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UnitoneI.FindinthetexttheEnglishequivalentsforthefollowing:protectionismdomesticmarketinterferencedirectinvestmentrestrictionbefirstvoicedbydominatemercantilismconsumeoutflowofcurrencycurrencyportfolioinvestmentII.FillintheblankswithproperEnglishterms:1)Merchandiseexports2)Serviceexportsandimports3)Merchandiseimports4)Internationaltrade5)Directinvestment(FDI)6)PortfolioinvestmentIII.Chooseasuitablewordforeachoftheblanksinthefollowingparagraph:trade;liberalization;facilitate;competition;increasinglyV.(P10)TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese:一个国家出现贸易盈余或贸易顺差，是指该国当前进口货物和服务的价值小于出口货物和服务的价值。在重商主义时期，这一差值通过转移黄金弥补，但是在今天是通过持有贸易赤字国家的货币或以该国货币表示的投资来弥补。实质上，盈余国家在给予赤字国家信贷。如果此种信贷最终不能买回足够的货物和服务，所谓的贸易顺差结果实际上可能对盈余国家不利。I.GivetheChineseequivalentsforthefollowingEnglishterms:1)绝对优势理论2）比较优势理论3）国际劳动分工4）要素禀赋理论5）土地密集型产品6）劳动密集型产品7）资本密集新产品8）获得优势9）天然优势10）文化要素差异II.(p18-19)TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChineseaccordingtothepatterns:1.即使所有产品都具有绝对优势的国家，因其必须放弃产出效率低的产品转而生产产出效率高的产品，也会从贸易中获益。2.尽管美国产茶与产麦均有绝对优势，可它只在麦子生产上具有相对优势，因其产麦的优势较其产茶的优势更大。3.要素禀赋理论认为，较丰富的生产要素比相对稀缺的要素更加廉价。4.为了做好国际贸易，公司经理除需要掌握业务经营知识，还需要掌握基本的社会科学知识。UnitTwoI.(p27)Findoutthewholeformsofthefollowingshortforms:MTOMultilateralTradingGSPGeneralizedSystemofPreferenceUNCTADUnitedNationsConferenceonTradeandDevelopmentWTOWorldTradeOrganizationMFNMostFavoredNationLDClessdevelopedcountriesGATTGeneralAgreementonTariffsandTradeECEuropeanCommunityII．Fillintheblankswithproperwords:1)policies;discourage2)government3)117;36%;24%4)negotiations;to;trade5)free;wouldaccept/permitI.(p35-36)IdentifyinthetexttheEnglishequivalentsforthefollowing:prohibitivetariffvalueaddedtaxregulatorytariffadvaloremtariffprotectivetariffdutiablepriceretaliatorytariffretailpricecountervailingtariffwholesalepricepunitivetaxlicenseSpecialDrawingRightclandestinerevenuetariffnon-tariffbarriersgovernmentprocurementcoordinationinfantindustrycustomsvaluationII.(p36)TranslatethefollowingintoChinese:大多数国家目前就估价的程序达成了一致。海关官员首先必须采用发票金额。若没有发票金额或其真实性可疑的情况下，必须以同类商品价值为基础估价。若找不到同类商品，就必须以基本同时期进海关的相似产品为基础进行估价。III.Completethefollowingsentences:1.thecustoms;import/exportgoods2.Tarifforduty;under3.dumping;levyinganti-dumpingtariff4.duty;value5.increasing;imported;gainIV.Fillintheblankswithproperprepositions:of;on;with;from;with;for;to;at;by;atI.(p44)FindinthetexttheEnglishequivalentsforthefollowing:foreigncurrencyretentiontariffexemptionpreferentialconditionmonitorexportcreditcertificatedirectconsignmentGeneralizedSystemofPreferencetariffunionpreference-givingcountryeconomicunionpreference-receivingcountrycommonmarketsignatorynationprincipleoftheplaceoforigintariffregionfreetradezoneregionaleconomicintegrationinternationalfinancialmarketNationalCommercialInspectionBureauanditssubordinatesII.(p44-45)TranslatethefollowingintoChinese:进出口数量限制最常见的形式是配额（制度）。从进口角度讲，配额频频使用的目的是为了限制某一特定年份所允许进口产品的数量。这一数量常常反映出国内生产厂商在特定年份拥有国内市场中一定份额的保障（额度）。很多年来，美国进口糖配额使美国（国内）糖业生产厂商占据了近一半国内市场。III.(P45)Findasuitabletermtofillineachofthefollowingblanks:1)EconomicUnion2)Afreetradezone3)theaveragetaxrefunding4)totaltariffexemption5)FormA6)GSP7)encourageexportproduction8)justifiableUnitThreeI.(p51)GivetheChineseequivalentsforthefollowingEnglishterms:1)固有/内在属性2)光泽、款式、结构3)适销性4)社会属性5)适用性6)耐用性7)卫生8)以消毒/杀菌II.Translatethefollowing,payingattentiontotheunderlinedterms:1)Notonlyshouldwetakeintoconsiderationtheintrinsicqualityandouterformorshape,butalsoindividualconsumertastes.2)TostrengthenthecompetitivenessofChina’sexportcommodities,wemustimprovetheirquality.3)日本质量管理方法称为“全面质量管理”(TQM)，是日本公司为达到质量要求所遵循的程序。4)竞争力战略应优先考虑以下四方面：效率/成本、可靠性、质量和灵活性。5)在日本，质量是指“产品上乘，顾客不会想到转向其它卖家”。III.Fillintheblankswithproperprepositions:to;in;in;of;by;on;in;withoutI.(p55)GivetheChineseequivalentsandexplaintheminsimpleEnglish:1)检验销售2)代表性样品3)参考样品4)复样5)产权6)技术资源7)对等样品8)商检II.(P60)TranslatethefollowingintoChinese:规格修改修订维修/保养保质期/质保期精选水产品补充仲裁示意图/图纸消费安装相关部门奢侈食品跨国公司III.PutthefollowingintoEnglish:qualityfirstqualityreliableproductscustomerfirstqualityinspectionsystemqualityindicatorsuperiorqualitycorrespondwithsamplesnotthesameasthesampleintangibleassetsfamousbrandproductsstrongandpliablebooklet/manualIV.Findaproperwordforeachblank:select;location;largest;northern;conscious;terms;attract;fast;afford;earningsI.(p64)GivetheChineseequivalentstothefollowingEnglishterms:1)允许误差2）质量公差3）可变范围4）灵活性5）鸭绒含量II.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChineseaccordingtothehints:1)某些部件是定制的，需要买卖双方的工程技术人员多次谈判才能确立正确的规格。2)一些优等蔬菜、水果在消费品市场上打开了销路。3)汽车旅馆是服务周到的范例，可视为一种不同的消费产品。一些疲劳的驾驶者总是满意于入住的第一家汽车旅馆，图的是方便。UnitFourI.(P71)Heregiveninthefollowingareshortformsforsomeunitsofmeasureandweight.Pleasegivethecompleteformofeach.ttonozouncelbpoundmimileydyardgalgallonkmkilometerkgkilogramggramsqmsquaremetrebubushelllitreII.(p72)Fillintheblankswithproperpropositionsinthefollowingparagraphs:in;by;by;by;in;in;in;for;in;of;in;in;of;on;of;forI.(p76)FindinthetexttheEnglishequivalentsforthefollowing:grossweightpricefluctuationnetweightcomputedtareconditionedweightunitweightmoisturecontentcustomarytarenetnetweighttheoreticalweightrealtaremoreorlessclauseaveragetareuni