矿物名称分子式主要元素或氧化物莫氏硬度名称含量%铁FeFe100.04.5磁铁矿Fe3O4Fe72.45.5~6.5赤铁矿Fe2O3Fe70.05.5~6.5褐铁矿2Fe2O3·3H2OFe57.11.0~5.5菱铁矿FeCO3Fe48.23.5~4.5镜铁矿Fe2O3Fe70.05.5~6.5针铁矿Fe2O3·H2OFe63.0假象赤铁矿γFe2O3Fe70.0锰MnMn100.0软锰矿MnO2Mn63.26.0硬锰矿MmnO2·MnO·nH2OMn49.0~62.01.0~2.5水锰矿Mn2O·H2OMn62.55.0~6.0菱锰矿MnCO3Mn47.83.5~4.0褐锰矿3Mn2O3·MnSiO3Mn63.63.5~4.5黑锰矿Mn3O4Mn72.06.0~6.5锰方解石(Ca,Mn)CO3Mn35.55.0~5.5黝锰矿MnO2Mn63.26.0~6.5硫锰矿MnSMn63.13.5~4.0铬CrCr100.09.0铬铁矿FeO·Cr2O3Cr2O368.05.5~7.5铬酸铅矿PbCrO4CrO330.9钒VPbO69.12.5~3.0绿硫钒矿Vs4或V2O5V100.0钒钛磁铁矿Fe2O3中Fe部分被V,Ti置换V19.0钒铅矿Pb5Cl(VO4)32.5钒云矿H2K(Al,V)3(SiO4)3V2O519.42.8~3.0钒铅锌矿(Pb、Zn)2(OH)VO4V2O520.02.0钒铜矿6(Cu,Ca,Be)OV2O5·15H2OV2O522.73.5钒铅铜矿PbCu(VO4)(OH)V2O515.83.0~3.5钛TiTi100.04.0金红石TiO2Ti60.04.0~6.5钛铁矿FeTiO3Ti31.65.0~6.0钛磁铁矿Fe2O3中Fe部分被Ti置换TiO225.0榍石CaTiSiO5Ti24.55.0~5.5钙钛矿CaTiO3Ti35.23.0铜CuCu100.03.0自然铜CuCu100.0黄铜矿CuFeS2Cu34.53.5~4.0辉铜矿Cu2SCu79.82.5~3.0斑铜矿Cu5FeS4Cu63.33.0铜蓝CuSCu66.41.5~2.0黝铜矿4Cu2S·Sb2S3Cu52.1砷黝铜矿4Cu2S·As2S3Sb29.23.0~4.5斜方硫砷铜矿3Cu2S·As2S5Cu57.53.0~4.0赤铜矿Cu2OCu48.33.0~3.5黑铜矿CuOCu88.83.5~4.0蓝铜矿2CuCO3·Cu(OH)2Cu79.83.0~4.0孔雀石CuCO3·Cu(OH)2Cu55.33.5~4.0硅孔雀石CuSiO3·2H2OCu57.53.5~4.0氯铜矿CuCl2·3Cu(OH)2Cu36.22.0~4.0水胆矾CuSO4·3Cu(OH)2Cu59.53.0~3.5胆矾CuSO4·5H2OCu56.23.5~4.0硫镓铜矿CuGaS2Cu31.82.5硫砷铜矿Cu3AsS4Cu32.13.0~3.5脆硫锑铜矿Cu3SbS4Cu48.43.5铅PbPb43.03.5方铅矿PbSPb100.01.5白铅矿PbCO3Pb86.62.5~2.7铅矾PbSO4Pb77.52.7~3.0脆硫锑铅矿Pb4FeSb6S14Pb68.32.5~3.0车轮矿CuPbSbS3Pb40.12.5~3.0砷铅矿(Pb,Cl)Pb4As3O12Pb42.53.5水白铅矿2PbCO3·Pb(OH)2Pb69.71.0~2.0磷氯铅矿Pb5Cl(PO4)3Pb80.54.0青铅矿PbCuSO4·(OH)2Pb76.42.5硫锑铅矿Pb5Sb4S11Pb5.12.5~3.0硫砷铅矿Pb2As2S6Pb55.43.0硫铅镍矿Ni3Pb2S2Pb57.04.0硒铅矿PbSePb63.32.5~3.0钒铅矿Pb5(VO4)3ClP73.3铅铁矾PbFe6(SO4)4(OH)12Pb67.7锌ZnZn18.3闪锌矿ZnSZn100.02.5菱锌矿ZnCO3Zn67.03.5~4.0红锌矿ZnOZn52.05.0异极矿H2Zn2SiO5Zn80.34.0~4.5铁闪锌矿(Zn、Fe)SZn54.04.5~5.0水锌矿ZnCO3·2Zn(OH)2Zn46.5~56.95.0锌铁尖晶石(Zn、Mn)Fe2O4Zn59.52.0~2.5硅锌矿Zn2SiO4Zn22.06.0~6.5菱锌铁矿(Zn、Fe)CO3ZnO64.85.5钨WW100.07.5钨锰铁矿(Fe、Mn)WO4WO376.55.0~5.5钨酸钙矿CaWO4WO380.64.5~5.0钨铁矿FeWO4WO376.65.0钨锰矿MnWO4WO376.34.0~4.5钨华WO3W79.31.0~2.0钨铜矿CuWO4W59.04.5~5.0钨酸铅矿PbWO4WO351.02.7~3.0锡SnSn100.02.0锡石SnO2Sn78.66.0~7.0黝锡石Cu2FeSnS4Sn27.54.0(黄锡矿)Cu29.5圆柱锡矿9PbS6·SnS2·Sb2S3Pb35.02.5~3钼MoMO100.05.5辉钼矿MoS2MO60.01.0~1.5彩钼铅矿PbMoO4MO26.02.7~3.0钨钼钙矿Ca(Mo、W)O4MO3.5钼钙矿CaMoO4MO47.93.5钼华MoO3MO66.71.0~2.0铋BiBi100.02.5自然铋BiBi100.02.0~2.5辉铋矿Bi2S3Bi81.22.0~2.5铋华Bi2O3Bi89.61.0~2.0泡铋矿Bi2O3CO3·H2OBi76.84.0~4.5硒铋矿Bi2Se3Bi63.72.5~3.5硫铋铅矿Pb3Bi2S6Bi422.3~3.0辉碲铋矿Bi2(Te、S)3Bi59.01.5~2.0叶碲铋矿Bi、Te、S、AgBi70.21.0~2.0硅铋矿Bi4(SiO4)3Bi69.44.5砷酸铋矿3Bi2O3·As2O5·2H2OBi40.53.0~4.5辉铋铅矿6PbS·Bi2S3Bi21.5针硫铋铅矿2PbS·Cu2S·3Bi2S2Bi57.02.0~2.5镍NiNi100.04针硫镍矿NiSNi64.73.0~3.5镍黄铁矿(Fe、Ni)SNi18.0~403.4~4.0硫砷镍矿NiAsSNi35.45.5翠镍矿NiCO3·2Ni(OH)2·4H2ONi46.83.0砷镍矿NiAs2Ni28.15.5~6.0红砷镍矿NiAsNi43.95.0~5.5硅镍矿2NiO·2MgO·3SiO2·cH2ONi22.62.0~4.0暗镍蛇纹石H2(Ni、Mg)SiO4·H2ONi25.0~30.02.0~4.0镍华Ni3As2O8·8H2ONi37.41.0~2.5柴硫镍铁矿Ni2FeS4Ni38.94.5~5.5红锑镍矿NiSbNi32.55.5辉镍矿Ni3S4Ni57.84.5~5.0辉砷镍矿NiAsSNi34.45~5.5硫铅镍矿Ni3Pb2S2Ni,Pb26.8,28.14.0钴CoCo1005.5硫钴矿Co3S4Co57.95.5砷钴矿(Co、Ni、Fe)As3-xCo,Ni28.2,28.15.5~6.0方钴矿CoAs3Co20.75.5~6.0辉砷钴矿CoAsSCo35.55.5~6.0硫铜钴矿Co2CuS4Co38.05.5钴土矿CoMn2O5·4H2OCo25.01.0~2.0钴华Co3(AsO4)2·8H2OCo29.01.5~2.5硫镍钴矿(Co、Ni、Fe)3S4Co27.4含钴黄铁矿(Fe、Co)S2Co33.0含钴磁黄铁矿(Fe、Ni、Co)SCo28.73.5~4.5水钴矿(Fe、Ni、)2O3·2H2OCo50.0~60.03.0钴镍黄铁矿(Co、Fe、Ni)9S8Co29.0锑SbSb100.02.0辉锑矿Sb2S3Sb71.42.0锑硫镍矿NiSbSSb57.35.3黄锑矿Sb2O4Sb78.94.0~5.0硫氧锑矿Sb2S2OSb75.01.0~1.5红锑镍矿NiSbSb67.55.5锑华Sb2O3Sb83.52.5~3.0黄锑华Sb