2020年江苏高考二轮专题限时集训(15)完形填空：议论文

专题限时集训(十五)完形填空夹叙夹议文＋议论文＋说明文(对应学生用书第145页)A【导学号：25874070】(2020·无锡高三一模)WhenIwasinmiddleschool，apoisonousspiderbitmyrighthand，Irantomymomfor__1__，butinsteadoftakingmetoadoctor，mymomsetmyhand__2__．Afterwrappingmyhandwithseverallayersofcotton，thensoakingitinwine，sheputachopstickintomymouth，andlitthecotton.Heatquicklywentthroughthecottonandbegantoroastmy__3__．Thesharppainmademewanttoscream，butthechopstick__4__it.AllIcoulddowaswatchmyhandburn—oneminute，thentwominutes—__5__momputoutthefire.Atthattimetherewasnodoctoravailablemymothercouldbringmetoseeaboutmyspiderbite.Forthosewhostudybiology，youmayhavegraspedthescience__6__mymom'scure:heatdeactivates(使不活跃)proteins，andaspider'svenom(毒液)is__7__aformofprotein.It's__8__howthatfolkremedyactuallyincludesbasicbiochemistry，isn'tit?ButIamaPhDstudentinbiochemistryatHarvard.Inowknowthatbetter，less__9__andlessriskytreatmentsexisted.SoIcan'thelpbutaskmyselfwhyIdidn't__10__oneatthattime.NowIamhappytoreportthatmyhandisfine.Butthisquestionremains，andIcontinuetobetroubledbytheunequal__11__ofscientificknowledgethroughouttheworld.Despitetheknowledgewehaveaccumulated，wehaven'tbeenso__12__indeploying(配置)ittowhereit'sneededmost.Weconstantlyseetheseproblemsofpoverty，illness，and__13__ofresourcespreventingtheflowofscientificinformation.Life­savingknowledgewetakeforgrantedinthemodernworldisoften__14__inunderdevelopedregions.WhilestudyingatHarvard，Isaw__15__scientificknowledgecanhelpothersinsimple，yetprofoundways.Thebirdfluinthe2000slookedtomyvillagelikeaspellcastbydevils.WhenIrealizedthatsimplehygiene(卫生)practiceslike__16__differentanimalspeciescouldcontainthespreadofthedisease，andthatIcouldhelpmakethisknowledgeavailabletomyvillage，thatwasmyfirst“Aha”momentasabuddingscientist.Harvarddaresustodreambig，toaspire(立志)tochangetheworld.HereonthisCommencementDay，weare__17__thinkingofgranddestinationsandbigadventuresthatawaitus.Asforme，Iamalsothinkingofthefarmersinmyvillage.Myexperiencehere__18__mehowimportantit'sforresearcherstocommunicateourknowledgetothose__19__．Becausebyusingthesciencewealreadyhave，wecanprobablybringmyvillageandthousandslikeitintotheworldyouandItake__20__everyday.Andthat'sanimpacteveryoneofuscanmake!【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者用他被蜘蛛咬伤的亲身经历说明了知识传播、科学知识的均衡分布的重要性。1．A.medicineB．helpC．adviceD．decisionB[结合上下文语境可知，在我上中学的时候，一只有毒的蜘蛛咬伤了我的右手，我跑去找母亲帮忙(help)。]2．A.inwaterB．onfireC．introubleD．onstrikeB[根据下文的“...litthecotton”“putoutthefire”可知，母亲没有带我去看医生，而是用火烧我的手。setsth.onfire“纵火焚烧某物”，符合语境。introuble“在困难中”；onstrike“在罢工”。]3．