打电话payforsth.为某事付款part-timejob兼职工作thesameas=besame(to/with)与……同样instyle时髦的；流行的geton[well]withsb.=getalong[well]withsb.与某人相处（好）didn't=didnotcouldn't=couldnotas...aspossible尽可能……(eg/assoonaspossible尽快)allkindsof各种；许多ontheonehand一方面ontheotherhand另一方面asksb.forsth.=asksb.todosth.请求某人做某事asksb.nottodosth.请求某人不要做某事spend(money)onsth.=spend(money)[in]doingsth.花钱做某事sth.costsb.(money)某人花钱为了某事takesb.sometimetodosth.花某人时间做某事findout查明findsb.doingsth.发现某人做某事beangrywithsb.生某人的气beangryatsth.生某事的气thesameageas=asoldas与某人年龄一样havefightwithsb.与某人打架learntodosth.学会做某事not...until...直到……才……comparesth.(A)withsth.(B)把某事(A)与某事(B)作比较it'stimeforsth.=it'stimetodosth.到该做某事的时间了maybeadv.或许maybe（情态动词+动词原形）可能是shall→should情态动词shall的原形和过去式pay→paid→paid动词pay的原形、过去式和过去分词ReadingStrategy(阅读方法)Youwilllearntousenewwordsbetterifyouusealearner'sdictionary.(时刻学着应用新单词来学习比时刻使用字典这种途径方法更好。)Abilingualdictionarysometimesgivesthewrongmeaningforthesituationyouwant.(在某些你需要的场合下，一本双语字典有时会给你错误的解释。)Unit3WhatwereyoudoingwhentheUFOarrived?重点语法：过去进行时态do/does的过去进行时态形式：(was/were)doingdo/does的过去进行时态的被动语态：(was/were)beingdone过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式：肯定句例句：IwaswalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlanded.否定句例句：Iwasn'twalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlanded.一般疑问句例句：WereyouwalkingdownthestreetwhenaUFOlanded?特殊疑问句例句：WhatwereyoudoingwhenaUFOlanded?动词when和while的选择：when后加瞬间动词，while后加延续性动词。例句：TheboywaswalkingdownthestreetwhentheUFOlanded.=Whiletheboywaswalkingdownthestreet,theUFOlanded.感叹句结构：(1)How+adj.+the+主语+谓语动词=(2)What+(a/an)+[adj.]+n.+主语+谓语动词例句：Whatabeautifulflower[itis]!=Howbeautifulthefloweris!Whatbeautifulflowers[theyare]!=Howbeautifultheflowersare!重点短语：getout出去；离开takeoff起飞runaway逃跑；跑掉comein进来hearabout=hearof听说takeplace发生as...as像……一样(eg/asoldashim像他一样老)anywhere=everywhere=hereandthere任何地方thinkabout考虑thinkof认为getup=getoutofthebed起床atthedoctor's在诊所everyday每一天everydayadj.日常的mostadj.大部分themost最多的inspace在太空中nationalhero民族英雄allovertheworld=intheworld全世界ReadingStrategy(阅读方法)Thetitlecanbehelpfulforyoutounderstandatext.(一篇文章的标题可以帮助你理解整篇文章。)It'salsoagoodideatoreadthefirstsentenceofeachparagraphbeforeyouread.(在阅读整篇文章之前，阅读每段的第一句话也是一个很有效的方法。)Unit4HesaidIwashard-working.重点语法：宾语从句结构：主语+谓语动词+宾语从句(主语+谓语动词+宾语/表语)例句：----I'mgoodatEnglish.Hesays.(改为加宾语从句的复合句)----HesaysI'mgoodatEnglish.注意：①主句是一般现在时态，宾语从句的时态不受其影响。例句：HesaysI'mgoodatEnglishnow.HesaysIwasgoodatmathematicswhenIwasyoung.②主句是过去时态，宾语从句也要用过去时态。例句：HesaidIwasgoodatmathematicswhenIwasyoungyesterday.HesaidIwasgoodatEnglishnowyesterday.③宾语从句是客观真理时永远用一般现在时态。例句：Ourteachersays24hoursmakeaday.Ourteachersaidthesungivesussomanyenergyyesterday.④动词原形不能作主语，必须用其-ing形式。例句：Shesaidhelpingotherschangedherlife.重点短语：directspeech直接引语reportedspeech=indirectspeech间接引语firstofall=atfirst首先passon传递besupposedtodosth.应该做某事begoodat=dowellin在某方面做得好ingoodhealth身体健康getover克服openup打开carefor=takecareof=lookafter照料；照顾notanymore=notanylonger=nolonger不再haveacold感冒end-of-yearexam年终考试getnervous变得紧张forgettodosth.忘记做某事（该事未做）forgetdoingsth.忘记做某事（该事已做）it's+adj.+[forsb.]+todosth.做某事[对某人来说]……（加形容词）context上下文ReadingStrategy(阅读方法)Firstreadformeaning,notfordetail.(首先理解文段的大致意思，不在于文段的细节部分。)Youcanunderstandthemeaningofawordyoudon'tknowfromthecontext.(至于不懂的单词，你可以通过上下文来寻找它的正确释义。)Unit5Ifyougototheparty,you'llhaveagreattime!重点语法：if引导的条件状语从句结构：主句+if+条件状语从句①某事从过去发生一直持续到现在都在做②过去发生的动作对现在造成影响例：我已上了三年初中。IhavebeeninJuniorSchoolfor3years.自从那次他与我谈过心后，我天天都在进步。Ihavebeenmakingprogresssincehetalkedwithmethattime.现在完成进行时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式：肯定句例句：Ihavebeenskatingforfivehours.否定句例句：Ihaven'tbeenskatingforfivehours.一般疑问句例句：Haveyoubeenskatingforfivehours?特殊疑问句例句：Howlonghaveyoubeenskating?注意：瞬间动词不能和一段时间连用。例句：你借这本书已经多长时间了？Howlonghaveyoubeenkeepingthisbook?重点短语：runoutof用完；用尽bytheway顺便说说beinterestedindoingsth.对某事感兴趣morethan比……多faraway在远处wouldliketodosth.=wanttodosth.=feellikedoingsth.想要做某事sendsb.sth.=sendsth.tosb.把某物赠送给某人infact实际上room房间（用于可数名词）；空间（用于不可数名词）common→morecommon→themostcommon形容词common的原级、比较级和最高级ReadingStrategy(阅读方法)Letyoureyesscanthetextquicklytofinddetailsthatyou'relo