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720054364-371,J.Taylor11(CG)R.Langacker1987,1991,2000,(CG),Lakoff(1987),Taylor(1996)CG2002Taylor,LangackerCG,,,(2002:36),,,CG,,,,()(),,:(1),Taylor,CG;(2),CG(CL)(Langacker1999:13),CL,CL(Taylor2002:1-3),CGCL,CG:,,CG,,(construal:);,;,CG,2.TaylorCG2002,28,,621,,2.1,CG,1CGCL2-3CG,Langacker:,463:©1995-2006TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,(Symbolicunit),Langacker,:Arbitrarinessisnotpartofthedefinitionofsymbolicunits.Mostsymbolicrelationshipsarelessthanfullyarbitrary.(1987:12)CG:()CG:,CGLangacker,,CL,,CG,CG,,(,)(GrammaticalConstruction,:),,,,,:,,Taylor(2002:22):4,Taylor,,,,-Taylor:-(schema2instance),CL,Taylor,5,,,,()6,,,CL(kickthebucket),(yourdeaduncleisstillalive.),(youareapig),(theballunderthetable),(itishotinhere!)2.2,7-,,;,56320054©1995-2006TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.-,,,,,Rosch(basiclevelcategory)-,,Taylor-,,8,,9,,10Langacker:(profile)(base)(domain)11,12(,-),,:-,-,-,13,,CG2.3,14,Langacker15,,CG,:2ive,2tive,2ptive,2ative,1000(type),1000,16,Taylor:,,,,,PinkerPrince:(),Taylor,,17():(1):,,(2):(3):(valence),,,(clitic)663©1995-2006TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.(4):,,2s,in2,,lookupachimneylookupawordinthedictionarylookup(5):,,,,,(6):(entrenchment),2.4,Langacker-,(thingness),,,grounding/(boundedvsunbounded),grounding,thegrounded182019;2018-,(house),(thehouse,anoldhouse)Taylor19,-,,,,car,,,,car,meat,meat,,CG,,,Lakoff(1987:428),:,,,,,,20,(walk),(walked);,76320054©1995-2006TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,,,21,,,,,,:1()2()3(),4,:sell,buy,,,,thereit,2.5,22(domain),:,,(),(),,,(constructed),(emerging)23,,,,,:,,1987Lakoff:Dyirbal,balan,,,2.6,,CL24LakoffLakoffJohnson,,,,,,,LangackerTalmy863©1995-2006TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.;Wierzbicka,Jackendoff,Taylor,CLTaylor:(1),,?,,,,,?(2),,LakoffJohnson(3),(4),:Thesurgeonisabutcher.,?,Taylor-Lakoff,,,IDEASARELOCATIONS(1)APREMISEISASTARTINGPOINT(2)ACONCLUSIONISADESTINATION,:(1)Westartedoutfromthesepremises.Icanseewhereyouprecomingfrom.(2)Wecametotheseconclusions.Whereareyouheading?25JackendoffandLangackerongo,TaylorJackendoffLangackergo:go,26AlternativestoMetaphor,,:LakoffJohnson,,:,,,Langacker,,JohnsonTalmy,FauconnierTurner2.7,96320054©1995-2006TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.2728(construction),3.TaylorCG,CL:(1),CG,CL,:CL,(2),,(3)CGCL,,,Taylor(:--),:-/-Langacker,,3(),,(4)CG,CG,CL,(5),(:OxfordTextbooksinLinguistics),CL(6),(7),,,Lakoff,G.1987.Women,Fire,andDangerousThings:WhatCategoriesRevealabouttheMind.Chicago,IL:TheUniversityofChicagoPress.Lakoff,G.andM.Johnson.1980.MetaphorsWeLiveBy.Chicago,IL:TheUniversityofChicagoPress..1999.PhilosophyintheFlesh:TheEmbodiedMindanditsChallengetoWesternThought.NewYork:BasicBooks.Langacker,R.W.1982.Spacegrammar,analysability,andtheEnglishpassive.Language59:22-80..1987.FoundationsofCognitiveGrammarVol.I:TheoreticalPrerequisites.Stanford,CA:Stanford073©1995-2006TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.UniversityPress..1991.FoundationsofCognitiveGrammarVol.II:DescriptiveApplication.Stanford,CA:StanfordUniversityPress..1999.Assessingthecognitivelinguisticenterprise.InT.JassenandG.Redeker,eds.,CognitiveLinguistics:Foundation,Scope,andMethodology.Berlin:MoutondeGruyter.Pp.13-59.Reed,S.K.1972.PsychologicalProcessesinPatternRecognition.NewYork:AcademicPress.Rice,Sally.1996.Propositionalprototypes.InM.PtzandR.Dirven,eds.,TheConstrualofSpaceinLanguageandThought.Berlin:MoutondeGruyter.Pp.135-65.Taylor,John.1996.PossessivesinEnglish:AnExplorationinCognitiveGrammar.Oxford:OxfordUniversityPress..1989.LinguisticCategorization:PrototypesinLinguisticTheory.Oxford:OxfordUniversityPress..2002.CognitiveGrammar.Oxford:OxfordUniversityPress.Ungerer,F.andH.J.Schmid.1996.AnIntroductiontoCognitiveLinguistics.London:Longman.,1994,R.W.Langacker1,12-20,1993,:,2003a,3,135-40,2003b,1,20-5,2004a,1,1-6,2004b,5,1-5:40003117320054©1995-2006TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.