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:100005··张士元【】 、。,。 0.3500,0.46%;0.43%0.58%。41.06%;49.38%;(≥60)73.13%。0.7,5.99%;。1997≥505084,0.12.22%。、(0.69%、1.04%),(0.26%)。、≥40,、。 、;。【】 DataanalysisonepidemiologicsurveyofcataractinChina ZHANGShiyuan.DepartmentofOphthalmology,BeijingTongrenHospital,Beijing100730【Abstract】 Objective Toapproachtheprevalenceofage-relatedcataractanditsrelationshipswiththeconditionofexamination,diagnosticcriteriaandgeographicalenvironmentinvariousareas.Methods AccordingtotheWHO'scriteriaofblindnessandlowvision,astatisticalanalysisofanationalsamplesurveyofblindnessandlowvisionwascarriedoutoverthecountry.Results Thenumberofpatientswithage-relatedcataractandvisualacuity0.3inbotheyescalculatedinthewholepopulationwasmorethan5million,theprevalencebeing0.46%.Theprevalenceofblindnessandthatoflowvisionwere0.43%and0.58%respectively.Amongtheblind,41.06%wascausedbycataract,andthelowvisioncausedbycataractwas49.38%.Amongelderlyof≥60years,theproportionoftheblindandlowvisioncausedbycataractwas73.13%.Whenthecataractstandardwasdefinedaslensopacitywithvisualacuity0.7,theprevalenceofcataractwas5.99%inBeijingsamplesurveyatthesuburbarea.Theincidenceofage-relatedcataractinfemaleswassignificantlyhigherthanthatinmales.InasurveyofBeijingsuburbin1997,theprevalenceofcataractamong5084elderlypeopleof≥50yearswithbilateralcorrectedvisualacuity0.1was2.22%.InthesouthernpartofChina,theareaoflowlatitude,especiallyintheplateau,suchasinGuangdongProvince(0.69%)andinTibet(1.04%),theprevalenceofcataractismuchhigherthanthatinnorthernpart,highlatitudeareas,suchasHeilongjiangProvince(0.26%).Acomparativestudyofthecataractprevalenceofelderly≥40yearsintheareasofdifferentlevelsabovetheseaandsunshinetimes,itshowsthatthehigherlevelabovetheseaandlongersunshinetimethehighercataractprevalence.Conclusions Alongersunshinetimeandalargeramountofultravioletirradiationareconsideredastheriskfactorsofcataract.Age-relatedcataractistheleadingcauseofblindnessandthelowvisioninChina.【Keywords】 Cataract Epidemiology 960,124810(1998)。、,。70,,。,,。70。≥6012000,200013700。。19871997,。、·336·19999355 ChinJOphthalmol,September1999,Vol35,No.5,,,,。:(1)(WHO):0.05,≥0.05～0.3。(2)0.7、[1,2]:1982WHO,0.7,,。(3)[3]:,≥50,0.1,,。。,,。,,Chylack[4,5]LOCS(lensopacityclassification)。、、,。,。、WHO,1987[6],1579316,6826,0.43%;9097,0.58%。41.06%;49.38%(1)。:46.07%,11.44%,10.12%,9.73%,5.89%,5.11%(1)。≥60:60.11%,10.84%,9.42%,5.42%,4.35%(2)。,120.3500。1 (%)(%)157931668260.4341.0690970.5849.381579316159231.0146.071 2 60 、[6]1.(WHO),1987,1579316。0.37336,0.46%;2352,0.29%;4984,0.64%。(P0.05)(2);0.052803,0.18%。:3。2 (0.3)(%)79729023520.2978202649840.64157931673360.46·337·19999355 ChinJOphthalmol,September1999,Vol35,No.53 (%)(%)19820.7663.319890.0730.219871.7487.019890.025.019890.5060.019880.9181.019890.4545.21982—66.81984—55.01986—67.719870.1841.1 2.0.7、,9646[7,8],578,5.99%。4413233,5.28%;5233355,6.78%。(P0.001);0.7430,0.71008,10.45%。425,9.63%;583,11.14%。(P0.02)。3.。1997,≥50、0.15084,2.22%[3]。、[6],≥50。(0.05)(4)。,≥50,50～8993.10%。4 (0.05)()(%)0～90.3810～70.3020～130.5530～271.1540～944.0150～31513.4460～71630.5570～83335.5480～31813.5790～120.512344100。0.7、,,(5)。5 (0.7)[8,9](%)40654110.0240～99340.4050～922636.8360～66717225.7970～41725059.9580～1068883.0296465785.99 、[6,10],,,。,6。(1.04%、6 (0.3)(%)(%)25939181750.2941.4420056126570.2845.24779487352830.3638.50509213631520.3041.8730358234780.2633.33519184311300.2530.16358043161210.3438.29506054071300.2631.94316093451930.6155.948756710475110.5848.81508144712250.4447.77601596762660.4439.35509633782100.4155.56521455242840.5454.201090349264980.4653.7811766617148210.7047.906136410153840.6337.83801459163080.3833.62885318056080.6975.53518645383430.6663.7514520113765990.4143.53408912901100.2737.93522197403440.6646.49531477551.0471.43518005742170.4237.80374253651630.4444.661510588540.3661.361508093290.1931.1830871172880.2951.1615793161592373360.4646.07·338·19999355 ChinJOphthalmol,September1999,Vol35,No.50.69%)(0.26%、0.26%、0.19%),、。、≥40,(P0.001)(7)。、、,、。。7 [10](m)＊3503241.7～3873.1(/)＊1258.62375.4～2526.1(cal/cm2/d)＊89227.1139574.3/＊013～49.6117344(%)13.68(16/117)＊＊46.51(160/344)＊＊ ＊,＊＊χ2=72.38,P0.001 ,[3,11]。,,2884、7209。4000m50m,。,≥4014.6%9.1%。60%。、,6“D”:(daylight)、(diabetes)、(diarrhea)、(diet)、(drugs)(don'tknow)。。[11]。45～74,。12141,。23249,A、B2、C、E+β4。56,1,36%。2B2。65～7444%。,。、。,40。WHO[2],,10001。,120。7,1。,0.3500,40～120。22000,30,20,。1000,40～120。,,。1KupferC.Worldblindness&itsprevention.vol3.London:OxfordUniversityPress,1988.23-25.2WHOProgrammeforthepreventionofblindnessanddeafness.Globalinitiativefortheeliminationofavoidableblindness.Geneva:WHO,1997.1-5,8-14.3ZhaoJL,LiJJ,SuiRF,etal.PrevalenceofblindnessandcataractsurgeryinShunyicounty,China.AmJOphthalmol,1998,126:506-514.4ChylackLTJr,LeskeMC,SperdutoR,etal.Lensopacityclassificationsystem.ArchOphthalmol,1988,106:330-334.5ChylackLT,LeeMR,TungWH,etal.ClassificationofhumansenilecataractouschangebytheAmericanCooperativeCataractResearchGroupMethods.InvestOphthalmolVisSci,1983,24:424-431.6ZhangSY,ZhouLH,GaoYQ,etal.Nationalepidemiologicalsurveyof