William-Wordsworth华兹华斯详细英语简介

WilliamWordsworthWilliamWordsworthLectureOutline1.lifeexperienceandliteraryworks2.RomanticismandLakePoets3.Thecharacteristicsandliteraryposition4.AppreciationWilliamWordsworth(1770-1850)LifeExperienceMotherdiedwhenhewaseightandFatherdiedwhenhewas13Separatedfromhissister,Dorothy,in1778anddidnotseeheragainuntil1787VisitedFrancein1790In1795theWordsworthsstayedinacottageinDorset,wheretheymetSamuelTaylorColeridgeandRobertSouthey.IntheyearsaheadacloserelationshipdevelopedbetweenWilliam,DorothyandColeridge.poetlaureateWilliamWordsworth(1770-1850)RepresentativeoftheRomanticpoets.Hispoetryisavoiceofcomprehensivehumanityandonethatinspireshisaudiencetoseetheworldfreshly,sympatheticallyandnaturally.Distinguishedbythesimplicityandpurityofhislanguagespokenbythepeasants.HisSisterDorothyMadehimturnhiseyesto“thefaceofnature”andtakeaninterestinthepeasants.Inducedhimtotransformhisobservationofthelandscapeintotherevelationofthebeautyofnatureinpoetry.Wordsworthwroteofher:“Shegavemeeyes,shegavemeears;Andhumblecares,anddelicatefears;Aheart,thefountainofsweettears;Andlove,andthought,andjoy.”hissister,DorothyHiswifeMaryin1802,WordsworthmarriedMaryHutchinsonGravestoneofWordsworth,GrasmereLiteraryCareerBritishpoet,whospenthislifeintheLakeDistrictofNorthernEngland.WilliamWordsworthstartedwithSamuelTaylorColeridgetheEnglishRomanticmovementwiththeircollectionLYRICALBALLADSin1798.Whenmanypoetsstillwroteaboutancientheroesingrandiloquentstyle,Wordsworthfocusedonthenature,children,thepoor,commonpeople,inhispoem,heaimedatsimplicityandpurityofthelanguage,soheusedordinarywordstoexpresshispersonalfeelings.Hisdefinitionofpoetryasthespontaneousoverflowofpowerfulfeelingsarisingfromemotionrecollectedintranquillitywassharedbyanumberofhisfollowers.About1798hestartedtowritealargeandphilosophicalautobiographicalpoem,completedin1805,andpublishedposthumouslyin1850underthetitleThePrelude.In1843hesucceededRobertSouthey(1774-1843)as.Majorworks1.LyricalBallads(《抒情歌谣集》，1798):“WeAreSeven”“TinternAbbey”2.LucyPoems(《露茜》，1799):“SheDweltamongtheUntroddenWays”3.Sonnet(1802):“WestminsterBridge”“OdeonIntimationsofImmortalityfromRecollectionsofEarlyChildhood4PoemsinTwoVolume(1807):“IWanderedLonelyasaCloud”“TheSolitaryReaper”5ThePrelude(《序曲》，1850Wordsworth---poetryisspontaneousoverflowofpowerfulfeelings---natureinspirespoetry---commonsubjectscanbepoetic(theworldofsimple,naturalthings,inthecountrysideoramongthepeople)Hedevelopedakeenloveofnatureasayouth,andduringschoolvacationperiodshefrequentlyvisitedplacesnotedfortheirscenicbeauty.AwalkingtouroftheSwissAlpsmadeintheCambridgelongvacationof1790heightenedWordsworth'sexhilaratedresponsetothegrandeurofnature.AmoreimportantinfluenceonhislifewastheFrenchRevolution,withwhichhisheartwasstirredandhisimaginationfired.Itseemedtohimanewdawnoffreedomwasbreakingontheworld.HecrossedtheChannelandlivedthroughthestormandstressoftheRevolutionforoverayear.LifeandCareerThenWilliamsettledatDoveCottageinGrasmere,Westmoreland,theloveliestspotintheEnglishLakeDistrict.ThepoetRobertSoutheyaswellasColeridgelivednearby,andthethreemenbecameknownasthe“LakePoets.”LakepoetsWordsworth,ColeridgeandSoutheywereknownasLakePoetsbecausetheylivedandknewoneanotherinthelastfewyearsofthe18thcenturyinthedistrictofthegreatlakesinNorthwesternEngland.TheformertwopublishedTheLyricalBalladstogetherin1798,whileallthreeofthemhadradicalinclinationsintheiryouthbutlaterturnedconservativeandreceivedpensionsandpoetlaureateshipsfromthearistocracy.LakePoetssympathizedwiththeFrenchRevolution,believingthatFrancewasEurope’schampionofliberty.Immersedintheirloveandworshipofnature,theLakePoetsalsobelievedinthespiritofreformthroughrevolution,whilemaintainingthattheunionofthesoulwithnaturewasofprimaryimportance.regainedinterestinworldlyevents,andtheirattitudesbecameincreasinglyconservative.loveoflibertywastransformedintonationalismastheybecameconvincedthatEngland’sconstitutionalmonarchyDoveCottageIn1797WordsworthmetSamuelTaylorColeridge,andthetwopoetsbecameverygoodfriends.TheycollaboratedonabookofpoemsentitledLyricalBallads,firstpublishedin1798.LyricalBalladsThisisthejointworkofWordsworthandColeridge.Coleridge’scontributiontothisworkwashismasterpieceTheRimeofAncientMariner.ThemajorityofpoemsinthiscollectionwerewrittenbyWordsworth,whosepoemsintheLyricalBalladsarecharacterizedbyasympathywiththepoor,simplepeasants,apassionateloveofnatureandthesimplicityandpurityofthelanguage.LyricalBalladsItspublicationmarkedthebreakwiththeconventionalpoeticaltraditionofthe18thcentury,i.e.withclassicism,andthebeginningoftheRomanticrevivalinEngland.InthePrefacetoit,Wordsworthsetforthhisprinciplesofpoetry:“allgoodpoetryisthespontaneousoverflowofpowerfulfeeling”.Heappealeddirectlytoindividualsensationsasthefoundationinthecreationandappreciationofpoetry.WordsworthwroteaPrefacetothesecondeditionoftheLyricalBallads,PrefaceisthemanifestoofEnglishRomanticism.Poetry,heasserted,originatesfromemotionrecollectedintranquillity.SpecialFeatures1)ApoetofnatureSensitivetoeverysubtlec