1四年级英语上册语法知识总结缩写与完全形式的转换let’s=letuswho’s=whoiswhere’s=whereiswhat’s=whatisit’s=itishe’s=heisshe’s=sheisI’m=Iamcan’t=cannotdon’t=donotisn’t=isnotaren’t=arenotthey’re=theyaredoesn’t=doesnot反义词类big(反义词)small/littleshort(反义词)tall/longstrong(反义词)weak/thinnew(反义词)old/youngfat(反义词)thinopen(反义词)closeturnon(反义)turnoffright(反义)wrong/leftlike(反义词)hateheavy(反义词)light名词变复数规则1、一般情况下直接在名词词尾加上-s。eg:book—booksdog—dogscake—cakes2、以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词,在名词后面加上-es。eg:bus—busesclass—classesglass—glassesbox—boxesfox—foxeswish(希望)—wishesfish(鱼)—fisheswatch(手表)—watches3、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,变y为i再加上-es。story(故事)storiescandy(糖果)—candies4、以f或者fe结尾的名词,变f/fe为v再加上-es。2eg:knife(小刀)—kniveswolf(狼)—wolves动词变化doing(现在分词/动名词)的规则1、一般在动词词尾加上-ing。eg:play(玩)—playing【特殊】see(看见)—seeingclean(打扫)—cleaninghelp(帮助)—helpingeat(吃)—eatingturn(转变)—turning2、以字母e结尾的动词,把e去掉再加上-ing。eg:come(来)—cominglike(喜欢)—liknghave(有)—havinglove(喜欢)—lovingtake(拿走)—taking3、以一个..元音字母加上一个..辅音字母结尾的动词,一般情况下,双写该辅音字母再加上-ing。eg:put(放)—puttingswim(游泳)—swimminghop(跳高)—hopping注意:1、have(第三人称单数)haslike(第三人称单数)likesspeak(第三人称单数)speaks2、speak+某种语言表示:“说……语言”3、There+be+某物+某处表示:“某处有某物”4、五个元音字母:AaEeIiOoUu元音音素开头的单个可数名词前要用冠词an