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186200211TransactionsoftheCSAEVol.18No.6Nov.2002,,,():,,CWSICWSI,,CWSI,,,,,:;(CWSI);:S181;S512.1:A:100226819(2002)0620013205:2002204223:2002210217:(90102014);863(2001AA242061);(CXIOG2C00205202,CXIOG2E01204):(1971-),,,,,100101Email:yuangf@igsnrr.ac.cn[1],,[2]CWSI(CropWaterStressIndex),,CWSI,[3,4]CWSI,,,,,;,,,CWSI,CWSI,1CWSI(Idso)[5]CWSI=(Tc-Ta)-(Tc-Ta)11(Tc-Ta)u1-(Tc-Ta)11(1)Tc,;Ta,;(Tc-Ta)11(),;(Tc-Ta)u1,CWSI,,Idso,[5](Tc-Ta)u1=A+BõVPD(2)VPD;AB,,Idso(Tc-Ta)u1=A+BõVPG(3)VPGTaTa+A(1)(2)(3)CWSI,,[6](Tc-Ta)11=ra(Rn-G)QCpõC(1+rcpöra)$+C(1+rcpöra)-VPD$+C(1+rcpöra)(4)(Tc-Ta)u1=ra(Rn-G)QCp(5)Rn,Wõm-2;G,Wõm-2;Q,kgõm-3;Cp,Jö(kgõ);C,Paö;$,Paö;ra,söm;rcp,söm,(1)(4)(5)CWSI,,,;,31©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,,2,,,CWSI,,,,199920008,80%(1)70%(2)60%(3)50%(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)CWSI,(MinoltaöLandCyclopsCompac3),8,814Lm,[7]2m,18,CWSI,,,,,,,13:00(),(),1h33.1CWSI3.1.1,,1,[7],(2)A,,40.52,1.27,1.36,1.25;B-0.16,-0.21,-0.15,-0.15[7]Idso((3)),,CWSI3.1.2,,,[7],13.01mös18.03söm26.85söm23.22söm,CWSI,2mös,[8];2mös,ra,ThomOliver[9],,,,[10],0.2Rn,0.1Rn[6],$,,,Jackson[6],3.2113:00()CWSI:,,CWSI;,,,,,CWSI,,;,CWSI,,,01,Gardner[11],,,,,,,30hPa,CWSI,,,,CWSI,412002©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,;,CWSI,1CWSI(2000,)Fig.1MiddayCWSIforwinterwheatinNorthChinaPlainunderdifferentwaterstressconditions,CWSI,3.3CWSI,,,,,CWSI,CWSI25CWSI2CWSIFig.2RelationshipbetweenCWSIandsoilwatercontent2CWSI,RAW(),RAW,CWSI,,,CWSI,,,CWSI3CWSI(LWP)Fig.3RelationshipbetweenmiddayCWSIandLeafWaterPotential(LWP)underdifferentwaterstressconditions3CWSI,,[12][13],CWSI4CWSI,,,,CWSI,4,CWSI4CWSI(Pn)Fig.4RelationshipbetweenCWSIandNetphotosynthesisunderdifferentwaterstressconditions516:©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.CWSI,13(),520005256CWSI,,,,CWSI5CWSI(rs)Fig.5RelationshipbetweenCWSIandleafstomataresistanceCWSI,,,,4,,CWSICWSI,,,,01,,,,,CWSI,,,CWSI,,,,,,,,[][1]JacksonRD.Canopytemperatureandcropwaterstress[M].In:HillelDed.AdvancesinIrrigation.AcademicPress,NewYork,1982,1:4385.[2],,.[J].,2001,16(1):4954.[3]JonesHG.Useofinfraredthermometryforestimationofstomatalconductanceasapossibleaidtoirrigationscheduling[J].AgriculturalandForestMeteorology,1999,95:139149.[4]AlvesI,PereiraLS.Non2water2stressedbaselinesforirrigationschedulingwithinfraredthermometers:Anewapproach[J].IrrigationScience,2000,19:101106.[5]IdsoSB,JacksonRD,PinterPJJr,etal.Normalizingthestressdegreedayforenvironmentalvariability[J].AgriculturalMeteorology,1981,24:4555.[6]JacksonRD,KustasWP,ChoudhuryBJ.Areexaminationofthecropwaterstressindex[J].IrrigationScience,1988,9:309317.[7],,.[J].,2002,22(6):930934.[8]MonteithJL.Principlesofenviromentalphysics[M].London:EdwardArnold,1973,134149.[9]ThomAS,OliverHR.Onpenman’sequationforestimatingregionalevaporation[J].QuarterlyJournalofRoyalMeteorologySociety,1977,103:345357.[10]NickersonEC,SmileyVE.Surfacelayerandenergybudgetparameterizationsformesoscalemodels[J].JournalofAppliedMeteorology,1975,14:297300.[11]GardnerBR,NielsenDC,ShockCC.Infraredthermometryandthecropwaterstressindex.I.History,theory,andbaselines[J].JournalofProductionAgriculture,1992,5:462466.[12]HowellTA,MusickJT,TolkJA.Canopytemperatureofirrigatedwinterwheat[J].TransoftheASAE,1986,29,16921698,1706.[13]KramerPJ.Measurementofplantwaterstatus:historicalperspectivesandcurrentconcerns[J].IrrigationScience,1988,9:275287.612002©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.WinterWheatWaterStressDetectionBasedonCanopySurfaceTemperatureYuanGuofu,LuoYi,SunXiaomin,TangDengyin(InstituteofGeographicalSciencesandNaturalResourceResearch,CAS,Beijing100101,China)Abstract:Infraredthermocoupletemperature(IRT)sensorcanestimatecropcanopysurfacetemperaturebymeasuringinfraredradiation,onthisbasis,cropwaterstresscanbemonitored.Inthispaper,theCropWaterStressIndex(CWSI)wasapplied,whichcanbecalculatedbyusingthecropcanopysurfacetemperaturefromIRTsensor,todetectthewaterstressforwinterwheat(TriticumaestivumL.)inNorthChinaPlain(NCP).ThetheoreticalandempiricalmodelsofCWSIwerecomparedinthispaper.TheresultsindicatethattheempiricalmodelisnotthebettertooltodetectwinterwheatwaterstressinNCPduetoitslargefluctuation.TherelationshipbetweentheoreticalCWSIandtheotherparametersofthecropwaterstress,includingsoilmoisture,leafwaterpotential,leafstomataresistancesandleafnetphotosynthesis,wasanalyzed.TheclosecorrelationbetweenthemshowsthatthetheoreticalCWSIisagoodindicatortodetectwinterwheatwaterstressinNCP.ThispapergivesthemainparametersforcalculatingCWSIforwinterwheatinNCP.ConsideringthefeasibilityofapplyingCWSI,thetwowaystoimproveCWSIformonitoringwinterwheatwaterstressandirrigationschedulingweresuggested.Keywords:canopytemperature;cropwaterstressindex(CWSI);winterwheat716:©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.