毕业设计外文翻译

外文翻译专业名称：土木工程年级班级：道桥08-4班学生姓名：张银指导教师：徐平河南理工大学土木工程学院二○一二年六月十一日DYNAMICBEHAVIOROFPORTALPARTOFTRAFFICTUNNELINHIGH-INTENSITYEARTHQUAKEAREA交通隧道在高烈度地震区洞口动态行为的探究CopyrightASCE2009InternationnalConferenceonTransportationEngineer2009(ICTE2009)1DYNAMICBEHAVIOROFPORTALPARTOFTRAFFICTUNNELINHIGH-INTENSITYEARTHQUAKEAREASHENYusheng1,2,GAOBo2,WANGZhengzheng2,WANGYingxue21PostdoctoralStationofMechanics,SouthwestJiaotongUniversity,Chengdu610031,China;email:[e-mail].2SchoolofCivilEngineering,SouthwestJiaotongUniversity,Chengdu610031,China;Abstract:Alarge-scaleshakingtabletestisaccomplishedonthedynamicresponseandfailuremodesofthetunnel.Theresultisthatthelargestdynamicresponseoftunnelstructureappearsattheside-wallandtheshearorfracturingdamageappearsattheinvert,whichisbasicallythesamedamagestatewithtunnelengineeringin5.12WenChuanearthquake.Theinternalforcevalueoftunnelstructureminishandthenumbersofcracksreduceaftertheshockabsorptionlayerissetupinmodeltest,andoptimizethestressstateoftunnel.Thesurfacecracksoftunnelmodelappearfirstlyatbothspandrelsanddevelopdiagonallyatthetunnelentrance.ThecracksariseX-shapedistributiononthesurfaceofthemodelsoil.Therearealotofcircumferentialcracksattunnelportalundertheconditionofdynamicloads,andmostoflongitudinalcracksorobliquecrackscanterminatewhenextendingtothecircumferentialcracks.Sothatitisproposedthatthereshouldbedesignedmoreshockabsorptionseamsinthevicinityoftunnelportalinordertobepropitioustodampingtheearthquakeenergy.Keywords:dynamicbehavior,shakingtabletest,high-intensityearthquakearea1IntroductionItisregrettablethatthepeople'slivesandpropertyhavesufferedgreatlossesduring5•12WenchuanearthquakeinSichuanprovince.Atthesametimetheciviltransportengineeringaredamagedtosomeextent,includingthetunnelengineering.Tunneldamagesurveyshowsthatthetunnelportalsectionisthemosteasilytodestroyandisthemostweakparts(Li,2006).Especiallyatthehigh-intensityearthquakearea,thestabilityanalysisofthetunnelentrance,portalandsideslopewillbefocusedoninthefieldoftheanti-seismictechnologyresearch.ThemechanicalcharacteristicoftunnelliningisaconsiderablycomplexCopyrightASCE2009InternationnalConferenceonTransportationEngineer2009(ICTE2009)2process,thegradeofsurroundingrockisvariousandthereareavarietyofnon-linearfeatures(Luo,2008).Itisaeffectivewaytoresearchthetunnelanti-seismiccharacteristicbytheshakingtabletestintheearthquakeengineeringfieldbecausetheestablishmentofnon-linearequationsofmotionandthenumericalsolutionisstillnotperfect(Chen,2006;Gong,2002;Yang,2003;Zhou,2005).Itisinevitabletoencounteranyproblemsthatthetunnelprojectscouldbepossibletoadoptedinthevicinityofthefaultorhigh-intensityearthquakeareaduringtheconstructionofthetrafficengineeringinWesternChinaregions(inparticulartheSouth-West).ThelinefromYa’antoLuguhighwayisacrosstheseismicfaultsseveraltimes(XianshuiRiverfaultzoneandAnningRiverfaultzone)andtheseismicfortificationintensityisfromⅦdegreestoⅨdegrees,inparticularlyⅩdegreesatlocalregions.Thepeakaccelerationofgroundmotionisfrom0.15g~0.4g,whichparametersaretherelativelargeinthecurrentconstructionofthehighway.Inthispaper,thedynamiccharacteristicsoftunnelstructureisanalyzedatthemountaintunnelportalaccordingtotheactualengineering,thusthelawofstress-strainandfailuremodeofthetunnelandsurroundingrockareresearchedunderthegroundmotionload,whichprovidesanimportantreferenceforthedesignandconstructionofthehighwaytunnelinhigh-intensityearthquakearea.2Relyingonengineeringconditionsandshakingtabletestdevice2.1GeologicalconditionsModeltestwasaccomplishedinaugust2007,basedoncertaintunnelprojectwherethereisthroughtheregionofseismicfortificationintensityⅨdegreesandmaybeactivefaultsinYa-Luhighway.Basedondrillingandsurfacesurvey,thetunnelstratumismostlytriassicsystem~Jurassicsystem,siltymudstone,peliticsiltstone,quartzsandstone,carbargillite,CenozoicoverlyingHoloceneQuaternarycover.2.2ShakingtabletestTheshakingtableattheTractionPowerStateKeyLaboratoryisthemainfacilityforexperimentalresearchintoearthquakeengineeringatSouthwestJiaotongUniversity.Themodeltestadoptsthebi-directionalseismicshaketable,whichtablesizeis2.5mby2.5m,CopyrightASCE2009InternationnalConferenceonTransportationEngineer2009(ICTE2009)3theplatformcapableofcarryingamaximumpayloadof30tandthevibrationmodeisforX,Ytwodirectionandfourfreedomdegrees.Thefrequencyrangeis0.1~30Hz,andthepeakaccelerationofXorYdirectionis1.0grespectively.Itisdrivenhorizontallyandverticallybyfour20kNservoactuatorsgivingfullcontrolofmotionoftheplatformin4DOFsimultaneously.3DesignofmodeltestsimilarparametersTakingintoaccountthemodelbordereffect,thewidthoftheboxmodelshouldbemorethan6timesthetunnelwidth,thusthesimilarparametersaredetermined(geometrysimilarCL=30,Young’smodulusCE=45,densityCρ=1.5)andShen(2008)describedtherestofphysicalsimilarparameters.3.1DesignofsimilarmaterialforsurroundingrockandsecondaryliningAccordingtothesimilarrelationandthephysico-mechanicalparametersofsurroundingrockinsitu,thesimilarmaterialselectedisconsistedofflyash,riversandandoilaftertheorthogonaltestsarerepeateddozensof