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Unit2Workingtheland一、语言要点I单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）词汇部分词语辨析1.expand/extend/spread/stretch2.occupation/job/work/employment/career/profession词形变化1.hungern.[u]饥饿；欲望hungryadj.饥饿的2.expandv.使变大；伸展expansionn.[u,c]扩大；扩展3.satisfyvt.使某人满意达到要求；满足需要satisfiedadj.对……表示满意satisfactory/sarisfyingadj.令人满意的satisfactionn.满意4.freeadj.&adv.自由的(地)免费的(地)vt.解放freedomn.自由5.equipvt.&vi.配备；装备equipmentn.[u]装备；设备6.discovervt.发现，找到discoveryn.被发现的事物，发现discoverern.发现者重点单词1.strugglevi.&n.斗争；拼搏；努力2.equipvt.&vi.配备；装备3.regret(regretted)vt.(对……)遗憾；惋惜n.[c,u]遗憾；惋惜4.reducevt.&vi.减少；减缩5.focusvt.&vi.集中(注意力)；聚焦n.[c,u]焦点；中心点6.commentvi.&vt.表达意见；作出评论n.[c,u]评论；议论重点词组1.thanksto幸亏；由于；因为(有时作反语)2.ridsb./sth.of使某人某物摆脱3.besatisfiedwith对……表示满足或满意4.wouldrather宁愿……5.buildup逐渐建立；逐渐增强体质；积累；开发6.leadto导致；造成（后果）；通往7.keep...freefrom/of使……免受(影响/伤害)；使……不含(有害物)重点句子1.In1974,hebecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworldtogrowricethathasahighoutput.2.Thisspecialstrainofricemakesitpossibletoproduceone-thirdmoreofthecropinthesamefields.重点语法V-ing的基本用法（见语法部分）II词语辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料)1.expand/extend/spread/stretch【解释】expand指向四面八方的扩大扩张extend强调向某一方向的延长spread指消息，疾病，瘟疫等的传播、蔓延，也指把某物铺开，把胳膊张开stretch指手掌，手臂，腰，腿，颈由曲变直，由短变长的伸展或伸出，多与out连用【练习】用expand，extend，spread，stretch的适当形式填空。1).Theman_______theinformationaround.2).Theempire_______itscountryinthe16thcentury.3).Theroadbuildersworkedhardto_______thehighway.4).She_______outherhandstomeetme.5).Theprojectwill_______thecity’stelephonenetworktocover1000000users.Keys:1).spread2).expanded3).extend4).stretch5).expand2.occupation/job/work/employment/career/profession【解释】occupation指一个人经常担任的工作，不论是否领取工资。job非正式用语，指一份固定的赚钱工作，不论是否需要技术和特殊训练。work多用来指工作本身，平常我们每做一件事无论大小，都可以称为work。employment指受雇于他人，领取工资谋生计，并且比较固定的工作。career指职业、事业；指某种经过特殊训练而又为之献身的终身事业，带有崇高色彩。profession指那些必须受到特殊教育及训练才可胜任，带有专业性质的工作，多为创造性的脑力劳动。【练习】用occupation，job，work，employment，career，profession的适当形式填空。1).Shehasagood________inthebank.2).Sheisanarchitectby________.3).Sheabandonedherstage________.4).Graduatesarefindingitmoreandmoredifficulttofind________.5).Pleasewritedownyourname,________andaddresshereintheform.Keys:1).job2).profession/occupation3).career4).employment5).occupationIII词性变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）1.hungern.[u]饥饿；欲望hungryadj.饥饿的2.expandv.使变大；伸展expansionn.[u,c]扩大；扩展3.satisfyvt.使某人满意达到要求；满足需要satisfiedadj.对……表示满意satisfactory/sarisfyingadj.令人满意的satisfactionn.满意4.freeadj.&adv.自由的(地)免费的(地)vt.解放freedomn.自由5.equipvt.&vi.配备；装备equipmentn.[u]装备；设备6.discovervt.发现，找到discoveryn.被发现的事物，发现discoverern.