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Module5BritishandAmericanEnglishCulturalCornerThemanwhomadespellingsimpleHaveyoueverusedthisdictionarybefore?Doyouknowwhowritesit?NoahWebsterThisisthemanwhomadespellingsimple厄诺·韦伯斯特NoahWebster厄诺·韦伯斯特(1758-1843)：他不仅是美国词典编纂者、课本编写者，还是拼写改革宣导者和政治家，被誉为“美国学术和教育之父”。他于1828年编纂了一本韦氏大词典，收集了七万多个词条，是第一本美国英语字典。在美国，他的名字等同于「词典」Listentothepassageandtrytofindouttheanswertothequestion:WhatreasonsdidWebsterhaveforwritinganAmericandictionary?simplifyhaveadistinctive“American”lookFastReadingMatchparagraphsPara.1Para.2Para.3Para.4Para.5Thedictionaryisastandardandfamousbook.Someexamplesofthesimplifiedwords.Suggestionofsimplifyingthespelling.TheintroductionofWebster.Thespellingofwordsdoesn’trepresentthesound.CarefulReadingAnswerthefollowingquestions.1.WhatarethetwoproblemswithEnglish?(Para.1)2.WhatreasonsdidWebsterhaveforwritinganAmericandictionary?(Para.2-3)3.FindoutthetwomainworksofWebster.(Para.3Para.5)1.WhatarethetwoproblemswithEnglish?(Para.1)Thespellingofwordsdoesnotalwaysrepresentthesound.Somewordsjustseemtohavetwomanyletters.2.WhatreasonsdidWebsterhaveforwritinganAmericandictionary?HewantedtosimplifythespellingofEnglishandmakeitlookdifferentfromBritishEnglish.3.FindoutthetwomainworksofWebster.TheElementarySpellingBookAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguageQuestion:CanyouseeanysimilaritiesbetweenWebster’sworkandattemptstosimplifyChinese?TheworkofsimplifyingChinesehasmadeitconvenientforpeopletoread,understandandusetheChineselanguage.SohasWebster’sworkforAmericanpeople.Languagepoints1.attemptvt./n.努力；尝试；企图attempttodosth.=makeanattempt{todosth.atdoingsth.试图做某事Heattemptedtobreaktheworldrecord.=Hemadeanattempttobreaktheworldrecord.即学即练：①他试图欺骗我，但被我发现了.He_________________________tocheatme,butIdiscoveredhistrick.attempted/madeanattempt2.thanksto由于,因为;幸亏,多亏.常位于句首,表感谢或讽刺意味。Thankstoyourhelp,wefinishedtheworkheadoftime.多亏你的帮助,我们提前完成了任务。Thankstothebadweather,thematchhadbeenputoff.多亏这倒霉的天气,比赛推迟了。3.criticize/criticisev.criticismn.批评criticizesb/sthfor(doing)sthDoctorshavecriticizedthegovernmentforfailingtoinvestenoughinthehealthservice.医生们批评政府没有在公共医疗卫生服务中充分投资。Hewascriticizedfornotfinishingtheworkintime.他因为没有及时完成工作而受到批评。4.blamev.责备、指责blamesbforsth=blamesthonsbsbistoblameforsth应（为...)承担责任Sheblamedhimforthefailureoftheirmarriage.Whichdriverwastoblamefortheaccident?她把婚姻的失败归咎于他.你不应该责怪他打破了花瓶.Youshouldn’tblamehimforbreakingthevase.5.adopt：vt.采用，采取，采纳;收养；接受Thefactorieshaveadoptedthenewestmoderntechnology.那几家工厂采用了现代的最新技术。Wewilladoptyoursuggestionadapt使适应,使适合(to)改编,改写(for)我们将采纳你的建议。Hetriedhardtoadapthimselftothenewconditions.5.难句剖析Bythe1850sitwassellingonemillioncopiesayear,makingitoneofthemostpopularschoolbooksever.划线部分是v.-ing形式作结果状语，表示前面的内容产生的结果（顺其自然）。Hedroppedtheglass,breakingitintopieces.表示意外的结果：todo即学即练：用所给动词的适当形式填空。1）wewaitedforthedoctorforthreehoursonly_____________(tell)wewouldhavetocomethenextday.2)Theplanewasshotdown,_______________(cause)thedeathofthepilot.tobetoldcausingThankyou!•美国独立之初，大约有60%的人说英语，并且口音各不相同。其他人说德语、瑞典语和荷兰语。肯德尔说，当时身为教师的韦伯斯特认为我们应该说美国英语。韦伯斯特的拼写方法更适合人们透过发音记住单词写法。例如，他把「centre」变成「center」；删除传统英语中的「u」，把「colour」变为「color」；去掉「musick」单词中多余的字母「k」。TrueorFalsequestions1.InEnglishthespellingofwordsalwaysrepresentthesound.2.Bythe1850sWebster`sfirstbookwassellingonebillioncopiesayear.FF3.RemovingsilentletterslikethesinislandorthefinaleinexaminewereadoptedinWebster`sdictionary.F4.AmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguageintroducedlotsofnewAmericanwords，withinformationabouttheirpronunciation,use,andthenewspelling.TWhatcanyoulearnfromNoahWebster?IwillpersistuntilIsucceed.②He____toescapefromtheprison,buthecouldn’tfindanybodytohelphim.A.succeededB.attemptedC.advisedD.offeredBTimeventuallygotfiredasaresultofhiscomplaintsabouthisjob.Thecaraccidentwasduetothedriver'scarelessness.Owingtothefiremen'sbravery,manypeoplewererescued.Becauseofhisbravery,hewonthegame.asaresultof:dueto:owingto:becauseof:3.fightagainst：与…作斗争〔争吵〕;反对…Theywerefightingagainsttheenemy.他们在和敌人作战。Wewillhavetofightagainstdifficulties.我们将不得不同困难作斗争。