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334201412GLOBALGEOLOGYVol.33No.4Dec.20141004－5589201404－0822－151231．1000832．1000443．。①、2m②green-stonebeltsCO2H2O--NaCl。P618.51Adoi10.3969/j.issn.1004-5589.2014.04.0092014-01-242014-04-222012-01．GolddeposittypesanditsmaingeologicalcharacteristicsinDemocraticＲepublicofCongoLIYong-quan1LIXing-chun231.SchoolofEarthScienceandＲesourcesChinaUniversityofGeosciencesBeijing100083China2.SchoolofElectricalEngineeringBeijingJiaotongUniversityBeijing100044China3.MaadiniMiningSprlLubumbashiKatangaProvinceDemocraticＲepublicofCongoAbstractOnthebasisofthecomprehensiveresearchofdataandfieldworktheauthorssummarizedthemaingoldtypesandgeologicalcharacteristicsinDemocraticＲepublicofCongo．TheresultsdemonstratedthatthegolddepositsinDＲCcanbeclassifiedastwotypes①placergoldincludingalluvialandeluvialtypesmainlydistributedintheriverandvalleyofOrientalManiemaNorthKivuandSouthKivuprovincesofDＲC．Theore-bearinglayerslocatedfromgroundsurfacetounderground2m．②greenstonebeltgolddepositbroadlydistributedinthecentreofCentralAfricagoldzoneandextendtoCentralAfricaＲepublicinNWtrendandtoTanzaniainSEtrend．ThistypegolddepositisusuallyinlargescaleandconcomitantedwithniobiumandtantalumandmostoftheorebodieslocatedinthecontactareaofgreenstoneandArcheangraniteswithsub-verticalshape．Fluidsofore-formingweremainlyH2O-NaClfluidsrichinCO2whichdemonstratedthatthefluidimmiscibilitywascloselyasso-ciatedwithmineralizationsimilarwithotherfamousgreenstonebeltgolddepositsintheworld．KeywordsgolddeposittypesCongoCratongeologicalcharacteristicsplacergoldgreenstonebeltgolddeposit01A234.5km2。1B、。1--4。、5。。、Cu、Co6--8。。11B。ＲepublicofCongoCentralAfricanＲepublic—9--11。—1B。Kaapvaal、Zimbabwe、Tanzania、WestAfrican1213。—、、、、1191214。—3.19～3.12Ga—、～3.15Ga、2.95～2.85Ga2.97～2.94Ga。2.78Ga2.8～2.5Ga15。1Table1GeologicalfeaturesofArcheanCongocraton—、、3.19～3.12Ga--2.95～2.85Ga。9、12、153.3～3.0GaBomu＞3.0GaGanguan2.45Ga2.8Ga。12、16--18～2.8Ga2.83～2.60Ga2.2～1.8GaEburnian。123.5～3.3Ga2.9～2.8Ga、2.83Ga2.7～2.6Ga。123284A.B.19Fig.1LocationandgeologicalskectmapofCongoCration42833Bo-mu—GanguanuppercongograniteKibalian。2.8Ga。2.45Ga16。、。＞3.0GaGanguanBomu、、、。3.4～3.0GaBomu3.3～3.0Ga1718。2.8～2.7Ga2.83～2.60GaJambaUtende-Chela。Eburnian2.2～1.8Ga1214。Ｒb--Sr3.49～3.33Ga192.9～2.8Ga2.83Ga2.7～2.6Ga12。2Cu--Co、Au、Sn、Nb--Ta1B。Cu--CoCu5800tCo460t41%77%24、、Au、Sn、Nb--Ta220。＜10km30～60km。3A、21。、BIF6～7g/t5～15m。Kilo--MotoTwangiza--Namoya3B21。Kalemie。33.122。3.1.120m。4A。0.1～1g/t。3.1.2、2～3m。S24B4C、4D。4E、4F。1g/t。3.2Kilo--MotoTwangiza--Namoya3。