bible

TheBible劉佳穎英語0904INTRODUCTIONINFLUENCEEVALUATION一.IntroductiontotheBibleThebest-seller•Biblehasbeentranslatedinto2,200languages•SpreadtheBiblethousandsofyears,affectingmillionsofpeople•TheBibleraisesmanyimmortalliteraryandartisticworks•40authorsOfdifferentidentities•1600yearsWritingtimetotallydifferent•indifferentlocations•nofake•cannotbedestroyedAllscriptureisinspiredbyGodandisusefulforreproof,forcorrection,andfortraininginrighteousness.(Timothy3:15)•TheBibleisacollectionofreligiouswritingscomprisingtwoparts:theOldTestament《旧约》andtheNewTestament《新约》.•TheOldTestamentisaboutGodandLawsofGod.•TheNewTestamentisaboutthedoctrine(教义)ofJesusChrist.ThecontentofBibleHistory17Poetry5Prophets17Evangeliarium4History1Epistles21Prophysy1OldTestamentNewTestamenttheoldtestament(旧约）•律法书（CreationSelectionAgreementLaw)•历史书（History→hisstory）•诗歌书（PracticalWisdom)•先知书（Fable＆Prediction)TheOldTestamentTheHistoricalBooks——BookofJoshua《约书亚记》BookofJudges《士师记》BooksofSamuel(IandII)《撒母耳记》BooksofKings(IandII)《列王记》BooksoftheChronicles《历代记》BookofEzra《以斯拉书》BookofNehemiah《尼希米记》ThePoeticalBooks——BookofJob《约伯书》BookofPsalms《诗篇》Proverbs《箴言》Ecclesiastes《传道书》SongofSolomon《雅歌》TheProphets——Amos《阿摩司书》Jeremiah《耶利米书》TheBookofDaniel《但以理书》HowtheOldTestamentcameintobeing?•WhileinBabylon(巴比伦)inthe6thcenturyB.C.,theHebrews,nowknownasJews,formedsynagogues(犹太教堂)topracticetheirreligion.•AstheJewsvaluedtheirownheritageandlearning,someofthembegantoworkonHebrews’laws,sayingsandstoriesofthepast.Andthestudyofthesesacred(宗教的)writingsgrewtobeacommunalactivityfortheJewsinexile（流亡）.•WhentheJewswereatlastallowedtoreturntotheirhomelandafter70years,thereturneesstartedatoncetorebuildJerusalem（耶路撒冷）andthetemples.•UnderthefamousscholarEzra（以斯拉）,theywrotedownthelawsofMosesinfivebookscalledTorahorPentateuchintheChristianBible.OtherwritingswereaddedlatertomaketheOldTestamentoftheBible.ThePentateuch《摩西五经》•Theoldestandmostimportantofthe39booksoftheOldTestamentarethefivebooks,calledPentateuch.•Genesis《创世记》,Exodus《出埃及记》,Leviticus《利未记》,Numbers《民数记》andDeuteronomy《申命记》.•GenesisisareligiousaccountoftheoriginoftheHebrewpeople,includingtheoriginoftheworldandman,thecareerofIsaacandthelifeofJacobandhissonJoseph.Somestories•TheFallofManAdam(亚当）andEve（夏娃）livedinperfecthappinessintheGardenofEden（伊甸园）.Butatthetemptationoftheserpent(蛇)oneday,EvepickedthefruitfromtheforbiddentreeandshareditwithAdam.Immediatelyafterwards,theyweredrivenfromParadiseandwentforthintotheworld.•Noah’sArk诺亚方舟Therewas,however,onegoodman,Noah,whostillrememberedGodandtriedtobeatpeacewithhisconscience.SoGodspoketoNoahaboutHisintentionandtoldhimtobuildanarktoprotecthimandhiskinsfromthewaters.NoahfollowedGod’sinstruction.•TenCommandments十诫(上帝在西奈山上给摩西的十条戒律，是摩西律法的基础)•ThefortyyearsinthewildernessinandaroundthegreatdesertmadetheHebrewstoughandstrong,weldingthemintoagreatnation.Whenthewanderingtribes(部落)leftthedesertandenteredthemountainousSinai(西奈山）,MosesclimbedtothetopofthemountaintoreceiveGodmessage,whichcametobeknownastheTenCommandments.thenewtestament（新约）•福音书（actsofJesus)•使徒行传(actsofapostles)•使徒书信(letterstobelievers)•启示录(predictionaboutend)3.TheNewTestamentTowardstheendofthefourthcenturyfouraccountswereacceptedaspartoftheNewTestament,whichtellsthebeginningofChristianity.ThefouraccountswerebelievedtohavebeenwrittenbyMatthew,Mark,LukeandJohn.（马太、马可、路迦、约翰）Theytellofthebirth,teaching,deathandresurrectionofJesus.Thencome:theActsofApostles《使徒行传》,ahistoryoftheearlyChristianmovement;theEpistles《使徒书》,orletterstothechurchgroupsaroundtheMediterranean（地中海）;andlastlytheBookofRevelation《启示录》,avisionaryaccountofthefinaltriumphofGod’spurpose.Contents1.BirthofJesusAccordingtoSt.Matthew《马太福音》1,JesuswasachildoftheHolyGhost.2.JesusisTemptedbytheDevilAccordingtoSt.Matthew4,JesuswasledupbytheSpiritintothewildernesstobetemptedbythedevilinordertoseewhetherJesuswasabsolutelyfaithfultoGod’steachings.3.TheSermonontheMountAccordingtoSt.Matthew5,Jesusinhissermon（讲道）onthemountblessedtentypesofpeople,tourgehisdisciplestolearnthefinequalitiesoftheprophetswhohadbeenpersecuted.4.TheLastSupper（最后的晚餐）AccordingtoSt.Matthew13,itwasjustbeforethePassover(逾越节)Feast,JesusknewthatthetimehadcomeforhimtoleavethisworldandgototheFather.Athislastsupperwithhisdisciples,heshowedwhowouldbetrayhimbygivingasoptoJudasIscariot.5.Thecrucifixion(十字架)AccordingtoSt.John《约翰福音》19,theJewshadJesuscrucified（钉在十字架上）becausehehadmadehimselftheSonofGod.二.InfluenceoftheBible•Politics•Art•DailyLife……DemocracyMilitaryLawPoliticsBarackObama’sInauguralAddressHandontheBibleBibleandpoliticsMyfellowcitizens:•Weremainayoungnation,butinthewordsofBible,thetimehascometosetasidechildishthings.•Thetimehascometoreaffirmourenduringspirit;tochooseourbetterhistory;tocarryforwardthatpreciousgift,thatnobleidea,passedonfromgenerationtogeneration:•theGod-givenpromisethatallareequal,allarefree,andalldeserveachancetopursuetheirfullmeasureofhappiness.Tencommandments：MosesgetsfromGodDonotshowpartialityinjudging;hearbothsmallandgreatalike.Donotbeafraidofanyman,forjudgmentbelongstoGod.BibleandLawIraqWarin2003GulfWar