凝胶剂的研究进展及应用概况

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ChinaPharmaceuticals20101921·1·,210002、。。、、、、。、、、、、。、、β-。。。R944.1+5TQ460.6A1006-4931(2010)21-0001-04ResearchProgressandApplicationofGelWangShudong,LiuWenya(DepartmentofPharmacy,NanjingGeneralHospitalofNanjingMilitaryRegion,Nanjing,Jiangsu,China210002)Abstract:Gelisanewdrugdosageformemerginginrecentyears.Foreignstudiesongelareearlierandhavedevelopedquickly.Domesticdevelopmentstartsfromhospitalpreparationsandmanygelshaveobtainedthestateapproval.Gelisshowingmoreandmoreadvan-tages.Gelsaredividedintohydrophilicgel,lipophilicgelandemulsivegelaccordingtothetypesofgroundsubstance.Atthepresent,thegroundsubstancesofhydrophilicgelaremostwidelyused.Morecommongroundsubstancesincludecarbomer,chitosan,calciumalginate,CMC-Na,etc.Transdermaldrugdelivery,oraldrugdelivery,oculardrugdelivery,nasaldrugdelivery,vaginaldrugdeliveryandrectaldrugdeliveryaremoreoftenusedforadministrationroute.Thesatisfyingtherapeuticeffectscanbeachievedbydifferentadministrationroutes.Withthedevelopmentofnewtechnologies,thenewproductsincludingenvironment-sensitivegel,liposomegel,β-CDinclusioncom-plexgelhavebeendevelopedwithenhancementofclinicalresults.Theapplicationscopesofgelswillbeuninterruptedlyenlargedwithbroadprospect.Whiledevelopingchemicalmedicinegels,ourpharmacyresearchersshouldpromotethegrowthofChinesemedicinegelssimultaneously.WeshouldcarryforwardandfurtherdeveloptheessenceofChineseTraditionalMedicine.Keywords:gel;groundsubstance;newtechnique;researchprogress、[1]。、。、,、[2]。、。11.1。《》1993、、5。《》ⅩⅩⅢ(1995)、35。2000FDAE.Fougera[3]JanssenCliagbecaplermin(Regranex)0.01%[4]MedicixPharm(、)ciclopirox(Loprox)FDA200810DowPharmaceuticalSciences,Inc1.2%+2.5%(AcanyaTM)12[5]。20091FDA(Watson)10%(Gelnique)[6]、(OAB)。。1.2。[7]、[8]。、、。2000712000《》———[9]。A、、、、、、、、、、。、、、。。22.1。ChinaPharmaceuticals20101921·2·、。,。、。。、、、、、、、、、、、(carbomer)、、[10]。52%~68%1%pH2.5~3.0。pH6~12pH312[11]。、、、、、、0.1%~3%。、、、、、[12]。934,940,941。[13]940。[14]、。。。、[15]、。[16]、。(calciumalginate)pH1mm。、、、、、。[17]。、、、、。1%pH6.5~8.5pH105pH7。20℃45℃80℃[18]。[19]。,。、5%pH3.0~7.0、、、、、、。,150℃,,[20]。。[21],W/O/W,、、。[22]、、、。2.2、,、、、。Sherriff[23]。,,,,。2.3、、,。[24]、80。33.1、、、。[25](meloxicam)。、、、。3.2、、、4。[26]90%。3.3、、。。。。[27]。3.4,,。[28]940。。ChinaPharmaceuticals20101921·3·3.5、、、、、、。。[29]2%。3.6。。[30]。44.1、、、、pH、。。“、pH”“、”“、”[31]。[32]。[33]()-CO-()pH。4.2。。[34]5-5-24h158.6g/L91.2g/L。4.3β-、、、β-[35]。β-[36]。5。、。、、。。、。、。[1].()[M].:,2005:19.[2].[J].,2006,6(5):384.[3].20001~2FDA[J].,2000(9):13.[4]JanssenCilag.ZybanapprovedinSwitzerland[J].ScripWorldPharma-ceuticalNews,2000(2511):17.[5]《·》.FDAAcanyaTM[J].·,2009,30(1):45.[6]《》.FDA10%[J].,2009,30(3):190.[7],,,.[J].,1996,14(5):279-282.[8],,,.[J].,1999,6(4):42.[9].()[M].:,2000:237.[10].[M].:,2003:402.[11],,,.[J].,2002,18(2):91.[12],,.[J].,2008,6(3):162.[13].[J].,2006,9(10):917-918.[14],,.[J].,2007,36(8):756-757.[15],.[J].,2006,27(2):115-116.[16],.[J].,2005,19(4):52-53.[17],,,.[J].,2006,37(9):1333.[18],.[M].:,1993:745-747.[19],,.[J].,2005,16(14):1065.[20].[M].3.:,1994:542.[21],.[J].,2001,23(3):173.[22],,.[J].,2006,9(6):524.[23]SherriffM,EneverRP.Pheologicalanddrugreleasepropertiesofoilgelsontainingcolloidalsilicondioxide[J].JPharmSci,1979,68(7):842-845.[24].[J].,2001,2(7):431.[25],,.[J].,2005,25(1):50.[26].[J].,2007,4(21):135.[27],.[J].ChinaPharmaceuticals20101921·4·121.2013182.2001373,5-3,5-1,4-。、。R972+.6TQ460.31A1006-4931(2010)21-0004-03StudyonSyntheticRoutesofAtorvastatinCalciumofHypolipidemicDrugsZhangYifan1YuXinhong2(1.DepartmentofPharmacyShanghaiInstituteofHealthScienceShanghai,China201318;2.InstituteofPharmacyEastChinaUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Shanghai,China200137)Abstract:Thisreviewsummarizedthevarioussyntheticprocessesofatorvastatincalcium.Therearetwowaysofsynthesisofatorvastatincalciumbasedonthereferences.Oneistosynthesizethesubstituedpyrroleringfirstly,theintroductchiral3,5-cis-dihydroxyheptanoicacidstructureintothering(linearsynthesis).Theotheroneistopreparechiral3,5-cis-dihydroxyheptanoicacidfragment,theformthepyrroleringstructurewith1,4-dicarbonylcompounds(poolsynthesis).Bycomparisonofthemeritsanddemeritsoftheprocessforthepreparationofatorvastatin,trytofindaroutewhichshowsmorefavorablecommercialvalueinthemanufacturingscale.Keywords:hypolipidemicdrugs;atorvastatincalcium;syntheticroutes1[1]。3--3-AHMG-CoA(statins)[2-3]。3HMG-CoA、、、。atorvastatincalciumLipitorR,R-2-4--β,γ--5-1--3--4--1H--1-2∶1C66H68CaF2N4O10·3H2O1209.42。3,5-。。1[4-6]1.12--2-[N--N-2-(1,3--2-)]-N,3-3-[2-(4-)-5--3--4-]-1H--1。1.2。(R)-2--2。,2004,12(6):39-40.[28].[J].,2001,13(3):12-14.[29],.[J].,2005,25(9):878.[30],,,.[J].,2006,12(9):7.[31],.“”[J].,2001,18(6):447-450.[32],,,.[J].,2008,33(6):628.[33].pH[J].,2005,24(4):59-61.[34],,,.5-[J].,2007,19(11):7-9.[35],,.β-[J].,2004,26(11):951.[36],.-β-[J].,2002,5(10):601.(2009-10-16)檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨檨

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