2O4·nH2OSb74.54~5.5汞HgHg100.0自然汞HgHg100.0辰砂HgSHg86.22.0~2.5硫汞锑矿HgS·2Sb2S3Hg22.02.0甘汞HgClHg85.0黑辰砂HgSHg86.23.0灰硒汞矿HgSeHg71.72.5铝AlAl100.02.9铝土矿Al2O3·2H2OAl2O373.71.0~3.0水铝石Al2O3·H2OAl2O385.06.5~7.0水铝氧Al2O2·3H2OAl2O365.42.5~3.5尖晶石MgO·Al2O3Al2O371.87.5~8.0刚玉Al2O3Al52.99.0含水硅酸铝mAl2O3·nSiO2·H2O蓝线石8Al2O3·B2O5·H2O红柱石Al2O3·SiO2Al2O363.24~7.0硅线石Al(AlSiO4)OAl2O363.17.0蓝晶石Al2(SiO4)OAl2O363.15.5~7.0金AuAu100.02.5自然金AuAu99.02.5~3.0碲金矿AuTe2Au44.02.5斜方碲金矿(Au、Ag)Te2Au35.52.5叶状碲金矿Au2Pb14Sb3Te7S17Au7.81.0~1.5针碲金银矿(Au、Ag)TeAu,Ag24.5银AgAg100.0自然银AgAg72.0~100.02.5~3.0辉银矿Ag2SAg87.12.0~2.5锑银矿Ag9SbS6Ag75.62.0~3.0脆银矿Ag5SbS4Ag68.52.0~2.5硒铅银矿(Ag、Pb)SeAg43.02.5硫锑铜银矿(Ag、Cu)16(Sb、As)2S11Ag75.62.0~3.0浓红银矿Ag3SbS3Ag60.02.5~3淡红银矿Ag3AsSAg65.42.0~2.5碘银矿AgIAg46.03.0~4.0角银矿AgClAg75.31.0~1.5硒铜银矿AgCuSeAg,Cu18.7铂,钯Pt,PdPt,Pd100.0自然铂PtPt70.0~96.04.0~4.5砷酸铂矿PtAs2Pt56.56.0~7.0铋碲钯铂矿(Pt、Pd)(Te、Bi)2Pt18.6~30.8等轴铋碲钯矿Pd(Te、Bi)2Pd23.1~33.2Te50.8~56.3(铋碲钯矿)Bi14.2~16.1碲铂矿Pt(Sn、Te)Pt54.8铱饿矿IrO3(Rn、Pt、Be)6.0~7.0铌NbNb100.0铌铁矿(Fe、Mn)[(Nb、Ta)O3]2Nb2O510.0~15.06.0褐钇铌矿Y(Nb、Ta)O4Nb21.7烧绿石CaNaNb2O6FNb73.05~6.0钛铌钙铈矿(Nb、Ca、Ce)(Ta、Ti、Nb)O3TiO;Nb2O540.0,12.55.5~6.0重铌铁矿(FeNb2O6)Nb2O579.0钛铁金红石(Ti、Nb、Ta、Fe)O2Nb22.7钽TaTa100.0钽铁矿(Fe、Mn)Ta2O6Ta2O550.0~70.06.0细晶石CaNaTa2O6(OH)Na2O,Ta2O55.7,70.05.0~6.0重钽铁矿Fe(Ta、Nb)2O6Ta2O5,Na2O55.7,82.16.0铌钽锑矿(SbO)2(Ta、Nb)2O6Ta2O5,Nb2O573.9,7.55.0~5.5锰钽铁矿MnTa2O6Ta2O586.0铍BeBe100.05绿柱石3BeO·Al2O3·6SiO2BeO14.07.5~8.0金绿宝石BeO·Al2O3BeO19.88.5似晶石2BeO·BiO2BeO45.57.5~8.0磷钠铍石NaBePO4BeO8.2~19.85.8白闪石Na(BeF)Ca(SiO3)2BeO10.34.0日光石榴子石(Mn1Fe)2(Mn2S)Be3(SiO4)3BeO13.66.0~6.5硅酸铍石H2O·4BeO·2SiO2BeO42.16.0~7.0铍硅石Be4(Si2O7)(OH)2BeO49.0香花石Ca3(BeSiO4)3·2LiFBeO15.86.5锂LiLi100.00.6锂铍石Li3(BeSiO4)Li2O3,BeO2