中考英语首字母填空解题技巧讲解学法指导1.总述首字母填空既考查学生对语法、词汇、句型、搭配等基础知识的综合运用能力,也考查了学生对文章的阅读理解能力。其中,着重考查学生在具体的语境中运用语言知识的能力,根据文章内容进行合理的逻辑推断和分析概括的能力。一般来讲,在考试中,七个首字母,会涉及到不同词性。以名词、动词、形容词和副词为主,虚词为辅。2.解题技巧(1)通读全文,了解大意通读全文的目的是能够做到整体把握文章,迅速的了解文章大意,并且对文章的整体结构和中心思想有一个基本的了解。通读全文时,不宜看一空填一空,以免造成所填答案不符合全文的要求。(2)把握段首句中考的首字母往往以议论文为主,而段落的开首句,往往揭示了整段的段意。因此在考试中,把握好段首句,可以窥探到整段的全貌,以首句的时态,意义为立足点,可以方便我们判断整段的大意及主题。(3)抓住关键词文章的展开是按照一定的逻辑关系的,因此在文章中,作者也会使用一些关键的表现逻辑关系联词,例如:but、so、inaddition等。这些关键词,可以帮助我们联系上下文展开合理的逻辑分析,了解所提问的特定语境和语篇的内在关系。(4)熟悉考纲词组的固定搭配考纲搭配在中考的考查中占据了重要的位置,而在首字母中,也出现过直接考查固定搭配的情况,因此,在平时的学习过程中,需要巩固好考纲词组。(5)联系上下文解题在解题过程中,应当遵循“先易后难”的原则,当遇到解不出的题时,应当跳过。首字母填空着重考查学生对上下文的理解,因此,很多情况下,随着下文的展开和文章的深入,前面填不出的词,在下文中会有提示。因此,学生在作答时,应当加强联系前后文,充分利用上下文中的有效信息,确定答案。(6)重读文章,检验答案当全部答完后,一定要把文章重新读一遍。查看文章是否通顺,语法是否有误。如果发现有不顺畅的地方,则需要再进行推敲。个别单词的形式要着重注意。例如:动词的时态,名词的单复数以及形容词副词的级。过关检测练习1Maryandherhusband,RichardGoldman,lovedbooks.Likemanyloversofbooks,theys_____81_____walkedpastabookstorewithoutstoppingtolookinside.Theyoftentalkedofopeningtheirownstoreoneday.Inordertorealizetheirw_____82_____,theystartedbytalkingtobookstoreownersandresearchingbookbusiness.Onefigurecaughtherattention:Shehadreadsomewherethatabout20percentofbookssoldweremysteries(推理小说),andmanybuyersofmysteriesspentmorethan$300ayearonbooks.SheandRichardweremysteryr_____83_____andhadabigcollectionofsuchbooks.OnHalloween1992,theyopenedtheMysteryLoversBookshopandCaféneartheirhome.Withthreechildrenincollege,itwasi_____84_____forthecoupletospendallthefamily’smoneytostartashop.Tocoverthe$100,000cost,theyusedsomeoftheirsavings,borrowedfromrelativesandfromabank.Inordertoa_____85_____customers,Maryalwayshadnewways.Theshophadacoffeebaranditofferedpresentstomysteryloversandserveddinnerforbookclubsthatmetinthestore.Shealsoinvitedmanywriterstod_____86_____theirstorieswiththebuyerstoletthemunderstandthestoriesbetter.Nowafterpayingtaxes,businesscostsandthesixpart-timesalesclerks,RichardandMarytogetherearnabout$34,000.“Thejobwelovemaynotgohandinhandwithlotsofmoney,”saysRichard.“Wedothistogiveane_____87_____lifetoourselves.Thisisnotaboutmakingalotofmoney.Whatmattersisthatwegainhappinessfromit.”【参考答案】seldom、wish、readers、impossible、attract、discuss、enjoyable小结本篇文章描述了一对夫妇,因为热爱读书,最终也开了一家自己的书店的经历。文章难度适中。很多学生容易出错的是86题。很多学生填的是describe(描述),错误的原因是没有看到后面的介词搭配“with”,如果是describe的话,适当的介词应该选用“to”。因此,在做首字母时,需要前后文综合考虑。另外,最后一题,很多学生写的是exiting,但是没有注意到文章最后一句“gainhappiness”,因此这里填enjoyable(快乐的)更为合适。词汇积累:单词词性含义单词词性含义researchv.研究collectionn.收藏couplen.夫妇relativen.亲戚servev.服务,提供earnv.