英语语法填空解题策略2.1解题步骤语法填空有其自身解题步骤可供借鉴。具体如下:(1)通览全文、理解文章大意、弄清文章结构通览全文的目的是把握文章大意,为“填空”做好“语意”上的准备。篇章层面的理解主要包括文章主旨要义的理解,作者观点、意图、立场,句与句之间的关系以及时态变换四个方面。了解全文大意,弄清全文脉络,弄清空格的句意。同时要特别注意整篇文章的时态转换,并把表示时空顺序的标志词及时间状语画出来。(2)理解句子意思、分析句子结构、找出相应成分、注意前后文联系分析句子结构是答题的关键一步。做题时,首先确定句子的各个成分,还要注意各成分之间的联系。此时,要借助上下文的暗示或明示,确定需要填入词语的词性、形式和功能。(3)充分利用已有提示有括号提示的空格可视作已知条件,要充分利用。先着手填入有括号的词语,注意时态、语态和名词的单复数。所剩的空格越少,文章的大意越清晰,语法填空的难度也就相对降低。(4)注意短语和句型对于一些固定短语和句型一定要熟记,这对于正确解题帮助很大。(5)不要忘记再次通读全文,检查是否符合语法、前后逻辑等填空完成后要再次重读全篇,仔细核查全文语法是否正确,语意是否通顺,是否符合逻辑等。同时要注意检查单词拼写是否正确,书写是否规范,大小写有无疏漏等细节。2.2考点攻略2.2.1有提示词2.2.1.1动词考点(1)若句子中没有谓语,或已有谓语,但所填词与他是并列关系,填的词则是谓语动词。同时还需要考虑动词的时态语态,时态语态考虑要瞻前顾后。1.“Ifsomethingdoesnothappensoon,”Isaidtomyself,“I(burn)alive!”【详细解析】willbeburnt考查时态和语态。如果不采取行动,作者将被烧死,在if引导的条件状语从句中主句需要用将来时,且为被动语态。2.Hewasworkingontheassumptionthatifheproducedacloneofthedog,hisboss(approve)hispromotion.【详细解析】wouldapprove考查动词时态。根据if从句的时态produced可知主句用wouldapprove。3.Thescientistscreamedandfledfromtheroomasanypossibilityofpromotion(disappear)inthatinstant.【详细解析】disappeared考查动词时态,本句中as引导的从句的主语是anypossibilityofpromotion,整个故事都是以过去时态叙述的,故本空用谓语动词的过去式。4.Aftersuccessfullyraisingthealarm,Baileywentdownstairstotrytogetout.Buthe(catch)inthefire.【详细解析】wascaught考查动词时态和语态。becaughtinthefire意为“被困在大火中”。整个文章都是叙述过去发生过的事情,故用过去时态;且主语he和catch之间的为被动关系,所以答案为wascaught。5.Spidermanisoneofthemostfamouscomicbookheroesofalltime.HewascreatedbyStanLeein1963.He(introduce)totheworldinthepagesofMarvelcomicbooks.【详细解析】wasintroduced考查动词时态语态。本句话的主语He指的是Spiderman,和introduce“介绍”之间是被动关系,同时时间状语是in1963,故用过去时态,所以本空填wasintroduced.6.Yetopportunityaloneisnotenoughtocreatesuccess;itmust(seize)andacteduponinordertohavevalue.【详细解析】beseized考查被动语态。机会必须“被”抓住,对它采取行动,它才有价值。7.Kerndiedin1945attheageofsixty.ButsingerscontinuetolikeKern’ssongsbecausetheycan(sing)inmanydifferentways.【详细解析】besung考查动词语态。主语they指的是Kern’ssongs,和动词sing之间是被动关系。根据can可知本空用的是情态动词的被动语态,故填besung。8.Ifyouletababygraspastickandtrytopullitaway,hewillholditmoreandmoretightlyuntilhiswholeweight(hang)up.【详细解析】ishung考查被动语态。婴儿不会放下棒子,直到它整个地“被”提起,故用被动语态ishung。【牛刀小试】1.IwascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseI(tell)bymyclassmatesthatshelovedhotfood.【解析】wastold考查谓语动词时态和语态。根据句子整体的时态是一般过去式,再根据“我”是“被告知”,得出答案是wastold。2.Hisfearoffailure(keep)himfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedwithjoy.【解析】kept考查动词时态。根据句子整体的时态played得出这里也需要使用过去式,得出答案是kept。3.Thecountrylifehewasusedto(change)greatlysincetheopeningpolicy.【解析】haschanged考查动词时态。根据句意,“自从开放以来,他曾经习惯的乡村生活已经发生了巨大变化”可知,答案考查现在完成时。所以答案为haschanged。