国外 石油工程 油层物理教案

ValPinczewskiSchoolofPetroleumEngineeringUniversityofNewSouthWalesSession-12013Monday4March2013PTRL3001ReservoirEngineeringBPTRL5134ReservoirEngineeringLecture-1TextDake,LP,FundamentalsofReservoirEngineeringElsevier1978.AssessmentHomeworkproblems20%Mid-sessiontest20%Finalexam60%HomeworkAllworkmustbeyourownAllworkmustbesubmittedon-timeCourseguideIntermolecularforcesInterfacialtensionBulkmoleculesSurfacemoleculesWettabilityforanoil-water-rocksystemWettabilityforanoil-water-rocksystemWettabilityofwater-hydrocarbonsystemsonsilicaandcalciteDifferentwettingconditionsforanoil-watersystemCapillary-GravityEquilibriumCapillary-GravityEquilibriumLaplaceequationforcapillarypressurewateroilInterfacialforceBuoyancyforceEffectofwettabilityontransitionzone(wettingfluidinvadesspontaneously)Water-wetNeutralOil-wetPorousRock–ReservoirRockMtGambier-Highporositylimestone(resolution5microns)Interconnectedpore-spaceinporousrockallowsmovementoffluidsFlowthroughporousmediaPorosityandPermeabilityPorosity-thefractionoftherockvolumewhichisvoidPermeability-ameasureoftheeasewithwhichafluidcanflowthroughtherockSedimentsdepositedinmarineenvironmentDepositionalenergy(velocity)resultsinsortingofsedimentsDiscretedepositionalsequencesresultinlayeringwhichisamajorsourceofreservoirheterogeneityReservoirverticalheterogeneity(layering)hasamajorimpactonreservoirperformanceandrecoveryofoilandgasDepositionofsedimentsSedimentarybasinsHeterogeneityandlayeringHeterogeneityandlayeringEachofthelayersisporoussoalllayersarehydraulicallyconnectedOrganicmatterisdepositedtogetherwiththefinestsediments–sourcerocksSimplesingle-cellorganismsFoundinworldsoceansclosetothesurfaceUsesunlighttoconvertcarbondioxidetocomplexhydrocarbonsContinuedburialresultsinincreasesintemperatureandpressureandanaerobicbacterialactionbreaks-downthecomplexhydrocarbonstopetroleum–oilandgasPetroleumformationasafunctionofdepthPetroleumsqueezedoutofsourcerocksenterswatersaturatedporousrocksandmigratesup-structureundertheactionofbuoyancyforcesTrapsandReservoirsTheupwardmigrationofpetroleumisarrestedbyatrapThetrapfillstoformareservoirHydrocarbon-waterinterfacesintheporespacePetroleumsqueezedoutofsourcerocksenterswatersaturatedporousrocksandmigratesup-structureundertheactionofbuoyancyforcesPorespacealwayscontainshydrocarbonandwaterMeniscusinaporeandcapillarypressureCDrainagedisplacementnon-wettingfluiddisplacingawettingfluid‘thresholdcapillarypressure’Homework-1ARestoredstatemethodformeasuringcapillarypressureDrainagedisplacement–non-wettingfluiddisplacingwettingfluidPorousplatemethodforcapillarypressuremeasurementDrainagecapillarypressurecurvesforanumberofreservoirrocksNetworkrepresentationforasandstoneMicro-CTEquivalentnetworkDigitalCore–networkmodelPore-scalesimulatorCapillarypressuredeterminesdistributionoffluidsinporespaceMercurycapillarypressurefromsmallrockfragments3Dimageprobedwithspheresofdecreasingradius(HilpertandMiller(2001))20003image2umresolutionBereasandstoneMt.GambierlimestoneCorrectinglaboratorymeasuredcapillarypressuretoreservoirconditionsImbibitiondisplacementsWettingphasedisplacingthenon-wettingphaseDrainageImbibitionResidualoilformationbysnap-offmechanismOiltrappingonthemicroscopicorporescaleResidualoilformationbysnap-offmechanism10100I.Chatzis;N.R.MorrowandH.T.Lim,“Magnitudeanddetailedstructureofresidualoilsaturation”,Soc.Pet.Eng.AIME,1982Residualphasesizedistribution