轴套类零件数控加工工艺及编程设计

学号：毕业设计说明书GRADUATEDESIGN设计题目：轴套类零件数控加工工艺及编程设计学生姓名：专业班级：学院：指导教师：2017年6月9日摘要-I-摘要车削加工是在车床上利用工件相对于刀具旋转对工件进行切削加工的方法。车削加工的切削能主要由工件而不是刀具提供。车削是最基本、最常见的切削加工方法，在生产中占有十分重要的地位。车削适于加工回转表面，大部分具有回转表面的工件都可以用车削方法加工，如内外圆柱面、内外圆锥面、端面、沟槽、螺纹和回转成形面等，所用刀具主要是车刀。本文主要论述了轴套类零件加工工艺及设计编程，通过UG画出零件图及编写程序，利用数控车床软件仿真避免次品的产生和材料浪费，对零件进行工艺分析，通过CKA6150机床进行加工实体，很好的利用仿真软件与机床的有机结合，加工出合格产品。此外本文还介绍了刀具的选择和运用以及在加工过程中的注意事项等，分析了如何根据零件的几何形状特点设计加工工艺和操作步骤，以及操作过程中的相关参数选择。实践证明，在数控加工中，根据零件的不同部位的技术要求，合理安排不同的加工工艺，设置合理的加工参数，选择合理的加工道具，不仅可以提高加工效率，保证质量，而且还减少工具损耗。关键词车削加工零件的工艺分析编写程序Abstract-II-AbstractTurningtheworkpieceinalatheusingmethodoftoolrotationrelativetotheworkpiececutting.Cuttingmachiningismainlycomposedofworkpieceinsteadofcuttingtoolsavailable.Turningisthemostbasicmachiningmethod,themostcommon,occupiesaveryimportantpositionintheproduction.Turningforprocessingrotaryworkpiecesurface,mosthastherotationsurfacecanbeprocessedwiththemethodofturning,suchastheexternalcylindricalsurface,conicalsurface,andface,groove,threadandrotaryformingsurface,thetoolismainlyusedtools.Thispapermainlydiscussesthesleevepartsmachiningprocessandprogramdesign,throughtheUGtodrawthepartsdiagramandprogram,usingthenumericalcontrollathesimulationsoftwaretoavoidthedefectiveproductsandmaterialwaste,theprocessanalysistoparts,processingentitythroughthewidenumber980machinetool,theorganiccombinationofsimulationsoftwareandthemachinetogooduse,processingqualifiedproduct.Inaddition,thispaperalsointroducestheselectionanduseoftoolsandintheprocessofattention,analyzeshowtoaccordingtothepartgeometrycharacteristicsofthedesignprocessandsteps,selecttherelevantparametersandoperatingprocess.Practicehasproved,inNCmachiningparts,accordingtotherequirementsofthedifferentpartsofthetechnology,reasonablearrangementofdifferentmachiningprocess,settingprocessingparametersreasonably,choosethereasonableprocessingtools,notonlycanimprovetheprocessingefficiency,ensurethequality,butalsoreducethetoolwear.KeyWords:TurningPartsoftheprocessanalysisWriteaprogram目录-III-目录摘要.............................................................................................................................IABSTRACT.......................................................................................................................II第1章绪论................................................................................................................1第2章数控机床的概念..............................................................................................22.1数控机床的概念................................................................................................................22.1.1机床本身技术参数....................................................................................................22.1.2数控系统.....................................................................................................................22.2数控加工的概念...............................................................................................................32.3数控机床的分类...............................................................................................................32.3.1按加工工艺方法分类..............................................................................................32.3.2按控制运动轨迹分类..............................................................................................42.3.3按驱动装置的特点分类..........................................................................................42.4数控车削加工工艺...........................................................................................................52.4.1合理选择切削用量...................................................................................................52.4.2夹具安装要点............................................................................................................62.4.3数控车床加工程序编程........................................................................................62.5数控车床的组成和工作原理.........................................................................................72.5.1车床主体.....................................................................................................................72.5.2数控装置和伺服系统..............................................................................................72.6数控车床安全操作规程..................................................................................................72.7数控车床坐标系的确定..................................................................................................82.5运动方向确定....................................................................................................................9第3章套筒类零件的结构特点及工艺分析............................................................103.1轴承套加工工艺..............................................................................................................103.1.1轴承套技术条件和工程分析...............................................................................103.1.2轴承套的加工工艺.................................................................................................113.2液压缸加工工艺分析...................................