注意这道题目不能填写changing,句中hewasusedto是定语,修饰countrylife的,不能看作考查固定搭配beusedtodoing4.Thatwasdefinitelynotanattractiveidea,soIpolitelydeclinedherinvitation,(close)mybookandwalkedaway.【解析】closed考查动词时态。在so引导的状语从句里面,根据句中and可知decline/close/walk这三个词都是并列的动词,故填过去式closed。(2)若句子中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语时,所给动词就考虑用非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用—ing形式、—ed形式,还是不定式形式。(友情提醒:该知识点的考查需要考生熟练掌握非谓语动词用法)1.Ashewasthinking,themixturethickened.Hestaredimpatientlyatit,(wait)fortheshapeoftheanimalthatwouldshortlyemerge.【详细解析】waiting考查非谓语动词。本句话的谓语动词是started,空格处用非谓语动词,wait和主语He之间是主动关系,用现在分词waiting。2.IcameacrossaninterestingstorywhenIvisitedmycousininHenanProvince,China.Mycousingrewupwithagirl(call)LiShichunnextdoor.【详细解析】called考查非谓语动词。本句话的谓语动词是grewup,本空用非谓语动词作定语,agirl和call之间是被动关系,故用过去分词作定语,相当于whowascalled。3.Buthermotherwouldn’tlikeherdaughter(have)thatnamebecauseshethoughtthatsoundedtoomuchlikeaboy’sname.【详细解析】tohave考查非谓语动词。wouldlikesb.todosth.意为“想让某人做某事”,故本空填tohave。4.She,togetherwithherclassmates,endsup(be)determinedtobecomeanengineerandcontributetothesociety!“过去常常做某事”的用法。【详细解析】becoming考查非谓语动词。endupdoing意为“以……而告终”。5.Ifhiscolleaguesheardabouthisefforts,theywouldbebound(4)(stop)him.【详细解析】tostop考查非谓语动词。beboundtodosth.意为“一定会做某事”,故本空填tostop。【牛刀小试】1.(follow)bymanyfans,thesingerwalkedoutofthehall.【解析】Followed考查非谓语动词。句子中已经有了谓语动词walkedoutof,因此这里只能用非谓语动词的形式,而这里歌手是被很多粉丝跟随,故填followed,放在句首需要首字母大写。2.(follow)thefamoussinger,thecrazyfanswalkedoutofthehall.【解析】Following考查非谓语动词。句子中已经有了谓语动词walkedoutof,因此这里只能用非谓语动词形式,而这里粉丝们是主动跟随着那个有名的歌手,且非谓语动词与谓语动词没有先后关系,故填following,放在句首需大写。3.Theworkers(build)thebridgecamefromalloverthecountry.【解析】building考查非谓语动词。句子中已经有了谓语动词came,因此这里只能填写非谓语动词,而这里工人们是正在修这个桥的,因此填写building。4.Thenovels(write)byMoYanarepopular,attractingmoreandmorereaders.【解析】written考查非谓语动词。句子中已经有谓语动词are,因此这里只能填写非谓语动词,而这里小说是被莫言写的,故填written。5.(take)exerciseisofgreatbenefittous.【解析】Taking考查非谓语动词。句子中已经有谓语动词is了,因此这里只能填写非谓语动词,这里是动名词短语taking,放在句首首字母需要大写。6.(catch)thefirstbus,hegotupearly.【解析】Tocatch考查非谓语动词。句子中语境有了非谓语动词got了,因此只能填写非谓语动词,这里根据句义“为了赶上第一班车,他起床很早”,因此填写tocatch,表目的。放在句首需要首字母大写。2.2.1.2词性转化考点词性转换题要先确定在句中的成分,根据该词在句子中所作那种成分来确定使用(1)转化成名词作主语、及物动词或介词后宾语,在冠词、形容词性物主代词后,或“冠词+词”后,用名词形式;有时需要注意名词单复数。1.Later,shebecamefamouswhensheinventedanewwayofholdingupsuspension(悬架)(bridge)duringthebuildingprocess.【详细解析】bridges考查名词复数。bridge是可数名词,前面没有限定词修饰,故用复数形式。2.Graduallythecellsbegantoform.Acreaturebegantogrowanddevelop(claw)andfeathers!【详细解析】claws考查名词复数。and连接并列词,空格处的词语与features词性并列,故填名词复数形式claws。3.Itwastheschoolholidays,soher(daughter)LorenandMollie,17andsix,and11-year-oldsonCharlieweresleepinginbed.【