English-Punctuation(英文标点符号之使用)

EnglishPunctuationLouisLuoMay.31,2010DefinitionofPunctuationFrequentlyUsedPunctuationMarksChinesePunctuationVSEnglishPunctuationEnglishPunctuationIntroductionExercisesTableofContentPunctuationMarkDefinition:书面语中一系列表示停顿，节奏和语调的符号，用以表示句子或者句子成分间的隔离或特指。如：Thedarkdaysaredrawingtoanend.Soonitwillbespringoncemore.黑暗的日子正在结束。春天又将来临。（句号在两个句子间起隔离作用）Hewasfinallyeliminatedinthesemi-final,thoughhehadpresentedveryspectacularperformanceinthequalificationphase.逗号亦起隔离作用常用标点符号常用标点符号Comma,Period.Colon:Semi-colon;QuestionMark?ExclamationMark!Dash—QuotationMark“”‘’Hyphen-Apostrophe’英文标点和汉语标点的区别1.英语句号为实心圆点，而汉语句号为空心圆圈。2.英语中有省字符’,而汉语中没有3.汉语中有书名号，而英语中没有。英语的书名号通常用首字母大写，斜体字或者引号表示.如：OliverTwistisamongCharlesDickens’smasterpieces.Thenovel,GoneWithTheWindhaswonitsauthor,MargaretMitchellgreatfameandwealth.4.汉语中的省略号为……,而英文中的删字符为…如：Manycelebritieshavelefttheirstepsonthisgreatisland:LeonardoDa’Vinci,KarlMarx,Beethoven…andmanystorieshavebeenrecorded.5.汉语中有顿号，英语中没有1.Period句号(.)(1)在句子的末尾，表示说完一句话后的停顿a.MilwaukeeBucksreapsanarrowvictoryinthegameagainstDallasMavericks.密尔沃基雄鹿队在与小牛队的比赛中险胜对手b.TheAustralianLaborPartyoustedPMJohnHoward's11-year-oldgovernmentinthegeneralelection.澳大利亚工党在大选中取代了首相约翰.霍华德执政了11年的政府（2）用在一些缩略此后，表省略kg.gramsa.m.antemeridiem(Latin)p.m.postmeridiem(Latin)Mr.MisterMrs.MistressPeriod-句号2.Comma逗号（，）（1）用在并列词语间HistoricalrelicsliketheNotre－DameCathedral,theVersaillesPalace,theTriumphalArch,theLouvreMuseumandtheEffielTowerarealllocatedinParis.巴黎圣母院，凡尔赛宫，凯旋门，卢浮宫，埃菲尔铁塔这些历史遗迹都在巴黎。（2）用于描述性定语之前Thegroundwascoveredwithcrocuses,yellow,whiteandviolet.草地上开满了藏红花，有黄色，白色还有紫色的。(3)用在同位语之前Now,herecomestheSecretary-GeneralofCommunistPartyofChina,Chairman,andpresidentoftheCentralMilitaryCommittee,HuJintao.现在出场的是中共中央总书记，国家主席，中央军委主席，胡锦涛。（4）用在分词短语或者状语之后Havingbeendeniedbytenpersons,thesalesmanneedtorecollecthiscourage.已经被十个人拒绝了，这个销售人员需要重拾信心。Inthelateafternoon,the“Niggers”cometopickupthegreensontheground.黄昏的时候，黑人开始到街上去捡菜叶。(5)用在有关联词连接的两个句子之间Theheroisdead,buthisnamelives.英雄虽亡，英明尤存。Finallythefarmerworkersgettheirsalary,thoughitwasdeemedimpossible.最后，农民工拿到了工资，虽然这曾经被视为不大可能Comma-逗号3.Colon冒号(:)(1)表较长停顿，用来列举实物:Shecametohatetheendlesschoresthatswallowedhertime:washingdishes,makingbeds,scrubbingfloors.