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知识梳理初一第二学期一、语法1.动词时态2.祈使句一、动词时态名称特征词肯定句的动词一般现在时一般将来时一般过去时sometimes,usually,often，always,every...,原形第三人称单数this+某个时间，tomorrowinthefuturebegoingto+动原(计划、安排)will+动原(描述、预测)yesterday...,justnow,...ago,thismorning,whenIwasyoung,attheageof…过去式二、祈使句无人称、动词开头，带命令色彩的句子。肯定式否定式Openthewindow,please.Lookathere.Pleasereadafterme.Don’topenthewindow.Don’tlookathere.Don’treadafterme.三、句子简单句并列句复合句选择问句特殊疑问句感叹句一般疑问句否定句祈使句简单句并列句复合句选择问句特殊疑问句感叹句Thisisanorangebike.HeknowsmeandIknowhim.WhenIwas5,Icouldswim.Didyoulivehereorthere?Whatdidtheylearnjustnow?Whataheavyrainitis!DoesTomspeakFrench?Idon’tunderstandit.Standup.一般疑问句否定句祈使句四、句型(及交际用语)1.某人用多长时间做某事：Ittakes/tooksb.+time+todosth.2.提问时间：What’sthetime?Whattimeisit?Whattimeisitbyyourwatch?3.提问日期：What’sthedatetoday?Whatwasthedateyesterday?4.提问星期几：Whatdayisittoday?Whatdaywasyesterday?5.提问某人的生日：Whenisone’sbirthday?6.提问天气：Whatistheweatherliketoday?(Howistheweathertoday?)Whatwastheweatheryesterday?(Howwastheweatheryesterday?8.提问人的相貌：Whatdoes...looklike?9.提问人的性格：Whatis...like?10.询问对方情况：What’swrongwith...sb.?What’sthematterwith...sb.?11.到该做什么事的时候了。It’stimetodosth.It’stimeforsth.12.提建议用语：Whynotdosth.?Whydon’tyoudosth.?Whataboutsth./doingsth.?It’sbesttodosth.You’dbetterdosth.五、词类1.动词6.形容词、副词2.系动词7.数词3.代词8.频率副词4.不定代词9.介词5.连词10.疑问词1.动词(谓语)HewatchesTVeveryday.HeiswatchingTVnow.HewatchedTVamomentago.动词(非谓语)HeenjoyswatchingTV.Jimmakesmelaugh.Iwantedtoseeitagain.2.系动词(+形容词的动词)lookturnsoundbecometastebefeelsmellget1)Jim’sideasoundsnice.2)Katelookstaller.3)Ifeelnervousnow.4)Beijingbecomesbigger.5)Thedaysgetlong.6)Thecaketastesdelicious.3.代词人称代词主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyoutheir物主代词形容词性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs4.不定代词1.other,others,theother,theothers,another,One...,theother...,anyother2.one,ones,one’s3.somethingsomebody/someoneanythinganybody/anyoneeverythingeverybody/everyonenothingnobody/noone5.连词1.and7.when2.but8.before3.or9.after4.so10.as5.though11.if6.because用and,when,because,but,or,so,thoughbefore,after,if,填空1.JimoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish_____IoftenhelphimwithhisChinese.2._________thequestionisverydifficult,fewofuscananswerit.3.Mr.Blackisover70yearsold,____hestillworks8hoursaday.Becauseandbut4.Everyonemustbehere_________6:00tomorrow.5.__________itisrainingheavily,thefarmersarestillworkinginthefield.6.Icanhelpyou___Ihavetime.用and,when,because,but,or,so,thoughbefore,after,if,填空Thoughbeforeif7.______gettingup,Ialwayslistentotheradioforawhile.8.Wemustbequick,___wecan’tfollowthem.9.Tocatchtheearlybus,___Igotupveryearlythismorning.用and,when,because,but,or,so,thoughbefore,after,if,填空soorAfter10.______theteachercamein,Iwasthinkingaboutthegame.11.__youknowhim,whynotgoandmeetJiminsteadofme,Kate?用and,when,because,but,or,so,thoughbefore,after,if,填空IfWhen6.形容词、副词形容词与副词的转换在词尾处+lyy结尾时,去y+ily有的e结尾的单词,需去y+ly，有的则直接+ly。1.quick—quickly2.easy--easily3.terrible-terribly4.true-truly5.brave-bravely6.careful-carefully形容词、副词的使用形容词副词修饰名词修饰动词、形容词Theyarecleverboys.Ipreferlonghair.Itreallysoundsnice.Theyworkveryhard.7.数词数词基数词变序数词百,千,万,的表达几分之几用来表达时、分用来表达年、月、日8.频率副词•用Howoften对它们进行提问。•他们体现了动词出现的频率程度。•Ialwayshavemilkforbreakfast.•Iusuallyhaveeggsforbreakfast.•Ioftenhavenoodlesforit.•Isometimeshavefruitsforit.•Iseldomhavericeforit.•Ineverhavemeatinthemorning.9.与时间相关的介词for时间段前in某年、某月前on具体日子、节日、生日、星期几前at某分，某时前当“早上、下午、晚上”被修饰时不用in而用on.表示方位的介词：某物／处在某处的东南西北。northsouthwestnortheastsoutheastnorthwestsouthwesteastThePositionin,to,on的区别on某处在某处之内某处与某处相接壤某处在某处之外intowith的多种用法dosth.withsb./sth.agirlwithlonghairaroomwithtwodoorsacitywithlargepopulationbebusywithsth.bepopularwith...bewithastyleof...talkwithsb.helpsb.withsth.anactionmoviewithJackieChanWhat’swrong/thematterwith...?10.疑问词提问几点钟Whattimeisit?What’sthetime?价格howmuch地点where数量howmany...howmuch...程度、方式how动词、宾语what...do...what主语who,whom...性格What’s...like?时间when长相Whatdoes/do...looklike?频率howoften天气What’s...like?How’s...?六、常用短语1.wakeup8.falloff2.wake...sb.up9.comeout3.tell...about10.getalongwith...4.talkto/withsb.11.turnon/off5.invite...to...12.puton6.playwith13.takeoff7.thinkabout...14.bealwaysdoing...thinkout15.add...tothinkof...16.knowabout17.learnabout26.inmanyways18.startwith27.infact19.giveof28.insummer20.becalled/named29.inthesun21.stopoff30.inone’sthirties22.onthetelephone31.inspace23.ontheInternet32.in199024.onweekend33.inthe1990s25.ontheearth34.inthenightonthemoon35.atnight36.atthistimeofyear46.onthetop37.atthesametime47.aroadto...38.atthemoment48.tosb.39.attheendof...49.bedifferent40.from...to..from...41.forawhile50.bedifference42.foradrinkbetween43.fordays51.gotosw.fora44.ontheothersideof...holiday45.onone’swayto...52.asusual53.beinterestedin...63.inclass54.bealwaysdoing...64.firstofall55.bybike65.inthepast56.onKate’sbike66.lastyear57.aphotoof...67.fromthe1960s58.aphotographerfor68.apartfrom...59.not...atall69.thousandsof...60.getintotroublehundredsof...61.listentomusic70.forexample62.gotoconcerts71.thetripto...72.toomuchnoise82.allnight73.muchtooexpensive83.alotoffun74.saveup84.plantodo75.goonvacation85.decidetodo76.takephotos86.want