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ThePastParticiple(3)astheAdverbialUnit3Grammar在前两个单元我们讲解了过去分词作什么成份呢?作定语和表语作宾语补足语1._______(污染的)airandwaterareharmfultopeople’shealth.2.Theproblem____________________(在会议上讨论的)yesterdaywasverydifficulttosolve.3.Hebecame______(兴奋)whenheheardhehadwonthefirstplaceinthecompetition.4.Iam_________(感兴趣)inthestory.5.Hisvoicewassolowthathecouldn’tmakehimself_____(听见).6.Mycomputerwasbroken,Imusthaveit________(修理).Polluteddiscussedatthemeetingexcited定语定语interestedheardrepaired表语表语宾补宾补1.Ilikereadingthenovels______(write)byZhangAiling.2.Thegirl______(write)aletterinthestudyismycousin.3.ThereissomethingwrongwithmycarandIhavetogetit_______(repair).writtenwritingrepairedFillintheblanks.4.Iwantthedoorsofmynewhouse______(paint)white.5.Thestorywasso______(move)thathewas______(move)totears.paintedmovingmoved本单元我们将继续学习过去分词作状语1.Followingtheoldman,wewentupstairs.()(跟着那个老人,我们上了楼。)2.Followedbytheoldman,wewentupstairs.()(我们上了楼,后面跟着那个老人。)Compare_____followed_________________followed_____WetheoldmanWewerebytheoldman3.从上面看,体育场好像一个鸟巢。____fromthetop,thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest.A.SeeingB.Seen4.从太空看,宇航员看不到长城。____fromspace,theastronautcannotdiscovertheGreatWall.A.SeeingB.Seen5.__________________________(从山顶上看),wefindthecitylookslikeabiggarden.(see)6.________________________(从山顶上看),thecitylookslikeabiggarden.(see)SeeingfromthetopofthehillSeenfromthetopofthehillSee的逻辑主语we,与see之间是主动关系See的逻辑主语,thecity与see之间是被动关系Summary1主语分词作状语时,分词的逻辑主语是主句的_________。逻辑主语与分词之间是_______关系-ing分词:逻辑主语与分词之间是_______关系-ed分词:主动被动__________________________(从山顶上看),wefindthecitylookslikeabiggarden.(see)________________________(从山顶上看),thecitylookslikeabiggarden.(see)SeeingfromthetopofthehillSeenfromthetopofthehill-ed分词作状语,表时间-ing分词作状语,表时间=Whenweseefromthetopofthehill,wefindthecitylookslikeabiggarden.=Whenthecityisseenfromthetopofthehill,thecitylookslikeabiggarden.-ed分词做状语可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随等意义。这种-ed分词状语相当于一个时间、原因、条件、让步等状语从句。-ed分词(短语)作状语时，也可在其前面加上连词when,if,once,though,unless等，以便明确作何种状语。Summary2Whenitisseenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.Seenfromthehill…时间状语可在过去分词前加上连词when,while,until等。Don’tspeakuntilyouarespokento.Don’tspeakuntilspokento.1.时间状语2.原因状语Becausetheboywasgreatlytouchedbyhisteacher’swords,hedidalotofthingstohelphisclassmates.Greatlytouchedbytheteacher’swords…Ashewassurprisedatwhathappened,Tomdidn’tknowwhattodo.Surprisedatwhathappened…3.条件状语Ifweweregivenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.Givenmoretime…Ifitisheatedtoahightemperature,waterwillchangeintovapor.Heatedtoahightemperature…4.让步状语Thoughtheyhadbeenwarnedofthestorm,thefarmerswerestillworkinginthefields.Thoughwarnedofthestorm…EvenifI’minvited,Iwon’ttakepartintheparty.Evenifinvited…5.方式、伴随状语Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,andhewasfollowedbyagroupofstudents.Theteacherenteredtheclassroomfollowedbyagroupofstudents.Theteacherstoodthereandwassurroundedbythestudents.Theteacherstoodthere,surroundedbythestudents.Findoutsentenceswiththesamemeaningfromthetext.1.AsIwasworriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.2.BecauseIwashitbythelackoffreshair,myheadached.Hitbythelackoffreshair,myheadached.3.AsIwasexhausted,Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.Exhausted,Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.1.Since/Asshewasgivenadvicebythefamousdetective,theyoungladywasnolongerafraid.Practice:ChangethefollowingclausesintoPastParticiples.Givenadvicebythefamousdetective,theyoungladywasnolongerafraid.2.Becauseitwasdoneinahurry,hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.3.Whenitisheated,icewillbechangedintowater.Doneinahurry,hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.Whenheated,icewillbechangedintowater.Thehunterlefthishouse,followedbyhisdog.4.Thehunterlefthishouse,andhewasfollowedbyhisdog.1.___________________(被她的话感动了),hedecidedtohelpthepoorboy.(move)Movedbyherwords-ed分词作状语,表原因2.___________________(再给他一次机会),hewilldobetter.(give)Givenanotherchance-ed分词作状语,表条件3._________________________________(尽管被许多人嘲笑),hecontinuedhisstudy.(laugh)(Although)Laughedatbymanypeople-ed分词作状语,表让步4.Theteacherstoodthere____________________________(被许多学生包围着).(surround)surroundedbymanystudents-ed分词作状语,表伴随或方式=__________________________,theteacherstoodthere(被许多学生包围着).(surround)SurroundedbymanystudentsHavingfinishedhishomework,hewenthome.Havingbeendestroyedbythelargestorm,thebeautifulvillagenolongerexisted.=_________(摧毁)bythelargestorm,thebeautifulvillagenolongerexisted.Destroyed表原因表动作先于谓语动作发生过去分词(done)与现在分词的完成被动式(havingbeendone)都表示的是一种完成的被动，有时可互换。现在分词的完成被动式作状语，一般表原因或时间，且强调分词动作先于主句动作，而过去分词则不一定。Summary3•__________________________(在国外学习)foralongtime,hecamebacktomakeacontributiontoChina.(study)•___________________(被打败了)manytimes，hedoesn’tloseheart.(defeat)•________________________________(教导)byhisteacher,hehasmadegreatprogess.(instruct)HavingstudiedabroadHavingbeendefeatedInstructed/Havingbeeninstructed有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表示状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：belost/absorbedin;beaddictedto;beseatedon;befacedwith;belocatedin;besatisfiedwith;beinterestedin;beconcernedabout;bebasedon;beworriedabout;等。Summary4__________(面临)difficulties,wemusttrytoovercomethem.(face)______