A.legB．chestC．handD．faceC[根据上文的“apoisonousspiderbitmyrighthand”和“wrappingmyhandwithseverallayersofcotton...”可知，这里指的是烘烤我的手(hand)。]4．A.preservedB．forbadeC．cancelledD．preventedD[剧烈的疼痛使我想叫出声来，但嘴里的筷子阻止(prevent)我这样做。preserve“保存，保护”；forbid“禁止”；cancel“取消”。]5．A.beforeB．untilC．whenD．whileB[根据语境可知，此处指直到(until)我母亲把我手上的火扑灭。]6．A.besideB．behindC．afterD．withinB[对于那些学生物学的人来说，你也许已经明白了我母亲的治疗方法背后的科学(原理)。表示“在……背后”要用介词behind。]7．A.accuratelyB．simplyC．constantlyD．continuouslyB[蜘蛛的毒液仅仅(simply)是一种蛋白质。accurately“准确地”；constantly“不断地，时常地”；continuously“连续不断地”。]8．A.coolB．rightC．absurdD．puzzlingA[根据语境可知，此处指这个偏方事实上包含着基本的生物化学知识，这是很好的(cool)。]9．A.powerfulB．stressfulC．painfulD．regretfulC[我现在知道了不那么痛(painful)、不那么危险的治疗方法的存在。powerful“强有力的”；stressful“有压力的”；regretful“遗憾的”。]10．A.acceptB．receiveC．adoptD．adaptB[我忍不住问我自己，为什么那个时候我不能接受(receive)这样的治疗呢？accept“承认，接受”；adopt“采取，收养”；adapt“使适应，改编”。]11．A.distributionB．donationC．allocationD．distractionA[此处表示科学知识在全球的分布(distribution)不均衡问题。donation“捐献”；allocation“分配，配置”；distraction“注意力分散”。]12．A.involvedB．absorbedC．successfulD．carefulC[虽然我们已经积累了很多知识，但是我们不能成功(successful)地将其应用到最需要它的地方。involved“与……有关联，卷入，复杂的”；absorbed“被……吸引住，全神贯注”；careful“仔细的”。]13．A.separationB．plentyC．absenceD．lackD[根据上文中的“theseproblemsofpoverty，illness”及下文中的“preventingtheflowofscientificinformation”可知，此处应是指资源的匮乏(lack)。separation“分离，分开”；plenty“许多”；absence“不存在，缺席”。]14．A.unavailableB．unwantedC．unexpectedD．unnecessaryA[救生知识在现代化的世界被我们认为是理所当然的，但通常在不发达地区却是难以获得的。unavailable“难以获得的，无法得到的”，符合语境。]15．A.whenB．whereC．howD．whyC[我知道了科学知识是如何(how)用简单又深刻的方式帮助其他人的。]16．A.dividingB．separatingC．splittingD．breakingB[当我意识到简单的卫生治疗方法，例如将不同种类的动物隔离(separate)开可以防止这种疾病的蔓延。divide“分开”；split“分裂”；break“破坏”。]17．A.skillfullyB．probablyC．preferablyD．relativelyB[我们可能的(probably)在想象远大目标和大冒险在等待我们。skillfully“有技术地”；preferably“最好是”；relatively“相当地，相对地”。]18．A.informsB．recallsC．remindsD．refersC[我的经历提醒(remind)我，对于研究者来说将知识传递给处于困境中的那些人是多么重要。]19．A.indangerB．inneedC．inorderD．inshapeB[参见上题解析。indanger“在危险中”；inorder“整齐，秩序井然，按顺序”；inshape“在外形上，处于良好状态”。]20．A.forgrantedB．forexampleC．intoconsiderationD．intopracticeA[此处表示我们每天都视为理所当然的世界，takesth.forgranted意为“认为某事理所当然，视某事为理所当然”，符合句意。takesth.forexample“以……为例”；takesth.intoconsideration“顾及，考虑到”。]B【导学号：25874071】(2020·南通、泰州高三一模)Doyouseetheglassashalf­fullratherthanhalf­empty?Suchclichés(陈词滥调)are__21__questions，asresearchersexaminewithgreatcarethepowerofpositivethinking.Researchisprovingthatoptimismcan__22__youtobehappier，healthierandmoresuccessful.Pessimismleads，__23__，tohopelessness，sicknessandfailure，andislinkedto__24__，lonelinessandpainfulshyness.Ifweco