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2018“外研社杯”全国英语写作大赛样题比赛考查题型说明：1.初赛和复赛：比赛题型为议论文写作1篇（500词左右）、说明文/应用文写作1篇（300-500词），写作时间共120分钟，满分100分。2.决赛：比赛题型为议论文写作1篇（800词左右）、记叙文写作1篇（600-800词），写作时间共180分钟，满分100分。注：本样题中，说明文和应用文以初/复赛赛题为例，议论文和记叙文以决赛赛题为例。样题仅供了解题型，不提供参考答案。类型1说明文写作（ExpositoryWriting）比赛内容：选手完成一篇说明文写作（300-500词）。侧重考查选手解说事物、阐明事理的能力，以及运用知识、观察理解、梳理分析、提炼总结、跨文化沟通的综合能力。评分标准（总分50分）：ExpositoryWritingContent/Ideas(40%)1.Writingeffectivelyaddressesthetopicandthetask;2.Writingpresentsaclearthesis;3.Writingmaintainsaformalstyleandanobjectivetone.Organization/Development(30%)1.Writingiswell-organizedandwell-developed,usingappropriatedevelopmentpatterns(e.g.,definition,illustration,casualanalysis,processanalysis,classification,comparison/contrast,etc.)tosupportthethesisortoillustrateideas;2.Writingdisplayscoherence,progression,consistencyandunity;3.Textualelementsarewell-connectedthroughexplicitlogicaland/orlinguistictransitions.Language(30%)1.Spellingisaccurate;2.Writingdisplaysconsistentfacilityinuseoflanguage;3.Writingdemonstratesappropriateregister,syntacticvariety,andeffectiveuseofvocabulary.Sampletask1Writeapassagebasedonthechartbelow.ThechartshowsthehourlyAQI(AirQualityIndex)inBeijing,ShanghaiandGuangzhouonthesameday.Inyourwriting,youshouldsummarizetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeaturesandmakecomparisonswhererelevant.Youshouldwriteatleast300wordsbutnomorethan500words.(Suggestedcompletiontime:60minutes)Note:AQI0-50Good51-100Moderate101-150Lightlypolluted151-200Moderatelypolluted201-300Heavilypolluted300Severelypolluted类型2应用文写作（PracticalWriting）比赛内容：选手完成一篇应用文写作（300-500词）。侧重考查选手使用得体的格式、内容和语言实现有效沟通、达到交际目的的能力。评分标准（总分50分）：PracticalWritingContent/Ideas(40%)1.Writingfulfillsthecommunicativepurposes;2.Writingpresentsclearintentionwithsupportingdetails;3.Writingusesproperstyle,formatandtone.Organization/Development(30%)1.Writingiswell-organizedandwell-developed,usingappropriatedevelopmentpatterns(e.g.,definition,illustration,casualanalysis,processanalysis,classification,comparison/contrast,etc.)toservethecommunicativepurposes;2.Writingdisplayscoherence,progression,consistencyandunity;3.Textualelementsarewell-connectedthroughexplicitlogicaland/orlinguistictransitions.Language(30%)1.Spellingisaccurate;2.Writingdisplaysconsistentfacilityinuseoflanguage;3.Writingdemonstratesappropriateregister,syntacticvariety,andeffectiveuseofvocabulary.Sampletask2WriteanapplicationletterfortheUNESCOinternshipbasedontheinformationbelow.Inyourwriting,pleasedonotuserealnamesoraddresses.Youshouldwriteatleast300wordsbutnomorethan500words.(Suggestedcompletiontime:60minutes)UNESCOInternshipProgrammeTheUNESCOInternshipProgrammeoffersselectedgraduateandpostgraduatestudentstheopportunitytosupplementtheiracademicknowledgewithpracticalworkassignmentsandtoenablethemtogainabetterunderstandingofUNESCO'sresponsibilitiesasaninternationalorganization.Thedurationofaninternshipgenerallyrangesbetween2and6months.Thebasicrequirementsfortheinternshipprogrammeinclude:•Anexcellentknowledge,bothwrittenandspoken,ofatleastoneofUNESCO'sworkinglanguages(EnglishorFrench);•Abilitytousecomputersystems,emailandoffice-relatedsoftware(MSOffice);•Anawarenessofthemanyfacetsofamulticulturalworldandacommitmenttointernationalpublicservice.类型3议论文写作（ArgumentativeWriting）比赛内容：选手完成一篇议论文写作（800词左右）。侧重考查选手的文献阅读理解、信息综合处理、判断分析、逻辑思辨、评价论述等能力，展示选手的知识广度、视野维度、思想深度等综合素质。评分标准（总分50分）：ArgumentativeWritingContent/Ideas(40%)1.Writingeffectivelyaddressesthetopicandthetask;2.Writingpresentsaninsightfulpositionontheissue;3.Thepositionisstronglyandsubstantiallysupportedorargued.Organization/Development(30%)1.Writingiswell-organizedandwell-developed,usingappropriaterhetoricaldevices(e.g.exemplifications,classification,analysis,comparison/contrast,etc.)tosupportthethesisortoillustrateideas;2.Writingdisplayscoherence,progression,consistencyandunity;3.Textualelementsarewell-connectedthroughexplicitlogicaland/orlinguistictransitions.Language(30%)1.Spellingisaccurate;2.Writingdisplaysconsistentfacilityinuseoflanguage;3.Writingdemonstratesappropriateregister,syntacticvariety,andeffectiveuseofvocabulary.Sampletask3Readthefollowingparagraphswhichpresentcontradictoryviews.Writeapassageabouttheissue,clearlystatingyouropinionandexplainingyourreasons.Youshouldwriteabout800words.(Suggestedcompletiontime:90minutes)Apollconductedthisyearbyzhaopin.com,ajob-huntingservice,reportsthat6.3%of2015collegegraduateshopetostarttheirowncompanies.Thishasalmostdoubledthefigureforlastyear.DrivenbythistrendaswellasencouragedbytheChinesegovernment'spreferentialpoliciesforstartups(创业公司),manycollegeseniorsarefacingthedilemmaastowhethertotrytoestablishabusinessortolookforajobupongraduation.Somepeople,mostlyentrepreneurs-to-be,claimthatwiththeirpassion,opennessandcreativity,aswellastheirknowledge,graduatescanbringtheirpotentialintofullplaywhenbuildingastartup.Othersarguethatnewgraduates,whohavelongbeenintheivorytowerofeducation,willfindlaunchingabusinesstoodifficult.Apartfromfindingtheinitialinvestment,operatingastartupalsorequiresthemanagerialexperienceandsocialconnecti