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Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?1.一般过去时:表示过去时间做某事或存在的状态.(1)当谓语动词是be时,其句式如下;a.肯定句:主语+was/were+其它Tomwasathomeyesterday.b.否定句:在be后加not:主语+was/were+not+其它.TheywerenotintheUSAlastsummer.c.一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+其它?---WasTomathomeyesterday?---Yes,hewas./No,hewasn’t.---WeretheyintheUSAlastsummer?--Yes,theywere../No,theyweren’t.d.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其它?WherewasTomyesterday?Whereweretheylastsummer?(2)当谓语动词是行为动词时,其句式如下:a.肯定句:主语+动词过去式+其它.Ginawenttothebeachyesterday.b.否定句:主语+didn’t+动词原形+其它.Ginadidn’tgotothebeachyesterday.c.一般疑问句:Did+主语+动词原形+其它?---DidGinagotothebeachyesterday?--Yes,shedid./No,shedidn’t.d.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它?WheredidGinagoyesterday?2.hill小山Thehousestandsonahill.Mountain大山HewantstoseeHimalayamountains(喜马拉雅山).3.gowithsb和某人一起去goto+某地+withsb和某人一起去某地Didyougowithanyone?Iwanttogotothemountainswithmyfamily.4.some一些,一般用于肯定句和表示委婉语气疑问句中.Any一些,一般用于否定句,疑问句和条件句中.a.常见复合不定代词有:something一些东西,anything一些东西,everything每件东西,nothing没有东西,somebody=someone某人,anybody=anyone某人,everybody=everyone每人,somewhere某地,anywhere某地,everywhere每人地方,nowhere没有地方b.复合不定代词+定语(形容词,动词不定式等)somethinginteresting一些有趣的东西,somethingtoeat一些吃的东西5,few很少,几乎没有,表否定,后接可数名词复数.afew一些,表肯定,后接可数名词复数.quiteafew相当多,表肯定,后接可数名词复数.little小的,后可以接可数名词;很少,几乎没有,表否定,后接不可数名词单数.alittle有点儿=kindof.一些,表肯定,后接不可数名词单数.quitealittle相当多,表肯定,后接不可数名词单数.Ihavefewgoodfriends.Jimhasafewstorybooks.Thereislittlewaterinthebowl.Ifeelalittletiredafterschool.Thereisalittlewaterinthebowl.6.most后直接+名词,mostpeople大多数人mostof+限定词+名词,作主语时,谓语动词单复数由它所修饰的名词单复数确定.mostof后直接+宾格复数代词,mostofus我们中大多数人Mostofhermoneywasstolen(被偷).Mostofherbookswerestolen.7.反身代词Myself我自己,ourselves我们自己,yourself你自己,yourselves你们自己,himself他自己,herself她自己,itself它自己,themselves他(她,它)们自己8.nothingbut除了---外,没有---,只是,仅仅.有时两词还可以分开.Therewasnothingmuchtodointheeveningbutread.晚上除了读书外,就没有许多要做的事.9.decidetodosth决定做某事decidenottodosth决定不做某事Wedecidedtogotothebeachnearourhotel.10.trytodosth尽力做某事trydoingsth尝试做某事Pleasetrytofinishthisworkinthirtyminutes.MysisterandItriedparagliding.11.feellike+名词/代词/V—ing/句子.觉得,想吃,想做,摸起来像IfeltlikeIwasabird.12.walk与介词搭配的词组有:walkdown/along沿着---走,walkaround/round绕着---走,walkby/past走过,walkacross/through步行穿过---,walkinto走进---,walkon走---上walk=goforawalk=take/gaveawalk散步13.因为because+句子becauseof+名词/代词/V—ing形式BecauseIamsotired,Iwanttohavearest.Heisn’tatschoolbecauseoftheillness.14.below与under区别:(1)两者都可以表示“在---正下方”，不表示正下方,则用below.(2)below表示”少于,低于”,主要用于表示温度,高度以及有纵向标准可比的情况.其它数量方面的“少于”多用under.Thetemperatureistwodegreesbelowzero.温度是零下2度.Therewereunderfortypeopleatthemeeting.参加会议的人不足40人.(3)表示一物被另一物覆2,则常用underThelostcityisundertheforest.消失的城市就在森林的下面.Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?1.howoften多久一次howlong多长howsoon多久以后howfar多远2.once一次,twice两次,三次或三次以上用“基数词+times”.如threetimes,fourtimes,onceaweek一周一次,twiceaweek一周两次,threetimesamonth一个月三次,onetothreetimesaweek一周一到三次,threeorfourtimesaweek一周三次或四次3.时间频度副词:放在be动词,情态动词,助动词之后;行为动词之前.always总是(100％)›usually通常(75％)›often经常(50％)›sometimes有时(20％)›seldom很少(10％)›hardlyever几乎不(2％)›never从不(0)Itissometimeshothere.Ineverplaycomputergames.4.everyday每天,在句中常作时间状语everyday形容词,日常的,只作定语修饰名词.Igotoschoolbybikeeveryday.It’snoeasytolearneverydayEnglish(日常英语).5.health不可数名词,健康healthy形容词,健康的beingood/badhealth身体好/不好keephealthy=keepingoodhealth保持健康6.begoodfor---有益bebadfor---有害begoodat擅长于begoodto—-好begoodwith---有办法,---相处得好7.here引导的倒装句(1)当主语是名词时用完全倒装.Here+谓语动词+主语(名词).Heregoesthebell.铃响了.Hereisyouletter.Herearemynewfriends.(2)当主语是代词时,用部分倒装.Here+主语代词+谓语动词.Hereitis.它在这儿.Hereyouare.给你.8.not---atal一点也不,根本不Idon’tlikethefilmatall.9.用了“虽然”although,就不要“但是”but;反之用了but,就不要although.Althoughheisrich,heisnothappy.10forexample只例举同类的人或事物中的一个例子,后要打逗号。suchas列举同类的人或事物中的几个例子,后不要打逗号.Forexample,ballgamesareverypopularallovertheworld.Todaymanypeopleenjoykeeppets,suchasdogs,cats,birdsorevensnakes.11.die动词,死:dead形容词,死的:death名词,死:dying形容词,临死的.Mygrandpadiedlastyear,allmyfamilywereverysad.ThedeathofherpetdogmakesLucysadforseveraldays.12.fifteenpercent15％,forty—fivepercent45％Wefoundthatonlyfifteenpercentofourstudentsexerciseeveryday.13.Howcome?怎么会呢?既可独立使用,也可在其后接句子.14.theanswertothisproblem这个个问题的答案thequestionsaboutourdailyhabits关于我们日常习惯的问题Howcometheskyissobluetoday?--Ididn’teveneatlunchtoday.–Really?Howcome.15.Oldhabitsdiehard.旧习难改.it’stoolate为时太晚,来不及了beforeit’stoolate不要到来不及的时候16.atleast至少morethan多于lessthan少于Morethantenboyswereplayingfootballoverthere.