培优完形填空专题

英语完形填空解题方法与技巧May4,2015FreetalkWhatdoyouthinkofcloze(完形填空）?Isiteasyorhardforyou?完形填空题考什么？1、词法及词义辨析2、固定短语搭配3、上下文逻辑关系4、文化背景及生活常识完形填空题型分析解读“完形填空”命题与备考1.完形填空题立足语篇，要求学生从全文的整体角度去分析、归纳、猜测，考查学生的思维能力。2.注重短语、句型、习惯用语、动词时态、语态的构成、名词、代词、形容词、副词、介词等语义辨析和语义理解能力的考查。完形填空解题指导1.通览全文，了解大意。答题时，应先细读首句，越过空挡通读全文，整体理解大意，找出信息词。2.综合考虑，先易后难。通读全文后，可以根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，分析这一空格处在句中的位置、前后的关系和它所起的作用，确定最佳答案；第一遍做出三分之一，先确定有把握的答案。第二遍逐个解决时，注意后线索的现象。3.复读检验，消除疏漏。答案不仅要在原句中合理，在全文中也要合理。看看这时的短文行文是否流畅、意义是否连贯、逻辑关系是否合理。解题技巧1.利用话题再现解题Amanisdrivingalongthe.Theroadleadstohishome.A.roadB.streetC.countrysideD.river√2.利用词义辨析解题GrowingupinAustralia,Iwantedapenfriend.Iwas13,hadjuststartedmiddleschoolandneededsomeonetotalkto.SoIwentallofthepenfriendwebsitesIcouldfindontheInternet.A.throughB.awayC.roundD.on√Itwasanearlymorninginsummer.Inthestreet,thesleepy-eyedweremovingquickly,headingtowardstheir.A.jobsB.homeC.restaurantsD.offices3.利用常识背景法解题√４.利用上下文语义联系解题Itwasacoldwinterafternoon.Robertstoppedforamomentashecrossedthebridgeandlookeddownattheriverbelow.Therewerehardlyanyontheriver,nearthebridge.However,almostdirectlybelow,wasasmallcanoe(独木舟）,withaboyinit.A.fishB.boatsC.leavesD.sounds√Idohopeallofuswillrememberthatmaybeoneday,itwouldhappentooneofus,____pleasedonotpassbyapoorpersonwithoutofferingatleastawordofloveandakindsmileoranactofkindnessA.butB.orC.andD.so√5.利用逻辑分析法解题６.利用过渡词解题ThestudentsintheUSAonlyhavean-hour-longbreak,sothey_____eatlunchquickly.A.needtoB.can’tC.mustn’tD.areableto√Haveatry!1.LikemostJulydays,itwashot.Isteppedintoatinyice-creamshopto___withachocolateice-cream.A.warmupB.cooloffC.freezemyselfD.enjoymyself2.It’snotdifficulttosay“Thankyou”.YearsagoIgaveaspeechcalled“Powerful___forpositivepeople,“Theseareverysimplebutpowerfulsentencesthatweallliketohear.A.feelingsB.bodiesC.headsD.sentences3.Theofficersthenbegantoeattheirmeal,sayingthatthemushroomshadaverystrange___quitepleasanttaste.A.besidesB.butC.andD.orBDB利用话题再现解题利用词义辨析解题逻辑分析法解题完形填空的解题步骤1.跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意；2.结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案；3.瞻前顾后，先易后难，个个击破；4.再读全文，反复检查，适当调整。精讲例文Growingupisnotalwayseasy.Whenfacingdifficulties,courageandaspiritofindependence(独立)canbemoreusefulthancryingforhelp.That’swhatthestoryI’veheardrecently.Theyoungmanwasbornin1982ina１familyinasmalltown.Whenhewasonly11,hisfatherbecamementallyillandonedaycamebackwithanabandoned(被遗弃的)babygirl.1.A.richB.happyC.poorD.unhappy√Ayearlater,his2lefthomewithhisyoungerbrotherbecauseshecouldn’t3hardlifeandpressurefromhermadhusband.The12-year-oldboybeganto