挣,赚realizeone’swish实现某人愿望catchone’sattention吸引注意inordertodo为了做某事gainhappiness获得快乐练习2Mostpeopleknowthatintelligencequotient(IQ)isimportant,butEQisprobablymoreimportantindailylife.Whenfacinganexam,EQhelpsustomanageourfeelings.Whengettingalongwithfriendsorparents,EQhelpsustoc_____81_____well.EQisshapedpartlybygenetics(基因).Youcanseesomebabiesarequiet,whileothersarenot.B_____82_____,EQissomethingyoucanlearnforyourself.Youcanlearnwhatdifferentfeelingsmightmeanandhowtheyrelatetoyourselfandothers.Ifwelearnintherightway,ourEQcangetbetteraswegetolder.ChildrenwithahighEQusuallyhavegreatersuccesswithmakingfriends.HavingahighEQneedsafewdifferentskills.Learningabouttheseskillscanhelpustoi_____83_____ourEQ.Butwhatarethey?Let’stakealook!1.KnowyourselfMostpeoplefeelmanydifferentfeelingst_____84_____theday.Somefeelingslikesurpriselastjustafewseconds.Others,likehappinessandsadness,maystayaroundmuchl_____85_____.BeingabletorecognizetheseeverydayfeelingsisthemostbasicofallEQskills.2.ManageyourselfWeallgetangry.Weallhavedisappointments.Butweneedtocontrolit.Itisnotalwaystherighttimeorplacetoexpressourfeelings.Whenyouareangrywithsomeone,takeadeepbreathands_____86_____countto10.Thisway,youcancalmdown.3.EncourageyourselfWhenyoufailanexam,youmaybedisappointed.Butthereissomethingmoreeffectiveyoucando—learntoencourageyourself.Itgivesyoutheenergyandc_____87_____tomoveon.Ithelpsyoutobuildastrongheart.【参考答案】communicate、Besides、improve、throughout/through、longer、slowly/silently/simply、confidence/courage小结本篇文章向我们介绍了什么是情商,并且如何提高情商。文章有一定的难度,选材并不属于学生特别熟悉的范畴。另外,所填的词属于较难高频词,对于成绩中等或者偏下的学生来说,具有一定的杀伤力。因此,在平时的学习中,应当着重加强高频词汇的拼写和运用。另外,在填写首字母时,也应当注意所填词的正确形式。例如,本文中85题前有much,因此注意到所填词需要用比较级。词汇积累:单词词性含义单词词性含义communicatev.交流improvev.提高lastv.持续recognizev.认出controlv.控制disappointedadj.失望的effectiveadj.有效的encouragev.鼓励energyn.能量confidencen.信心faceanexam面对考试getalongwith与某人相处manageourfeelings管理我们情绪takeadeepbreath深呼吸练习3Youknowthateatingasensibledietandgettingplentyofexercisehelpmakeyourbodyhealthyandstrong.Butdoyouknowthattherearewaystomakeyourbrainhealthierandsmarter?Herearesevenstepstowardasmarterbrain.LimityourTVviewingNeverspendtoomuchtimeonTVviewing,foritn_____81_____verylittlebrainactivities.Yourbrainwillbecomeweakjustasyourmusclesdo.IfyoudowatchTV,choosesomethingeducationalandmeaningful.TravelTravellingtoa_____82_____countryforcesyoutoseeanddothingsinafreshway,bringingstimulationtothebrain.LearnanewalanguageLearninganewlanguageinvolvesdifferentlearningmethods.Learningalanguagesharpensyourbrainsandhelpspreventmemoryp_____83_____