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学术英语综合Unit5Unit5PhilosophyUnitContentsUnitobjectivesTextATextBTextCAcademiclanguageanddiscourseListeningSpeakingWritingUnitObjectives1.ProfessionalKnowledge•Getacquaintedwithsomeimportantphilosophicalconcepts(e.g.mentalist,epistemologist,phenomenologist,behaviorist,philosophicalpsychology,pragmatist,feminist,ethicsofcare,philosophyofscience,etc.)2.Reading•Summarizethemainideaofatextandgraspthetwosidesofanargument•Understanddifficultsentences(e.g.sentenceswithabstractmeaningorambiguousreference)•AnalyzecomplexorcontroversialissuescriticallyUnit5PhilosophyUnitObjectives3.Listening•Knowhowtousenote-takingforms4.Speaking•Knowhowtoturntoanewpointindiscussions5.Writing•LearntoavoidplagiarisminwritingUnit5PhilosophyUnitObjectives6.Researching•Carryoutasmall-scaleinterviewstudytoexplorehowChinesecollegestudentsperceivephilosophytoday7.Academiclanguageanddiscourse•Acquiresometermsrelatedtophilosophy•Learnsomesignpostlanguageforclassification•ComprehendstylisticdifferencesbetweenformalandinformalEnglishandacquiresomeformalexpressionsUnit5PhilosophyTextALead-inTheAmericansciencefictionmovieMatrix（黑客帝国）describesaworlddominatedbyrobotswhomanipulatedhumanbeings.Doyouthinksuchaworldwouldonedaycometoreality?Whyorwhynot?Discussthesequestionswitheachother.ThenreadTextAtoseehowthewritermightanswerthesequestions.Unit5PhilosophyTextAOverview1.Learnmoreaboutthetwophilosophicalterms:•mentalism•behaviorismUnit5PhilosophyTextASupplementaryinformation1.MentalistMentalistsarepeoplewhobelieveinmentalism.Mentalismisaschoolofphilosophywhichbelievesthatmentalphenomenacannotbeexplainedbyphysicallaws;instead,physicalthingscanbeexplainedintermsofmentalthingswhichexistinarealsense.Somementalistsclaimthatphysicalobjectsaremerelysensationsorperceptions,orthatthewholematerialworldismentalinnature.Unit5PhilosophyTextASupplementaryinformation2.BehavioristBehavioristsarepeoplewhobelieveinbehaviorism.Behaviorismisaphilosophicaltheorywhichbelievesthatmentalstatescanbeanalyzedintermsofpubliclyobservableactions;inotherwords,behaviorcanbedescribedandexplainedwithoutreferencetomentaleventsorpsychologicalprocesses.Thisschoolofthoughttendstoemphasizetheexternalsourcesofbehavioranddismisstheinternalsources(themind).Themindhencehasnoindependentsignificance.Unit5PhilosophyTextAOverview2.DoTask1CriticalReadingandThinkingtohaveanoverviewofthetext.consciousmindsineverywayasifitunderstandsthinkwhattheydowhatheorshesaysanddoesinnerlifeUnit5PhilosophyTextAIn-depthanalysis1.ExploredifficultsentencesinTextA.Unit5PhilosophyTextADifficultsentences•Incountlessmovies,computersplayastarringrole.(Para.1)•Muchofthisisstillsciencefiction.(Para.1)•Boththefantasyandthefactwouldhaveastonishedourgrandparents.(Para.1)•Ifthecomputerreallyisa“materialmind”,thennotonlymustwerethinkthisdistinction,butwehavebrokenitwithourowncreations.(Para.2)•ThefirstresponseI’llcallmentalist,forthesakeofalabel.(Para.4)•Wouldn’tyouhaveasmuchreasonforthinkingthatMhadamindasyouhaveforthinkingthatyourmotherdoes?…Butdidyouevercheckthatyourmotherhasgotbraintissueinherhead?(Para.8)Unit5PhilosophyTextADifficultsentences•NotifIknowthatit’sgotsiliconchipsinitshead.(Para.8)•Ifit’stheevidenceofwhatyourmotherdoesthatentitlesyoutobelieveshehasamind(andnot,say,aninnateprejudice),…(Para.9)•Itseemsthatourconvictionthatpeoplehavemindsisnobetterbasedthanthebeliefthattherecouldbeunderstandingcomputers.(Para.12)•...inthesameboat.(Para.12)•Itistimenowtofindourwayupthattowertohavealookaround.(Para.15)Unit5PhilosophyTextAIn-depthanalysis2.DiscussingroupsaboutthequestionsinTask3/Criticalreadingandthinking:Whatisyourpointofview–Docomputershaveminds?Comparetheviewsinthetextwithyourownanswers.Unit5PhilosophyTextBTextanalysis1.Whatisthewriter’sfocus?Philosophyingeneraloranybranchofphilosophy?LearnmoreaboutAmericanphilosophyAmericanphilosophycouldrefertophilosophicalworkdonebyAmericanswithinthegeographicalconfinesoftheUnitedStates.Itcouldalsorefertothetypesofphilosophicalconcernsandproblemsaddressed;namely,thefocusontheinterconnectionsoftheoryandpractice,onexperienceandcommunity.Althoughdifferentconcernsandthemeshaveoccurredatdifferenttimes,AmericanphilosophybothreflectsandshapescollectiveAmericanidentityoverthehistoryofthenation.TraditionalAmericanphilosophyfeaturedGeorgeHerbertMead,Peirce,James,Tufts,andDeweywhosephilosophicalthoughtsledtotheestablishmentofPragmatism.Unit5PhilosophyTextBTextanalysis2.SummarizethemainfeaturesofAmericanphilosophytodayonthebasisofTask1/Criticalreadingandthinking/TextB.3.CompareyouranswerstothequestionsinTask2/CriticalReadingandThinking/TextB.Unit5PhilosophyTextBDifficultsentencesStatisticalandmathematicaltechniquesofanalysisvs.amorediscursive,evennarrative,styleinsocialsciences(Para.3)...theunexaminedlifeisnotworthliving...(Para.11)Likeallsuchlabels,thesedistinctionscanbepushedtoofar.(Para.4)Herethebestadviceis:userbeware.(Para.10):Unit5PhilosophyTextBResearchingFormintoteamstodothetaskinResearching/TextB.Followthesesteps:•Reporttheresearchfindingstothegroup•Discussthefindingswithinthegroup•Draw