52842、21Fig.2DistributionofthemainresourcesinEastandcentralpartofDＲCOrientaleNorthKivuSouthKivuandManiemaprovinces62833AB321Fig.3LocationcharacteristicsofgreenstonebeltandgoldbeltinnortheasternDＲC7284①②S1S2S3③④⑤⑥．4Fig.4Stratadistributionandcharacteristicsofplacergold5。。3.2.1Kilo3A700200t5。2m8283318。、——、。Tesle1m2～25g/t10g/tLima20g/t5～6g/tCampIII0.5～2m20g/t。2324Lavreau1825。5—。NW--SE3.5～3.2GaNW--SE26—3.2～2.0Ga2.0～1.5Ga18NE--SWNE--SW。．518Fig.5GeologicalmapofKilogolddepositinKibalianzone9284A.—B.．621Fig.6Distributionandgeologicalmapofgreenstonebeltgolddeposits038333.2.2NgayuLoncor6A。4500km2Kilo--Moto。6B。KiloNE--SW。1～8mAu64g/t。Makapela、Ita-li、AdumbiYindi。3.2.3Kalemie、3。。Kaelima150m±50m±40m±NE--SW20m±2m±EW。15210～30cm50～100cm7。。—。。EW80°～85°。3～440°～60°0.5～1m2m。、、CO2H2O--NaCl8。9。26--31。44.1、、。①②greenstonebeltsNW--SENE--SWCO2H2O--NaCl。4.2。Kilo--MotoTwangiza--Namoya。。、。、、、。、、。13847Fig.7QuartzveinsinKaelimagolddeposit23833A.H2O--NaCl--CO2B.H2O--NaCl--CO2C.D.E.F.H2O--NaClLVSLCO2CO2VCO2CO2．8Fig.8PhotomicrographstakenatroomtemperatureoffluidinclusionspresentinmineralizedquartzatKaelimaveingolddeposit3384A.12B.14C.B．9Fig.9PhotomicrographstakenatroomtemperatureofmultistageclusterinclusionsinmineralizedquartzMMＲLakisMohanmdBarbi。1SillitoeＲHPerellóJGarcíaA．Sulfide-bearingvein-letsthroughoutthestratiformmineralizaitononthecentralAfricancopperbelttemporalandgeneticimplicationsJ．EconomicGeology20101051361-1368．438332CailteuxJLHKampunzuABLerougeCetal．Gene-sisofsediment-hostedstratiformcopper-cobaltdepositscentralAfricancopperbeltJ．JournalofAfricanEarthSciences200542134-158．3DewaeleSMuchezPVetsJetal．MultiphaseoriginoftheCu-CooredepositsinthewesternpartoftheLufil-ianfold-and-thrustbeltKatangaDemocraticＲepublicofCongoJ．JournalofAfricanEarthSciences2006465455-469．4．J．2009283366-380．LIXiang-qianMAOJing-wenYANYan-lingetal．ＲegionalgeologyandcharacteristicsoforedepositsinKa-tangacopper-cobaltbeltwithinCongoKinshasacen-tralAfricaJ．MineralDeposits2009283366-380．5BallSYShalerMK．EconomicgeologyoftheBelgianCongocentralAfricaJ．EconomicGeology19149605-663．6．J．201015488-494．XUChun-hongFANLiang-wu．ThesuccessfulfactorstoquicklylocatetargetareasinKalweoredepositKatangaDemocraticＲepublicofCongoJ．MineralExploration201015488-494．7．J．2010464664-669．ZHANGDong-fengLIUJian-xinXIEWei．ApplicationoftheIPsoundingmethodtoexplorationofacopper-co-baltdepositinCongoDＲCAfricaJ．GeologyandExploration2010464664-669．8．J．2012272206-213．WANGZhi-gangCHENYu-huaFUXiao-jinetal．GeologicalcharacteristicsandmineralexplorationofKan-sukicopper-cobaltdepositinKatangaprovinc