微波 天线 [电子][电力]

-2-[2]GSMGlobalSystemForMobilGSMDCS1800DigitalCommunicationSystemPDCPersonalDigitalCellular1992GSM,GSMDCS1800GSM900DCS1800GSMCDMACodeDivisionMultipleAccess1.2[3]/RF[4]1/234561.3-3--4-150MHz280MHz450MHz900MHz800MHz/4/2900MHz1800MHz/4/4IFA280/400MHz/41FVHF2GTDUHF34FDTDF5F2.1800~1000MHz1~10%230dBi12342.22.2.1[5]-5-mI[6]Za,2-1=k=2λπ)Zl(lIm)(SinZI=β−lZ−2-1≤≤2-1-lldZZOr1rZee∞=al75=aljkremrkl−klIjE−=θθθsincos)cos[cos(60]2-2),(ϕθf60θrIEm=2-3θθϕθsin)coscos(),(klf=2-4coskl−ϕ=θjkrekl−mklrIjEH−⋅==θθπηθϕsincos)coscos(202-52-4o90=θ,65.0≤λl-6-maxfmax60EE==2-6rImklcos−2-7f1max=)sincosθcos1()coscos()(),(θθϕθklklFF−==2-8kl−2-8),(2ϕθF2.15dBidBiLL/0.25.3750.5.6250.75.8751.01.1251.375dBi2.152.753.825.163.473.744.034.874.91L=.375L=0.25L=0.5L=.625L=0.75L=.875L=1.0L=1.125L=1.3752-2DLL5/82.2.22-3-7-2-3ab-8-lh→,θ2-4[7]2-32-4−=∆90o∆−∆⋅=cos)sincos(60khcoskhrIEm2-92-3rh2-4363dBrrh0.51.0kh=/2kr=3/2360.75,1.5,3,2-52.32.3.1ADSd(a)C=DSL(b)2-6-9-D------C------S------------L------N------A------d------2-6-10-DCS⋅=αtgCπ=22SC+NSAL==S0=0ooD0=90[8]λ/D%301:D20.25D/0.43D/2.3.2[9]12345±2.3.3D18.0≤λD[10]SAABP(r,,)rrr00OYZABXYaOudS02-7aS2-7ds===zyx⋅uuusincosSaaπ2ππ−u),,0φθr2-10≤≤I(P→−sd→∫=IAπµ42-11rejkrrdsPψcos'r'0rr−≈rOdsCOPθπφθφθψ2sinsinsincossincoscos'Suauar++=cosu2-12-11--12-→AXYZ∫−−−=ππψπµaeerIArjkjkrx)(4)cos(0'0udusin2-13a∫−−=ππψπµaeerIArjkjkry4)cos(0'0uducos2-13b∫−−=ππψπµeerIArjkjkrz4cos(0'0πduS2)2-13cka1)sinφθsin2cos(2200θλπµπkaSaerIjAjkrx+−=−2-14aφθπµπsin4200kaerIjAjkry−=cos2-14b00jkrerIS−π4zA=µ2-14c→−Ajω0=rE→−∇=VE2-15a)sinθkScoscos(420020φθπθjSaerIZkEjkr−−=−2-15b)sin2θ2kaπ=sincos(40020πφθπφaSaerIZkEjkr+=−2-15c2-15b2-15cxySka1ZNNEtan=−θ02/3,1=πφka2πθ=φθjE=,=φEN∫∫+=ππφθ2002022sin2rZEEφθθddθφE)]/24Sa2/2rRI)]/22Sa02rRNW2-162-15b2-15cEW2-1710/4(1[10222222akISkπ++=W=2-184.0(1[20222220akSkRrπ++=N2.4[11]QQ-13--14-3.13.1.1800MHz123451.5~3.0m63.1.2[12][13]MEG[14]MEGMEG3.1.3VPHPMEGP=Pv+P(Ge)PrectotalHPvPH4-1-15-VPHPrecPVPHPeVPHP+VPHP+MEGGHVrecPPP+VPHPe=G3-1/XPRXPR3-2HVPP=XPRXPR3.23.2.11.2.-16-3.2.2)2(21δπϕθ==PP−θPϕP3-3πθθϕ∫++=πϕθπϕππ202(1),2([121GXPRGXPRXPReϕϕ)],dθG3-4XPRGθϕϕGXPR9dBXPRϕeePGG=G3-52.0dBi3-5PGAPGA-17-1.2.3.3.2.3PGA60601/40dBd0.06o60=α-2.0dBdo60=α-4.6dBd2.6dBd3.3GSM52W-18-7W2E21PPg=W/kg3-6σ⋅gPdm∫MgdmPSARP3-7=PMSAR0.6mW/gANSI30ANSI7WSAR3.4-19--20--21-4.1GSMGSMGSM900DCS1800GSM900GSM900MHz1W7WDCS1800GSM900GSMGSMGSM900DCS1800900MHz1800MHz4.24.2.1GSMGSM1GSM900890~960MHz2DCS18001710~1890MHz125mm6mm28dB1.54.2.21/4GSMm33.0MHz900fc11==λf1=DCSm15.0MHzfc22==λf18002=GSMm083.0l4111==λDCSm04.0l4122==λ1/425mmGSMGSMDCS4.2.3-22-D/DD/0.18-23-2λDS[15]5.0)λ5.22()(201λλSD+=D4-15.0)/λ5.22()(20144λλDND+==l4-2DlN2.0)(10DNλ≈2.0)(Dlm30DfNMHz≈4-3Dl4.9mm0.9mm3-4mmDCS1.3mmGSMDCSGSM13.0mm4.251.3mm5.2524.0mm4.251.3mm5.254.34.3.112700MHz2000MHz3890MHz960MHz1.71GHz1.88GHz4123-24-11S11S11Sin≈Γ4567.4-4111111SS−+11inin≈Γ−Γ+=ρ4-51.3mm/4.0mm1890MHz960MHz1.71GHz1.88GHz(dB)-8.0-15.0-10.1-10.011S0.160.030.0980.11.381.061.2171.2211S2890MHz960MHz1.71GHz1.88GHz(dB)-7.0-14.8-11.0-8.011S0.200.030.080.161.51.061.171.3811S3.2.[16]-25--26-outsPsGoutxP4-1soutsoutxGPPx=G4-61900MHz1.8GHz1900MHz231.8GHz41900MHzdBi8.11dBd64.9]105046lg[10max==×=GdBi9.9dBd78.7]105030lg[10min==×=G21.8GHzdBi9.10dBd7.8]105843lg[10max==×=GdBi7.9dBd55.7]105833lg[10min==×=G8dB1.5-27-900MHz1.8GHz-28--29-GSMGSM900DCS1800GSM900DCS18001.2.3.7W4.GSM1.19942.1995-30-3.H.19934.J.R.1997:100-2155.19866.19977.19938.19959.199210.T.S.M.MacleanPrinciplesofAntennasWireandApertureCambridgeUniversityPress198611.199012.Lee,W.C.Y.,MobileCommunicationsEngineeringMcGraw-Hill,198213.Bach.Andersen.JAntennasforVHF/UHFPersonalRadioIEEETrans.VehicularTechnology.Vol.VT-26.No.4Nov.199214.Lee.W.C.Y.EstimateofLocalAveragePowerofMobileRadioSignalIEEETrans.VehicularTechnology.Vol.VT-34.No.1.Feb.198515.K.Fujimoto.K.Hirasawa199116.1990