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定语从句（一）关系代词引导的定语从句Revision•划分下列句子成分。•1.AnearthquakehappenedinTangshan.•2.StrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheastHebei.•3.At3:42ameverythingbegantoshake.•4.Somepeoplesawbrightlightsinthesky.•5.Thegassmellssmelly.思考1.什么是定语？修饰名词或代词的句子成分是定语。总结：•1.是否只有形容词能做定语？•2.定语在句中的位置有什么规律？•找出下列句子中的定语•1.Strangethingswerehappeninginthecountryside.•2.Asmellygascameoutofthecracks.•3.Somepeoplesawbrightlightsinthesky.•4.Morebuildingsfelldown.•5.Allhopewasnotlost.•6.Freshwaterwastakentothecitybytrain,truckandplane.•7.Thewomanintheroomismymother.•8.Peoplethereareverykindtome.•9.ThegirlwithabookinherhandisMary.•10.Thecoffeecupisonthetable.总结：•1.是否只有形容词能做定语？•2.定语在句中的位置有什么规律？•形容词，名词，代词，短语......单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面，多个词作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面短语.......1.这个男人是杰克船长。2.这个男人正在奔跑。ThemanisCaptainJack.Themanisrunning.这个正在奔跑的男人是杰克船长。ThemanwhoisrunningisCaptainJack.1.一群人正在追赶一个男人。2.这个男人叫杰克船长。Agroupofpeopleisrunningafteraman.Theman'snameisCaptainJack.一群人正在追赶一个叫杰克船长的男人。AgroupofpeopleisrunningafteramanwhosenameisCaptainJack.定语从句定义:•在主从复合句中，对某一名词或代词起修饰作用的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的连接词叫关系词（关系代词和关系副词）。定语从句一般位于先行词后。ThemanwhoisrunningisCaptainJack.先行词关系代词①先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。一般分为人和物。②关系词：引导定语从句的连接词称为关系词，其中who、whom,whose,that,which称为关系代词ItwasfeltinBeijing,whichismorethantwohundredkilometersaway.二百多公里外的北京都能感觉到这场地震。Ahugecrackthatwaseightkilometerslongsandthirtymetreswidecutacrosshouses,roadsandcanals.一条8公里长30米宽的巨大裂缝横穿房舍、马路和渠道。Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredreachedmorethan400,000.伤亡的人数超过40万。Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。•Doyouwantafriendwhomyoucouldtelleverythingto?•你想要一个你可以把一切都告诉他的朋友吗？关系代词的作用•1.连接主从句•2.代替先行词•3.在从句中充当成分关系代词的选择①先行词：人物②关系词：who、whomwhosethatwhich1，whoTheboyswhoaresingingareTFboys.TheboysareTFboys.Theboysaresinging.TheboyswhoaresingingareTFboys.分析：先行词是_________,关系代词是_________，指_______(人或物）在从句中作___________成分。theboyswho人主语1，whoYouneedn’ttalktothepeoplewhoyoudon’tlike.Youneedn’ttalktothepeople.Youdon’tlikethepeople.Youneedn’ttalktothepeoplewhoyoudon’tlike.分析：先行词是_________,关系代词是_________，指_______(人或物）在从句中作___________成分。thepeoplewho人宾语总结：who在定语从句中充当主语或宾语，做宾语是可以省略。1.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.2.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.\3.Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.1.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.自助者天助之。2.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。3.Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.不到长城非好汉。1，whomTheladyismyteacher.Imettheladyyesterday.Thelady（whom）Imetyesterdayismyteacher.Thelady（whom）Imetyesterdayismyteacher.分析：先行词是_________,关系代词是_________，指_______(人或物）在从句中作___________成分。theladywhom人宾语Summary:whom引导的定语从句中，先行词是人，在定语从句中作宾语,通常可以省略。1.Itookpianolessonsfromawoman.Thewomanismymother'sfriend.2.YesterdayIvisitedanoldfriend.Ihadn'tseenhimforyears.Itookpianolessonsfromawomanwhoismymother'sfriend.YesterdayIvisitedanoldfriendwhomIhadn'tseenforyears.用who，whom填空1.Theforeigner____________visitedourclassisfromCanada.2.Thegirl_________youjustmetisafriendofmine.3.Thepersonwith_________youjustcommunicatedisMrLi.4.MrsGreenistheperson__________youshouldwriteto.whowhomwhomwhom3，whichTheearthquakeisextreme.TheearthquakehappenedinTangshan.TheearthquakewhichhappenedinTangshanisextreme.TheearthquakewhichhappenedinTangshanisextreme.作主语Thebook(which)myfatherreadisinteresting.作宾语Which先行词是物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。Theappleismine.Theappleismine.Theappleisyours.Theappleissmall.Theappleisbig.?whichisredwhichisgreenwhichisredwhichisgreen4.thatIhaveafriend.Thefriendlikeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.Ihaveafriendthatlikeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.YesterdayIreceivedaletterthatcamfromAustralia.Thehouse(that)myfatherwouldliketobuyisexpensive（人/主语）(物/主语）（物/宾语）that即可指人也可指物，指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。Ihaveafriendthatlikeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.4.whoseTheroomismine.Theroom’swindowfacessouth.Theroomwhosewindowfacessouthismine.Thegirlwhosedressisredismysister.（物/定语）(人/定语）Theroomwhosewindowfacessouthismine.AgroupofpeopleisrunningafteramanwhosenameisCaptainJack.用who，whom,whose填空1.Theboy___________hasalotoffriendsislucky.2.Lindaisagirl________friendsdependonher.3.Theperson_________youjustmentionedisMrLi.4.Thehouse_________windowisbrokenismine.whowhosewhomwhoseAplaneisamachinethatcanfly.ThenoodlesthatIcookedweredelicious.Let’saskthemanthatisreadingthebook.ThegirlthatwesawyesterdayisJim’sister.（主语/物）(宾语/物）（主语/人）（宾语/人）that即可指人也可指物指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。-38-预习导引核心归纳SectionⅡ—LearningaboutLanguage核心归纳12考点三定语从句只能由that引导的情况(1)先行词是anything,everything,nothing,few,all,none,little等词,或者是由every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修饰时。①HaveyoutakendowneverythingthatMrLisaid?你记下李先生说的每句话了吗?②Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.所有能做的事情都已经做了。③ThereislittlethatIcandoforyou.我几乎不能为你做什么。注意:当先行词指人时,也可以用who。④Anymanthat/whohasasenseofdutywon’tdosuchathing.任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。-39-预习导引核心归纳SectionⅡ—LearningaboutLanguage核心归纳12(2)先行词被序数词修饰时。⑤ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinLondonwasBigBen.他们在伦敦参观的第一个地方是大本钟。(3)先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。⑥ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.这是我看过的最好的电影。-40-预习导引核心归纳SectionⅡ—LearningaboutLanguage核心归纳12(4)先行词被thevery,t