Some与any的区别&复合不定代词

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Some与any的区别:some和any既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词,some常用在肯定句中,而any则常用在否定和疑问句中。因此some和any的用法主要是考虑用在肯定句、疑问句还是否定句中,与名词的可数与否无关。some意为“一些”,可作形容词和代词。它常修饰可数名词复数。如:somebooks一些书,someboys一些男孩,也可修饰不可数名词,如:somewater一些水,sometea一些茶叶,some常用在肯定句中。any意为“任何一些”,它也可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词,常用于疑问句和否定句。如:--Ihavesometeahere.我这儿有些茶叶。--Ican’tseeanytea.我没看见茶叶。--Doyouhaveanyfriendsatschool?你在学校有些朋友吗?--IhavesomeEnglishbooks,theyaremybestfriends.我有英语书,它们是我最好的朋友。但在表示建议,反问,请求的疑问句中,或期望得到肯定回答时,多用some而不用any。如:Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?你要不要来点咖啡?Whataboutsomefruitjuice?来点水果汁如何?当any表示“任何”的意义,起强调作用时,它可以用在肯定句中;Anystudentcananswerthisquestion.任何学生都可以回答这个问题。练习1:1.Thereisnot______meatinmybowl.Thereis_______chickeninit.A.some;anyB.any;someC.any;anyD.some;some2.Couldyoudo______forme,please?A.everythingB.nothingC.somethingD.anything3.Thebottleisempty.Thereis______init.A.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.everything4.—Didyoufind______intheroom?—No,wefound______there.A.anybody;nobodyB.somebody;everybodyC.anybody;somebodyD.everybody;anybody5.Ihavealotofworktodo.Ihave______timetoplay.A.notB.anyC.noD.some6.Wouldyoulike______morecoffee?A.littleB.anyC.someD.another7.Listentome.Ihave_______totellyou.A.anythingnewB.somethingnewC.newsomethingD.nothingnew8.Bytheway,isthere______intoday'snewspaper?A.somethingnewB.anythingnewC.newsomethingD.newanything9.Thetwofriendsweresopleasedtoseeeachotherthattheyforgot______.A.anythingelseB.somethingelseC.nothingelseD.everythingelse10.Mywatchdoesn’twork.Ithink_____mustbe_____withit.A.anything,wrongB.nothing,goodC.anything,goodD.something,wrong答案:BDCACCBBAD练习2:Isthere_____intoday'snewspaper?AsomethinginterestingBinerestingsomethingCanythinginterestingDinterestinganythingIfthereareanynewmagazinesinthelibrary,take_____forme.AitBsomeCthatDanyArethere____stampsinthedrawer?AmanyBanyCsomeDhowmanyYoucancomehere_____time.AanyBsomeCeachDoneSomeone____puttingoffthemeeting.AsuggestsBtosuggestCsuggestDsuggestingSome_____sentthegirltothehospitalintimeAdriveBdroveCdrivesDdrivingNoone_____todothat.AwantedBwantsCwantDwantingWouldyoulike______todrink?AanythingBeverythingCsomethingDsome答案:CBBAACBC复合不定代词:some,any,no和every可以与one,body,thing构成复合不定代词,它们的用法与some,any的用法基本相同。请看下表:Somebody某人Someone某人Something某物,某事Anybody任何人Anyone任何人Anything任何事物Nobody没有人Noone没有人Nothing没有东西Everybody每人Everyone每人Everything一切一、以上复合不定代词都表示单数的概念,在句子中作主语、宾语或表语。作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。如:“Isthereanythingwrongwithyourwatch?”“No,nothingiswrongwithit.”“你的手表有些毛病吗?”“没有,一点毛病没有。”Nooneinourclasscananswerthisquestion.我们班上没有一个人能回答这个问题。Listen!Someoneisknockingatthedoor.听!有人在敲门。Somebodyiswaitingforyouattheschoolgate,Kate.凯特,有人在校门口等你。Ifthereisnobread,wewilleatsomethingelse.如果没有面包,我们就吃点别的东西。Thereissomethinginwhatyousaid,Iwilltakeyouradvice.你说的话有点道理,我会听你的忠告的。Ithinkanyonecanlearnskating.我认为任何人都可以学会溜冰的。Hasanythingunusualhappened?有什么不平常的事发生了吗?二、一般来说,当主语是指人的复合代词,如everybody,nobody,anybody等时,其反意疑问句后面的主语通常用代词they;当前面句子中的复合代词指物,如everything,something,anything,nothing等时,其反意疑问句后面的主语通常用代词it。如:Everyoneishere,aren’tthey?人都到了,是吗?Everythingisready,isn’tit?一切准备好了,是吗?Somebodyiswaitingformeatthegate,aren’tthey?有人在门口等我,是吗?三、当形容词或else(别的,其它的)修饰复合不定代词something,everything,nothing,anybody,nobody等时,该形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词的后面。如:Doyouhaveanythinginterestingtotellme?你有什么有趣的事情要告诉我吗?Ihaveansweredseveralquestions.Doyouhaveanythingelsetoask?我回答了好几个问题。你还有别的要问吗?Isthereanybodyelseintheroom?屋子里还有别的人吗?四、一些有关复合不定代词词组的用法。1.somethinglike有点像,大约,极好的2.somethingof在某种意义上,在某种程度上3.somethingtodowith与……有关4.orsomething大概是……之类的(东西)5.orsomebody诸如此类的人6.alltonothing百分之百(常用来作表语)7.benothingto…对……来说无足轻重,与……不能相比8.fornothing无报酬,免费,无缘无故9.havenothingtodowith…与……无关10.meannothingtodo…对……微不足道11.nexttonothing…几乎什么没有,几乎没有12.nothingbut…除……以外什么都没有,只有,只不过五、none,nothing和noone的区别。none既可指人,也可指物,它只是指在一定范围内,代替上下文已出现过的名词。nothing表示“没有什么东西”,只能指物,不能指人,同时没有任何限制。noone一般用来指人,使用时不受一定范围的限制,后面一般不接引导的介词短语。如:“Haveyouboughtanyclothes?”“None.”“你买衣服了吗?”“一件没买。”“Didanyonecometoseeme?”“Noone.”“有人来看我吗?”“一个人也没有。”“Arethereanybirdsinthetreenow?”“None.”“现在树上有鸟吗?”“一只也没有。”“Whatisinthebag?”“Nothing”“袋子里有什么?”“什么也没有。”[专项训练]用something,anything,nothing,somebody,anybody,nobody,everything,everybody,everyone,someone,anyone,none,noone,no等填空。(有时可能有多个答案)1.There’s______inthisbag,it’sempty.2.Thereis______waitingoutsidetoseeyou.Shedidn’ttellmehername.3.Ididn’tinviteallofthem,but______hascome.4.Iwantedsomemorecoffeebuttherewas______left.5.______ofthepeoplewereafraidofdanger.6.Thereisn’t______watchingTVatthemoment.7.“ShallImakeyou______toeat?”“Yes,please.I’mreallyhungry.I’vehadhardlyallday.”8.It’sasecret.______knowsaboutit.9.Willyouask______tocarrythisbagforme,please?10.“Isthere______wronghere?”“No,______iswrong.”参考答案:1.nothing2.someone/somebody3.everybody/everyone4.none5.None6.anybody/anyone7.something/anything8.Nobody/Noone9.somebody/someone10.anything,nothing

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