她开始厌倦这些没完没了，吞噬她时间的家务了：洗完，铺床，搓地板(2)用来解释前文Thisguyhasbeenagiganticloser:hiscompanygoesbankrupt,hiswifebetrayshimandelopeswithhisfriend.(3)在正式问题中用于引术动词之后ShesaidwithcomprehensibleEnglish:“GoodMorning,Sir.”她用听得懂的英语说“早上好，先生”。(4)表示时间（阿拉伯数字）18：4520：00Colon-冒号4.Semi-colon分号(;)(1)用于两个意思比较接近的分句间，用来替代逗号加连接词Themoonwentdown;thestarsgrewpale.替代“Themoonwentdown,andthestarsgrewpale.”月亮落了，星星也变得暗淡了JohnF.Kerrywasaccusedofbeingtoowishy-washy;nowonderhelostinthegeneralelection.替代：“JohnF.Kerrywasaccusedofbeingtoowishy-washy，sonowonderhelostinthegeneralelection.”JohnF.Kerry被指控缺乏特点与决心；难怪在大选中落选Semi-colon-分号5.QuestionMark问号(?)用于提问，用于疑问句之后WhoisthegreatestdramatistinEnglishhistory?谁是英国历史上最伟大的剧作家？Howcanyouputupwithhisprejudiceforsomanyyears?你怎么能忍受他的偏见这么多年？QuestionMark-问号6.ExclamationMark感叹号(!)(1)表示感叹Whatashame!好遗憾啊！Youcanhardlyimaginehowdifficultitistoturnablindeyetoherflirtation!你很难想象对她的调情熟视无睹有多么艰难！(2)表示呼吁Help!Somebody,helpme!来人，救命啊！Stopprobing!不要盘根问底了。ExclamationMark-感叹号7.Dash破折号（—）（1）思想上突然的中断或者转移YouknowI’llgetpromotionsoonandI’llbuyyouanecklace—oh,myGod,Iknowyouwon’ttrustmeanymore.(2)与括号相似，但是不如括号那么正式（多表补充）Marycomeseveryweek—OnThursdays—tohelpwiththelaundry.玛丽每周-每周二-都来帮助洗衣服(3)表示附加或者补充Shewasseventeenthen—abeautifulyoungcreature.她那是十七岁—还是一个年轻美丽的姑娘（4）表示从……到……9a.m.—5p.m.1921-1949page221-page345Dash-破折号8.QuotationMark(““)(‘’)(1)表示文中的直接引语“I’vebeenplaguedbytheheadacheforacoupledays,”saidJuliet.(2)表示特指（单词/短语)Howdoyouspell“imperialism”?(3)书名和诗文名HaveyoureadDanielDefoe’s“RobisonCrusoe”?你有读过丹尼尔.笛福的《鲁宾逊漂流记》吗？QuotationMark-引号1.请判断以下句子是否存在标点符号的误用：①I’msorry,theorderhasnotbeenshipped.Wouldyoupleasewaitforthreemoredays.②WehavesentthecouponwithcodeFQSA5015toyouraccount,pleasecheck!③JackLeewasnominatedtheVPofXcompany;itrainstoday.Exercises请为以下句子填上标点符号以及大小写bycontinuousobservationofyouguysdailyreportIspotthefollowingproblems1.pleasemakethesubjectofyouremailforyourdailyreportmorecomprehensibleandstandardIproposethatyousetitasfollowscsdinterndailyreport-gracema-2010-4-272.pleasemakethetitleofyourreportmuchmoreclearer,suchasCSDInternDailyReport-GraceMa-2010-4-273.inoticethatcontentsforparttwoandpartthreeofyourdailyreportmayholdsomethingincommonThusIedittheformatofthedailyreportasisattachedSojustusethenewformatfromnowon4.HaveyoueverreadmyemailhowlongshouldIwaituntilyouguysunderstandhowtomakeareportExercisesTheend!Thanksforattention!