英语国家概况谢福之chapter-1单元

ChapterOneGeography,PeopleandLanguageI.TheABCs1.ThefullnameoftheUnitedKingdomis____TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandBritishIsles;GreatBritain;IrelandNotethenames:•BritishIsles=GreatBritain+Ireland+smallerislands•GreatBritain=England+Scotland+Wales•Ireland=NorthernIreland+Eire(theRepublicofIreland)•TheUnitedKingdom=GreatBritain+NorthernIreland•British(Britons)=English+Scots+Welsh+Irish2.FourPartsofU.K.•England•Scotland•Wales•NorthernIrelandTrueorFalse?TheislandofGreatBritainismadeupofEngland,Scotland,WalesandNorthernIreland.TrueorFalse?False.BecauseNorthernIrelandisontheneighboringislandofIreland.TheFlag3.ThenationalflagoftheUKiscalled_____.TheUnionJackortheUnionFlagTheUnionoftheFlagsTheABCs4.What’sitsnationalanthem?GodSavetheQueen/King5.TheGloryoftheBritishEmpireBritishEmpireortheempireonwhichthesunneversets6.CommonwealthofNations英联邦AfreeassociationofindependentcountrieswhichwereformerBritishcolonies7.TheRelationshipManifestedintheFlagsNewZealandandAustraliaContentsGeographyIPeopleIITheEnglishLanguageIIIIGeography1.GeographicalFeature2.Climate3.MajorCitiesQuestions:1.whatisthemostimportantriverinBritain?2.whydotouristsfromallovertheworldliketogotoScotland?3.whatlanguagedoespeopleinWalesspeak?4.whatarethemajorfeaturesoftheclimateinBritain?15324EnglandWalesScotlandEdinburghCardiffLondonBelfastDublinComponentsEnglandScotlandWalesNorthernIrelandEngland:itconsistsoflowlandterrain（低地地形）,withsomemountainousterrain(山区地形)inthenorth-west,northandsouth-west.EnglandEnglandoccupiesthelargest.Ithasanareaof130,281squarekilometreswhichtakesupnearly60%ofthewholeisland.EnglandisinthesouthernpartofGreatBritain.Itisthemostpopulousandwealthiestpartofthecountry.Capital:LondonEnglandHighlyurbanized-80%ofpopulationlivingincities-only2%workinginagricultureDominancein:size/culture/economy-takeEnglandforUKtheThamesRiver泰晤士河Thesecondlongestriver:Thames(346squarekilometers)LakeDistrictascenicspotinNorthWestEnglandApopularholidaydestinationbeingfamousforitslakesanditsmountainsitsassociationswiththeearly19thcenturypoetryandwritingsofWilliamWordsworthandotherpoets.LakeDistrictScotland:Itsgeographyisvaried,withlowlandsinthesouthandeastandhighlandsinthenorthandwest.ScotlandScotland,withanareaof78,772squrekilometers,occupiesthenorthernpartofBritain.Tourismisoneofthemostimportantindustries.TouristsfromallovertheworldcometoenjoythebeautyofScottishscenery,todrinkScotchwhiskyandtoseeScotsmenwearingkiltsandplayingbagpipes.BenNevis(本尼维斯山):thehighestmountaininBritain(1343m)islocatedhereTheClydeRiver(克莱德河)isthemostimportantriverinScotlandEdinburghisthecapitalofScotland.ThehighlandsinScotland：sparselypopulated,withmanymountainrangesdominatingtheregion,andincludingthehighestmountainintheBritishIsles,BenNevisBenNevis(1343metershigh)Wales:It’smostlymountainous,takeinguplessthan9%ofthewholeisland.SouthWalesislessmountainousthanNorthandMidWales.WalesIthasanareaof20,780squarekilometreswhichtakesuplessthan9%ofthewholeisland.Thelongestriver:SevernRiver塞文河(354squarekilometers)Snowdonia(1,085m)inthenorthwestisthehighestmountaininWales.ThecapitalofWalesisCardiff.NorthernIrelandNorthernIrelandisafourthregionoftheUnitedKingdom.Ittakesupthenorthernone-sixthoftheislandofIrelandandhasanareaof14,135squarekilometresLoughNeaghisthelargestlakeintheBritishIsles(396squarekilometers)BelfastisthecapitalofNorthernIreland.NorthernIrelandSmallestamongthefournationsinBritainMostlyrural,lowhills,beautifullakeinthesouth-west,ruggedcoastline(多岩石的海岸线)Giant’scauseway(巨人之路)(1)The8thNaturalWonderoftheWorld(suburbofBelfast)，SixtymillionyearsagoGiant’scauseway（2）Prodigiousskills(鬼斧神工)ofNature:2.ClimateMaincharacteristics:Temperate,withwarmsummers,coldwintersandplentyrainfallThreemajorfeatures:WinterfogRainydaysInstability/changeability3.MajorCities—LondonTheRiverThamesthecapitalofEnglandandofGreatBritainthepoliticalcenteroftheCommonwealth(英联邦)amajorportoneoftheworld'sleadingbankingandfinancialcenters.London-seatofgovernment-centerofculture-businesscenter-industrialcenter-largestpopulation-hometoallmedia-galleries,theatres,museums-combiningfunctionsofNewYork,Washington&LosAngeles-Oneofthefourleadingcitiesintheworld:NewYork,Paris,TokyoLondonThecapital,thelargestportandthelargestcityinBritainTheCityofLondon+InnerLondon+OuterLondon=GreaterLondon（大伦敦）Thecommercialcenter:theWestEnd（伦敦西区）Thepoliticalcenter:theCityofWestminster(Downingstreet唐宁街,BuckinghamPalace白金汉宫)Theculturalcenter:LondonUniversity(thebiggest)ThecenterofLaborMovement(Chartism)宪章运动TheOlympicsgameswasheldherein2012Landmarks&SymbolsofLondonBuckinghamPalaceBuckinghamPalaceBuckinghamPalaceSTPaul’sCathedralanAnglicancathedraltheseatoftheBishopofLondononeofLondon'smostfamousandmostrecognisablesightsSt.Paul'sCathedralLandmarks&SymbolsofLondonBigBenthelargestfour-facedchimingclock,thethird-tallestfree-standingclocktowerintheworld,Itscelebrationofits150thanniversaryinMay2009alarge,mainlyGothicchurch,inWestminster,LondonthetraditionalplaceofcoronationandburialsiteformonarchsofC