4hiswholefamily.2.A.fatherB.motherC.sisterD.brother3.A.understandB.standC.believeD.mislead4.A.supportB.organizeC.hateD.like√√√hetookcareofnotonlyhissickfather,butalsothelittlegirl.5,hedidn’tgiveupstudying.Laterhewenttocollege.Tocareforthelittlegirlherentedaroomnearhiscollegeand6hereducationbydoingpart-timejobs.5.A.AttimesB.ForthefirsttimeC.AtthesametimeD.atatime6.A.plannedB.affordedC.endedD.started√√Aftertheyoungman’sstorywentpublic,peopleweredeeplyimpressedbyhisbehavior.7hislifewashard,hedidn’tabandonhisfatherandhissisterbecause8neededhishelpverymuch.7.A.SinceB.UnlessC.AlthoughD.If8.A.theyB.heC.sheD.it√√Andhe9donationsfromothers.Hesaidhefelt10becauseofkindoffers,buthecoulddependonhisownwork.Withhishard-won-money,he11aidedotherstudentsintrouble.9.A.receivedB.expectedC.refusedD.accepted10.A.sorryB.embarrassedC.encouragedD.glad11.A.evenB.hardlyC.stillD.ever√√√Todaywhenmanyyoungpeopleworrymoreabouttheirownhappiness,thisyoungman’sbehaviorremindsusofwhatwedon’tusually12，loveandcareforothers.Nobodycouldcontinuetolive13these.Throughhishardlife,theyoungmanisregardedasa14inpeople’seyes.Sowhenfacingdifficulties,don’t15badluck.Considerwhatmoreyoucoulddoforyourfamilyandsociety,andyou’llfindtheworldsmilingback.12.A.getusedtoB.lookforwardtoC.payattentiontoD.usedto13.A.withB.withoutC.byD.in14.A.foolB.volunteerC.heroD.winner15.A.knockintoB.dreamaboutC.complainaboutD.knockdown.√√√√Practicemakesperfect!要充分利用首句的标示作用第一句往往是全篇的关键句，首句一般不设空，它有概括和预示全文大意的作用，是判断文章体裁并预测全文主旨、大意的突破口，常含有解题和理解文章的有用信息。（when,where,who,what,how…)要注意尾句的提示和总结作用1.故事的结局2.问题的结论3.幽默或富有哲理的结尾留意文章中有中文注释的词有注释的词往往对理解短文和解题有帮助。Step1抓住首尾，了解短文完形填空。共205词推荐做题时间10分钟XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastoomanyactivities．Hisfather1himawayfromschoolfourafternoonsaweekanddriveshimacrosstowntopractice．“Idomostofmy2inthecarwhenweare3topractice，andIhavetodotherestwhenIgethome．Iamtootried,Ijustwanttosleep.”Hesaid.“Moreandmorekidsbecomeunhappy4theyhavetoomanyactivitiestodo.”saidMr.Wang，anexpert(专家)ofchilddevelopment．“4l％ofthechildrenaged9-13saidtheyfelt5mostofthetime，andmorethan75％0fthemsaidthattheywishedtheyhadmore6toplay.”“Over-scheduling(过量的课程安排)isagrowingproblemforChinesefamilies.”saidMr.Wang．Itisnotgoodforbothkidsandtheirparents.Morefamilieseatdinner7orofteneatfastfood8theirwaytofootballpracticeormusiclessons.Weallknowitisimportantforkidstolearnhowtorelax.Iftheydon’tlearnthatnow,itwillbemoredifficulttolearnwhentheyget9.Kidsneedtimetorelax.Parentsshould10aboutwhatisrightforkids.可以推测：这篇文章是介绍青少年日常生活中过重课程安排，占用了孩子们大量的课余时间，成了影响他们健康成长的社会问题，首句：XiaoQiang，al2-year-oldChineseboy，hastooma