北京大学英文简介

(TraditionalChinese:北京大学;SimplifiedChinese:北京大学;Pinyin:BěijīngDàxué),colloquiallyknowninChineseasBeida(北大,Běidà),wasestablishedin1898.ItisregardedasoneofthebestandthemostselectiveuniversitiesinChina.PekingUniversityisthefirstformallyestablisheduniversity,andthefirstnationaluniversityofChina.TheuniversitypolicyhasmandatedtheuseofPekingUniversityinEnglishratherthanBeijingUniversity[citationneeded]duetotraditionandthedesiretoavoidconfusionwithBeijingNormalUniversityandothersimilarlynamedinstitutions.HistoryPekingUniversitywasestablishedinBeijinginDecember1898duringtheHundredDaysReformandwasoriginallyknownastheImperialUniversityofPeking(TraditionalChinese:京师大学堂;SimplifiedChinese:京师大学堂;Pinyin:jīngshīdàxuétáng).In1912,followingtheXinhaiRevolution,theImperialUniversityofPekingwasrenamedtheNationalPekingUniversity(国立北京大学).ThefamousscholarCaiYuanpeiwasappointedpresidentonJanuary4,1917andhelpedtransformtheuniversityintothecountry'slargestinstitutionofhigherlearning,with14departmentsandanenrollmentofmorethan2,000students.Cai,inspiredbytheGermanmodelofacademicfreedom,recruitedanintellectuallydiversefacultythatincludedHuShih,ChenDuxiu,andLuXun.In1919studentsofPekingUniversityformedthebulkoftheprotestersoftheMayFourthMovement.EffortsbytheBeiyanggovernmenttoendtoprotestsbysealingoffthePekingUniversitycampusledtoCai'sresignation.In1920PekingUniversitybecamethesecondChineseuniversitytoacceptfemalestudents,afterNanjingUniversity.AftertheoutbreakoftheSecondSino-JapaneseWarin1937(andtheresultingexpansionofJapaneseterritorialcontrolineastChina),PekingUniversitymovedtoChangshaandformedtheChangshaTemporaryUniversityalongwithTsinghuaUniversityandNankaiUniversity.In1938,thethreeschoolsmovedagain,thistimetoKunming,andformedtheNationalSouthwesternUnitedUniversity.In1946,afterWorldWarII,PekingUniversitymovedbacktoBeijing.Atthattime,theuniversitycomprisedsixschools(Arts,Science,Law,Medicine,Engineering,andAgriculture),andaresearchinstituteforhumanities.Thetotalstudentenrollmentgrewupto3,000.AfterthePeople'sRepublicofChinawasestablishedin1949,YenchingUniversitywasmergedintoPekingUniversityandPekingUniversitylostitsnationalappellationtoreflectthefactthatalluniversitiesunderthenewsocialiststatewouldbepublic.In1952PekingUniversitymovedfromdowntownBeijingtotheformerYenchingcampus.In2000,BeijingMedicalUniversitywasmergedintoPekingUniversityandbecamethePekingUniversityHealthScienceCampus[edit]PresentTheTimesWorldUniversityRankingsin2006ratedPekingUniversityasthebestuniversityinAsia,andranked14thintheworld,whilsttheTHES-QSWorldUniversityRankings[1]alsorankedtheuniversity14thintheworld.TheentrancecriterionofPekingUniversityisextremelyselective.EveryyearonlythetopstudentsofeachprovinceacrossChinacanbeadmitted,whichmakesPekingUniversityoneofthemostprestigiousplacesforstudentsalloverChina.PekingUniversityisacomprehensiveandnationalkeyuniversity.TheUniversityconsistsof30collegesand12departments,with93specialtiesforundergraduates,2specialtiesforthesecondBachelor'sdegree,199specialtiesforMaster'sdegreecandidatesand173specialtiesforDoctoralcandidates.Whileinaleadingpostionofbasicsciencesresearchandteaching,theuniversityhasgaineditselfverysuccessfuldevelopmentofappliedsciences.Atpresent,Pekinguniversityhas216researchinstitutionsandresearchcentres,including2nationalengineeringresearchcentres,81keynationaldisciplines,12nationalkeylaboratories.Witheightmillionholdings,theuniversitylibraryisthelargestofitskindinAsia.TheWestGateTheuniversityhasmadeanefforttocombinetheresearchonfundamentalscientificissueswiththetrainingofpersonnelwithhighlevelspecializedknowledgeandprofessionalskillasdemandedbythecountry'smodernization.Itstrivesnotonlyforthesimultaneousimprovementsinteachingandresearchwork,butalsoforthepromotionofinteractionandmutualpromotionamongvarioussubjects.Teachingalsohasbeenemphasized.Itaimstocultivatethestudents'practicalabilityandcreativepower.Asaresult,theteachingofcorecoursesisstrengthened,thecontentofcoursesisenrichedandrenewedandfavourableconditionshavebeencreated,forthestudentstodevelopthemselvesinextracurricularactivities.PekingUniversityhasbeenbecomingacenterforteachingandresearch,consistingofdiversebranchesoflearningsuchaspureandappliedsciences,socialsciencesandthehumanities,andsciencesofmanagementandeducation.Itsaimistorankamongtheworld'sbestuniversitiesinthenextcoupleofdecades,withtheschool'sleadershipplacinggreatemphasisondevelopingbilateralrelationshipswithprominentAmericanuniversitiesforstudentandfacultyexchanges.CampusThecampusofPekingUniversityislocatedinnorthwestBeijing,intheHaidiandistrictwhichwasdesignatedforuniversities.ItislocatedontheformersiteofQingDynastyroyalgardensandretainsChinese-stylelandscapingaswellasmanytraditionalbuildings.ItisknownthroughoutChina,alongwithitsneighbourTsinghuaUniversity,forhavingoneofthemostbeautifulcampuses.BeyondPekingUniversity'smaincampus,PekingUniversityHealthScienceCenter(PKUHSC)'scampusislocatedinXueYuanRd.whereChina'smostdistinguish