V-ed作宾补

过去分词(一般是及物动词)可放在做宾语的名词或代词后作宾补，表被动意义或完成意义，有时两者兼而有之。做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。过去分词作宾补句式：主语+Vt.+宾语+宾补（done）ⅠⅡ.过去分词可用在三类动词的宾语后作宾补:1.表感觉或心理状态的动词:see,hear,feel,watch,notice,think,find等。e.g.①Iwasgladtoseethechildwelltakencareof.我很高兴看到孩子受到了很好的照料。②Whenhearrived,hefoundalltheworkfinished.当他到达的时候，他发现所有的工作都做完了。③Sheheardthedoorshutwithabigbang.她听到门咣的一声关上了。④Shefeltagreatloadtakenoffhermind.她觉得思想上去掉了一个重担。2.表示使役的动词，如：get,let,make,help,have,keep，leave(使…处于…状态)等。①Hemadeitknowntoeveryonethathewasright.他使每个人都明白他是对的。②Hekeptthewindowsshutalltheyear.他全年都关着窗户。③Theygottheirtelephoneputinonlyyesterday他们家昨天才装电话。④Youmustletyourhomeworkfinishedbeforegoinghome.回家之前，你必须把作业写完。3.表“希望”、“愿望”等意义的动词，如：want,wish,like,expect等。①Theteactherexpectedallthestudentswellpreparedfortheexam.老师希望所有学生都为考试作好了准备。②Hewantshiscompositionreadbyeveryclassroom.他想每个同学都读他的作文。①Theyleftwithallthedishesuntouched.他们走了所有的菜都没动过。②Withtheproblemssettled,heleftquitehappy.问题都解决了，他感到很高兴。Ⅲ.动词过去分词也可用在介词后的宾语做补语。主要用于:with/without+宾语+V.过去分词(:复合结构)Ⅳ.注意：1.keep,leave表状态①Theykeptthedoorlockedforalongtime.他们把门锁了很长一段时间。②Don’tleavethewindowsbrokenlikethisallthetime.不要让窗户一直像这样破着。2.have/get+宾语+V.过去分词（宾补）：表：①让别人（为自己）做某事②使某事完成③遭遇某种不幸①Iamgoingtohave/getthebikemended.我要找人修一修自行车。②Wemusthave/gettheworkfinishedbeforedark.我们必须在天黑前完成这项任务。③Ihad/gotmybikestolenlastnight.昨晚我的自行车被盗了。havesb./sth.doingsth.使某人/某事一直做某事或处于某种状态havesb.dosth.让某人做某事havesthdone使某事被做主动被动getsb.todosth.让/使某人做…getsth.Done使某事被做主动被动3.make+宾语+V.过去分词（表结果）Iraisedmyvoicetomakemyselfheard.我提高嗓门以便别人听到我的话。TheymanagedtomakethemselvesunderstoodusingverysimpleEnglish.他用了很简单的英语来设法使自己被理解。4.过去分词、现在分词、不定式作宾语补足语的区别：语态上：宾语与done:被动关系宾语+doing:主动关系宾语+(to)do:主动关系时间上：do动作全过程已结束v-ing动作正在进行done表被动完成Isawhim_______inbed.Isawhim_____byadog.sleepingbittenIheardsomeone_______me.Iheardmyname______.callingcalled过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系现在分词与宾语之间是主谓关系Isawhertakenoutoftheclassroom.Isawhercomeintotheclassroom.Withalltheproblemssettled,hefelthappy.Withmanyproblemstosettle,hefeltworried.过去分词强调与宾语之间的被动关系，表示动作已完成。不定式强调动作发生的全过程、或表将来要发生的事情。do/v-ing/pp.作宾补的区别：Isawhimtakeawaythedictionaryjustnow.(拿走了那本字典)Isawhimtakingawaythedictionaryonthedesk.(正在拿那本字典)Isawthedictionarytakenawaybyachild.(字典被拿走了)do动作全过程已结束v-ing动作正在进行pp.表被动完成1.使役动词let,have,make等后作宾补。e.g.Thespeakerraisedhervoicebutstillcouldn’tmakethemhearwhatshesaid.Hisparentslethimdowhateverhewants.2.感官动词see,watch,lookat,notice,find,observe,hear,listento,smell,feel等后作宾补。e.g.Ididn’tnoticehimcomeintotheroom.Alltheboysseetheplaneflyaway.省略to的情况：即：lethavemakesb.dosh.(主动)1.2.see,watch,lookat,notice,find,observe,hear,listento,feelsb.dosh.(主动)注意：在被动语态中，to不能省掉。Isawhimdance.=Hewasseentodance.Thebossmadethemworkthewholenight.=Theyweremadetoworkthewholenight.Shefoundhernecklacegoneonherwayhome.Ifoundtheleavesfallentwodaysago.5.少数不及物动词如go,change,fall等的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表示动作_____。因此，宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上的被动关系。完成Oncomingin,Ifoundagirlseatedinthecorner.Ilikeherdressedinred.6.动词seat,hide,dress等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示宾语的_____，而不表示被动或完成的意义。状态练习1.金榜学案：第四课时练习2.语法练习3.P50(SB)WhenIenteredthehouseIfoundthetelephone_________,thewindows_______andthedoor_______.Iwasovercomebythesmell.Ihadtogetthekitchen_______,thecooker_______andthefloor_______beforeIcouldlookintotheproblem.MrsSmithhadhadthehouse_________and_______afewmonthsagosoitshouldhavebeensafe.Nobodyshouldhavebeenabletoenterwithoutpermission.ddiscoveredbrokenopenedcleanedrepairedwashedexaminedlocked练习P50.2题Ihadthelocks______andthewindows_______beforeIleft.MrsSmithwasverygrateful.Shehadonlyhadthreevaluablejewels______andasshehadhadthem______shewasnottooupset.Shethinksthegardenermayhavestolenakeyandbethepersonwhobrokeintothehouse.Signed:PoliceConstableStephenBriggs.Date:21/6/2009dtestedmendedstoleninsured