初一上英语语法知识及习题-(学生版)

七年级上册英语语法知识及习题定冠词的用法1)用于指谈话双方都知道的人或事物Openthedoor,please.请把门打开。2)用以复述上文提过的人或事物（第一次提到用“a或an”，以后再次提到用“the”）Ihaveapencil,thepencilisgreen.我有一支铅笔，这支铅笔是绿色的。3)用在序数词前Januaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.一月份是一年当中的第一个月。4)表示世界上宇宙中独一无二的事物thesun太阳themoon月亮theearth地球thesky天空theworld世界5)表示演奏乐器时，乐器的前面要加theplaythepiano弹钢琴playtheviolin拉小提琴零冠词的用法1)专有名词前一般不加冠词Tom汤姆China中国Europe欧洲2)月份、周日、节日前一般不加冠词January一月份Sunday星期日ChristmasDay圣诞节Thanksgiving感恩节NationalDay国庆节MayDay劳动节比较：...onaSundaymorning.在一个星期天的早晨...（表示某一个。）3）三餐、四季前一般不加冠词Ihavelunchatschool.我在学校吃午餐。4）球类运动不加冠词playbasketball打篮球playvolleyball打排球playfootball踢足球时态概说在英语中，不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，要用不同的动词形式来表示，这种动词的不同形式称为时态。Iam14thisyear.今年我14岁。Iwas13lastyear.去年我13岁。Heplayssoccereveryday.他每天都踢足球。Heplayedsocceryesterday.昨天他踢足球了。英语中共有16种时态，常用的有9种。一般现在时一般现在时表示现在的状态，如：Heis12.Sheisathome.表示经常的或习惯性的动作，如：Igotoschoolat7:30everyday.表示主语具备的性格和能力等，如：Shelikesapples.TheyknowEnglish.动词的种类动词分为四种：连系动词,实义动词,助动词,情态动词1）连系动词：词义不完全，要和后面的表语一块构成谓语。如be(am,isare)是，sound听起来，look看起来Sheismysister.Thatsoundsinteresting.听起来很有趣。2）实义动词，有实际意义的动词，能单独做谓语。如see,ask,likeIlikebananas.3）助动词：本身没有词义，帮助实义动词一起构成否定句，疑问句。如do，doesIdon’tlikechicken.Doeshelikeapples?4）情态动词；本身具有一定意义，但不能单独作谓语，必须和实义动词一起构成谓语。can,能，会，must,必须，情态动词后一定要用动词原形。IcanspeakEnglish.Imustfindit.我一定要找到它动词be的用法be的用法口诀我用am，你用are，is连着他，她，它；单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记。疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。Be动词专项练习用am,is,are填空：1.I______astudent.______youastudent?No,I_____not.2.Thegirl______Jack'ssister.3.Thedog_______tallandfat.4.Theman_______ateacher.5.______yourbrotherintheclassroom?6.Where_____yourmother?She______athome.7.How_______yourfather?8.JaneandTom_________myfriends9.Where_____mypen?10.Where______mybooks?11.That______myredskirt.12.Who______I?13.Thejeans______onthedesk.14.Here______aphotoofmyfamily.15.Here______somesweatersforyou.16.Theblackbook______forSuYang.17.Thispairofsocks______20dollars.18.Thetwocupsofmilk_____forme.19.Sometea______intheglass.20.Howmuch____theskirt?21Howmuch______thetrousers?22.Mysister'sname______Nancy.23.______DavidandHelenfromEngland?24.There______agirlintheroom.25.You,heandI______fromChina.句型转换的方法一.肯定句变否定句1.句子中有be，在be后加not。)Iamastudent.→Iamnotastudent.2)Theyareblue.→Theyaren’tblue.3)HeisTom.→Heisn’tTom2.谓语是动词原形，在动词前加don’t。)Ihaveabook.→Idon’thaveabook.2)TheylikeChinese.→Theydon’tlikeChinese.3)WecomefromChina.→Wedon’tcomefromChina.3谓语动词是第三人称单数，在动词前加doesn’t，动词用原形。1)Shehasabasketball.→Shedoesn’thaveabasketball2)MarialikesChina.