发现者【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。1).InsomepoorAfricanareas,manychildrendiedof________(hungry)everyyear.2).Thebasicneedsoftheworldpopulationshould________(satisfy)first.3).Thesurveyfoundthatmengotgreater________(satisfy)fromcaringfortheirfamiliesthantheydidfromwork.4).Therapid________(expand)ofcitiescancausesocialandeconomicproblems.5).Weweretoldtokeepalloursports________(equip)inthelockersdownstairs.6).Thepeoplethereenjoycomplete________(free)ofspeech.7).The________(discover)ofelectricitywasFranklin.8).Likemany________(discover),atomicpowercanbeusedforgoodorevil.Keys:1).hunger2).besarisfied3).satisfaction4).expansion5).equipment6).freedom7).discoverer8).discoveriesIV重点词汇（旨在提供综合运用所需材料）1.strugglevi.&n.斗争；拼搏；努力[典例]1).Theywerestrugglingtogetouttheburningcar.他们挣扎着从烧着的车里往外爬。2).Thebookisabouttheirstruggleforliberation.这本书写的是他们为解放而作的斗争。[词语归纳]strugglefor为……而斗争strugglewith/against与……作斗争struggletodosth.努力做某事straggletoone’sfeet挣扎着站起来alife-and-deathstruggle生死搏斗[练习]按要求填空或翻译。1).Theyare________(为……而斗争)theposition2).Theystruggledallthroughtheyears______us_______theJapanese.(介词)3).Thefoxstruggled________(escape).4).He____________________________(挣扎着站起来)anddraggedslowlyahead.Keys:1).strugglingfor2).with;against3).toescape4).struggledtohisfeet2.equipvt.&vi.配备；装备equipmentn.[u]装备；设备[典例]1).Theyequippedthemselvesfortheexpedition.他们为远征治装。2).Agoodeducationshouldequipyouforlife.有良好的教育能受用终生。[重点用法]equipsb./sth.with用……武装某人；用……装备某物equipsb./sth.for为……而武装某人；为……而装备某物apieceofofficeequipment一件办公设备[练习]按要求填空或翻译。1).Thesoldierswerewell______________(装备好了)weapons.2).Wemustequipyoungteachers_____________________(对付)difficultchildren.3).Thislibraryisequipped_______(介词)atomicresearch.4).Ourclassroom_____________________(装备有)acomputerandataperecorder.Keys:1).equippedwith2).todealwith3).for4).isequippedwith3.regret(regretted)vt.(对……)遗憾；惋惜n.[c,u]遗憾；惋惜[典例]1).Ifyougonow,you’llregretit.假若你现在就走,一定得後悔。2).Iregrettosaythejobhasbeenfilled.十分抱歉,那个工作已经有人做了。[重点用法]regrettosay/tell/announce/inform遗憾地说/告诉/宣布/通知regretdoing/havingdonesth.后悔已做了某事regretthat遗憾/后悔…[练习]用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空或翻译。1).Inowregret_______(leave)schoolsoyoung.2).____________________________(非常抱歉),Iamunabletoacceptyourinvitation.3).Iregret_______(inform)youthatyourcontractwillnotberenewed.Keys:1).leaving/havingdone2).Muchtomyregret/Tomygreatregret3).toinform4.reducevt.&vi.减少；减缩reductionn.缩减，减少，降低[典例]1).Hereducedhisweightfrom98to92kilos/by6kilos.他把体重从98公斤减少到92公斤。2).ThereformhasreducedustoservantsoftheState.这一改革把我们都降为公务员了。[重点用法]reducesth(from...)to...把某物从……减少到……reducesth.by...减少多少[练习]根据句子意思填入正确的介词。1).Wemustreduceourexpenses______300yu