TheObjectClause宾语从句一、学习目标:1.了解宾语从句的含义。2.了解宾语从句的基本种类。3.掌握宾语从句的基本用法。二、学习重、难点:重点:宾语从句的基本结构及用法。难点:宾语从句的三要素——连接词、语序和时态。观察、比较、分析I’dlikeyoutomeethimwithmewhenhearrives复合句中,作时间的状语是一个句子,这个句子叫做时间状语从句。Shefeelsverylonelybecauseshehasnofriendstotalkwith复合句中,作原因的状语是一个句子,这个句子叫做原因状语从句。Wemaygetafineandevenbeindangerifwebreakthetrafficrules复合句中,作条件的状语是一个句子,这个句子叫做条件状语从句。猜测:什么是宾语从句?什么是宾语从句?试比较:Weknowhim.Weknow(that)helikesEnglish.主s主s谓v谓v宾o宾o复合句中,作主句宾语的是一个句子,这个句子叫做宾语从句主s谓v宾o简单句复合句宾语从句的结构:句型:主句+连词+宾语从句Ihear(that)hewillbebackinanhour.Iknow(that)heisfromCanada.Idon’tknowif/whetherJimisagoodstudent.Doyouknowif/whetherKategetsupearly?Canyoutellmewhatsheisdoing?Doyouknowwhereshelives?Iwanttoknowhowoldyouare.Doyouknowhowmuchthebookis?句型:主句+连词+宾语从句连词thatwhether/ifwhichwhowhomWhenWhereHowwhy1.Heknew(that)heshouldstudyhard.由连词that引导的宾语从句,that在口语中常省略主句+连词+宾语从句:连接词宾语从句三要素语序时态(一)确定宾语从句的语序句子的两种语序:1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序2疑问句结构叫疑问语序宾语从句必须用________陈述语序Thereisashopnearhere.Isthereashopnearhere?Whencanhevisitus?Idon’tknowwhenhecanvisitus.Whereisthebank?Idon’tknowwherethebankis.Whendidhevisitus?Idon’tknowwhenhevisitedus.Whendoesheoftengetup?Idon’tknowwhenheoftengetsup.Whendotheyoftengetup?Idon’tknowwhentheyoftengetup.练习:将下列句子改成陈述句语序:1.Isthereabanknearhere?2.IsitonFifthAvenue?3.Aretheydoinghomework?Thereisabanknearhere.ItisonFifthAvenue.Theyaredoinghomework.4.Doessheworkinahospital?5.DidyougotoCenterPark?6.Dowehavetowearauniform?Sheworksinahospital.YouwenttoCenterPark.Wehavetowearauniform.Wecanwearhatsinschool7.Canwewearhatsinschool?8.Where’syourpenpalfrom?9.Wheredoeshelive?10.Whatlanguagedoesshespeak?11.Whydoyoulikepandas?WhereyourpenpalisfromWherehelivesWhatlanguageshespeaksWhyyoulikepandas二、确定引导词/连接词(根据从句句式)从句的句式连接词陈述句that一般疑问句if(whether)特殊疑问句特殊疑问词祈使句肯定句to+动词原形否定句notto+动词原形(也可以省略)(二)连接词Ihear(that)hewillbebackinanhour.that(that可以省略).eg:1.当陈述句充当宾语时,由____连接Hesaid(that)hewasverynervous.练一练1.Thisisabook.2.Youlikesinging.3.Heworkedlastnight.4.Theywillgohome.5.JimhasbeentoBeijing.6.Shesingswell.用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Iknow…2.Shesays…3.Tellyourfriend…(that)(2)DoesKategetupearly?Doyouknow?Doyouknowif/whetherKategetsupearly?(1)IsJimagoodstudent?Idon’tknow.Idon’tknowif/whetherJimisagoodstudent.2.当一般疑问句充当宾语时,由_____________连接.if/whethereg:练一练1.Ishereading?2.Doyougetupatsix?3.DoesTomworkhard?4.DidyouwatchTV?5.Willtheyreadbooks?6.Canyousing?用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Doyouknow…2.Iwanttoknow…3.Theteacherasks…if/whether注意:只能用whether不用if的三种情况•一般情况下,if和whether可以互换,但以下3种情况只能用whether:•①与ornot连用:HeaskedmewhetherornotIwascoming.•②在介词之后:Itdependsonwhetheritisgoingtorain.•③在不定式之前:Wehaven’tdecidedwhethertogothere.3.当特殊疑问句充当宾语时,由_______________连接.Eg:1.Whatisshedoing?Canyoutellme?Canyoutellmewhatsheisdoing?2.Wheredoesshelive?Doyouknow?Doyouknowwhereshelives?特殊疑问词练一练1.Whatisthis?2.Whatareyoudoing?3.Wheredoyoulive?4.Whendoeshegetup?5.Howdidyougotowork?6.Whowillyouplaywith?用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Doyouknow…2.Iwanttoknow…3.Canyoutellme…3.确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)主句时态从句时态连接前连接后一般现在时时态保持不变(任何时态)一般过去时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时•(三)宾语从句的时态•1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时,宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定,可以是_________时态。Idon’tthink(that)youareright.Pleasetelluswherewe’llgofishingtomorrow.•DoyouknowwhenMr.Smithmovedhere?任何•2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的_________时态(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时)。例如:•HetoldmethathewasborninBeijingin1992.•HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.过去•3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,即使主句用了过去时,从句仍用_______时态。例如:Theteachersaidthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.一般现在在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句.宾语从句:宾语从句引导词时态语序1、That2、Whether/if3、疑问词1、主句为现在时,从句的时态可以为任何时态。2、主句为过去时,从句的时态为过去时的一种。3、从句为客观真理,自然现象,永恒不变的规律,只用一般现在时。宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序。当由陈述句充当宾语从句时,用that引导,that无词义,在口语或非正式文体中通常省略。当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时,用if或whether引导,意为“是否“。如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句,只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导。宾语从句小结巧学宾语从句•学习宾从三注意,时态、语序、引导词。•时态主从要呼应:•主句若为现在时,从句时态随句意;•主句若为过去时,从句时态变过去;•宾从若是表真理,一般现在就可以。•语序要用陈述序,切莫照搬疑问句。•引导词也不难:•That连接陈述句,省与不省要注意。•一般问句表“是否”,if/whether来引导。•特殊问句作宾从,仍用原来疑问词。•三个问题需记牢,切莫丢东忘了西。1.Doyouknow__________________?A.wheredoessheliveB.sheliveswhereC.whereshelivesD.whereshelive2.Hisparentswantedtoknowwhathe______atthattime.A.isdoingB.wasdoingC.hasdoneD.willdoCB巩固练习:I.从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。4.Lily’smotherlookedforherforhalfanhour,butcouldnotfind________?A.whatLilywasB.whatwasLilyC.whereLilywasD.wherewasLilyC3.—Wedon’tknow______.--ItissaidthathewasborninCanada.A.whatheisB.whenhewasbornC.wherehecomesfromD.ifheliveshereC5Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake6Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travelsD.hadtravelledAC•7.Couldyoupleasetellme________hewillcomeheretomorrow?•A.ifB.weatherC.whatD.which•A8.Couldyoutellme___?A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijingCII.改错:1.MissZhangaskedmewhywasIlateforschool.__________________________________________MissZhangaskedmewhyIwaslateforschool.2.Fathertoldmethesunalwaysroseintheeast.__________________________________________Fathertoldmethesunalwaysrisesintheeast.3.Hedoesn’tknowthatwhenshecancomeback.__________________________________________Hedoesn’tknowwhensheca