→Mariadoesn’tlikeChina.3)JanecomesfromtheU.S.A.→Janedoesn’tcomefromtheU.S.A.练习：将下列句子变成否定句。1.Iamateacher.→I______ateacher.2.Wearestudents.→We________students.3.Janeisagirl.→Jane____agirl.4.TheylikeEnglish.→They_____likeChinese5.IcomefromChina.→I_______comefromChina.6.HelikesChinese.→He_______likeChinese.7.MariacomesfromCuba.→Maria______comefromCuba.8.WeknowMaria.→We________knowMaria二.肯定句变一般疑问句句子中有be，把be提到句首1)Iamastudent.→Areyouastudent?2)Theyareblue.→Aretheyblue?3)HeisTom.→IsheTom?2.谓语是动词原形，在句首加do。1).Ihaveabook.→Doyouhaveabook?2)TheylikeChinese.→DotheylikeChinese?3)WecomefromChina.→DoyoucomefromChina?3.谓语动词是第三人称单数，在句首加Does，动词用原形。1)Shehasabasketball.→Doesshehaveabasketball?2)MarialikesChina.→DoesMarialikeChina?3)JanecomesfromtheU.S.A.→DoesJanecomefromtheU.S.A?4)SheknowsMaria.→DoessheknowMaria?练习:将下列句子变成一般疑问句。1.Iamateacher.________ateacher?2.Theyarestudents.____________students?3.Janeisagirl.____________agirl?4.TheylikeEnglish.____theylikeEnglish?5.IcomefromChina.____youcomefromChina?6.HelikesChinese.____he_____Chinese?7.MariacomesfromAmerica._____Maria_____fromAmerica?8.WespeakChinese._____you_____Chinese?三.一般疑问句做肯定,否定回答1.AreyouMaria?肯定回答：Yes,Iam.否定回答：No,I’mnot.2.问句和答语的动词保持一致.1)Areyouastudent?肯:Yes,Iam.否：No,I’mnot.2)IsheJack?肯：_______________.否：_______________.3)DotheylikeChinese?肯：_______________.否：_______________.4)Doesshehaveabasketball?肯：_______________.否：_______________.3.问句和答语中的主语保持一致。（必须用主格）1)IsJanefromtheU.S.A?肯:Yes,sheis.否:No，sheisn’t.2)DoesLiHuacomefromChina?肯：_______________.否：_______________.3)DoJaneandMarialikeChina?肯：_______________.否：_______________.4)Isthisaruler?肯：_______________.否：_______________.5)Isthatadesk?肯：_______________.否：_______________.6)Arethesebooks?肯：_______________.否：_______________.7)Arethosepencils?肯：_______________.否：_______________.8)Aretheseerasers?肯：_______________.否：_______________.9)Isthatanorange?肯：_______________.否：_______________.练习：给下列句子做肯定回答或否定回答。1.Areyouastudent?Yes,____________.No,______________.2.DotheylikeEnglish?Yes,_______________.No,_______________.3.IsJaneagirl?Yes,________________.No,________________..4.DoesMarialikeChina?Yes,_______________.No,_______________.5.IsJennyastudent?Yes,_______________No,_______________.6.Isthatagirl?Yes,_______________No,_______________.7.Arethosetelephones?Yes,_______________No,_______________.8.DoesTomknowJane?Yes,_______________No,_______________.9.DotheycomefromtheU.S.A?Yes,__________________No,_______________.10.Isthisanegg?Yes,__________________No,_______________四.对划线部分提问.口诀：一选二变三问号:一选是分析句意，先选疑问词，代替划线部分（划线部分去掉），二变是把剩余部分变成一般疑问句（疑问词作主语时除外），第三步