汽车英语-第二章-1

SpecializedEnglishforAutomobileUnit2-1MainComponentsofEngineContentsⅠ．Pre-questionsII.TextExplanationIII.ExercisesI.Pre-questionsTheheartofautomobileWhatimpressionoftheengine?complicatedpowerI.Pre-questionsWhataretheretypesoftheengine?electricmotors,steamengines,andinternalcombustionenginesWhat’stheinternalcombustionengine?burnsfuelwithinthecylindersandconvertstheexpandingforceofthecombustionintorotaryforceusedtopropelthevehicle.I.Pre-questionsSingle-cylinderenginecylinderpistonPistonpinConnectingrodcrankshaftOilpipeIntakevalveExhaustvalveTiminggearOilpumpwhatisthepowersourceofautomobileandhowtoproduce?pistonpistonpinconnectingrodcrankshaftEnginePowerisproducedbythelinearmotionofapistoninacylinder.Theconnectingrodtransmitstheup-and-downmotionofthepistontothecrankshaft,whichchangesitintorotarymotion.I.Pre-questionsTheenginecomprisestwomechanismandfivesystems,whatarethey?crankshaftandconnectingrodmechanism,valvegear,coolingsystem,lubricatingsystem,fuelsystem,startingsystem,ignitionsystemI.Pre-questionsconnectingrodflywheelcrankshaftpistonintakevalveexhaustvalvepushrodtappettiminggears■Valvegear■ConnectingrodEnginecoolingsystemEnginelubricatingsystemFuelsupplysystemValvegearWhat’sthefunctionofthecrankshaftandconnectingrodmechanism?Itsfunctionistoconvertheatenergyintomechanicalenergyusedtodrivethevehicles.I.Pre-questionsTheinternalcombustionengine,asitsnameindicates,burnsfuelwithinthecylindersandconvertstheexpandingforceofthecombustionintorotaryforceusedtopropelthevehicle.译文：内燃机，顾名思义，就是燃料在气缸内部燃烧，并且把燃烧时的膨胀力转化为驱动车辆的旋转力。II.TextExplanationOfallautomobilecomponents,anautomobileengineisthemostcomplicatedassemblywithdominanteffectsonthefunctionofanautomobile.complicated[kmplikeitid]adj.复杂的,难解的dominance[dmnns]n.优势,统治译文：汽车发动机是一切汽车部件中结构最复杂，对汽车功能起支配作用的一个总成。II.TextExplanationItsfunctionistoconvertheatenergyintomechanicalenergyusedtodrivethevehicles.Convert……into…..转变；变换译文：它的作用就是将热能转换成机械能用来驱动汽车。II.TextExplanationConvert…..into….①转变；变换Thatbuildinghasbeenconvertedintoaschool.那座楼房改成学校了。②兑换IwanttoconvertsomeHongKongdollarsintoAmericandollars.我想把一些港元换成美元。③改变信仰、党派或意见等Shemanagedtoconverthimtoheropinion.她终于设法说服了他接受她的意见。II.TextExplanationPowerisproducedbythelinearmotionofapistoninacylinder.linear[lini]adj.线的,直线的,线性的piston[pistn]n.活塞II.TextExplanationThepistonattachedtothetopofaconnectingrodbyapin,calledapistonpinorwristpin.attachtov.连接connectingrod连杆pistonpin=wristpin活塞销II.TextExplanationTheconnectingrodtransmitstheup-and-downmotionofthepistontothecrankshaft,whichchangesitintorotarymotion.transmit…to…把…传到…whichchangesitintorotarymotion定语从句II.TextExplanationdieselengineswaterpumptheignitiondistributoroilpantiminggearcrankshaftandconnectingrodmechanismvalvegearfuelsystemexhaustpipeexhaustmanifoldIII.Exercises•TranslatethefollowingexpressionsintoChinese.柴油发动机水泵分电器油底壳正时齿轮曲柄连杆机构配气机构燃油系统排气管排气歧管1-cylinderheadcover2-piston3-timingtoothedbelt4-waterpump5-oilpan6-oilpump7-crankshaft8-flywheel9-distributor10-valveIII.ExercisesThecrankshaftrepresentsthefinallinkintheconversionofreciprocatingmotionatthepistontooneofrotationattheflywheel.Inthecastofthemulti-cylinderengine,thecrankshafthastocontroltherelativemotionsofthepistons,whilereceivingtheirownimpulses.Aone-piececonstructionismostcommonlyusedforthemotor-vehiclecrankshaft,whichextendsthewholelengthoftheengineandmustthereforepossessconsiderablerigidity.III.ExercisesThetiming-drivefortheenginevalvemechanismistakenfromthefrontendofthecrankshaftasisthepulleyandbeltdrivefortheengineauxiliaries,suchasthecoolingfanandthealternatorforelectricalsystem.attachedtotherearendofthecrankshaftistheengineflywheel.III.ExercisesI.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.1．Engineisthepowersourceoftheautomobile.Powerisproducedbythelinearmotionofapistoninacylinder.发动机是汽车的动力源.它通过汽缸内的活塞线性运动产生的.2．Thefuelsystemworksaccordingtotherequirementsoftheengineasitprovidesanair-fuelmixturewhichmustbeinproportiontothespeedandloadplacedontheengine.燃油系统的作用是根据发动机的转速和负荷提供一定比例的可燃混合气以满足发动机的需求。III.Exercises3．Thevalvegearprovidestimelyadmissionofthefreshchargeintothecylindersandexhaustofspentgasesfromthem.配气机构机构可定时的将新鲜气体充入气缸，并且将废气排放出去。III.Exercises1．发动机主要有两大机构五大系统组成。Anengineismainlycomposedoftwomechanismsandfivesystems.2．曲柄连杆机构主要包括机体组，活塞连杆组和曲轴飞轮组。Thecrankshaftandconnectingrodmechanismmainlyconsistsoftheenginecrankcaseandcylinderblock,thepistonandconnectingrod,thecrankshaftandflywheel.III.ExercisesII.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.3．水泵工作时，可以将冷却液在发动机水套中和散热器之间来回流动。Whenrevolving,thewaterpumpcirculatescoolantbetweentheenginewaterjacketsandtheradiator.III.ExercisesIII.ExercisesPrincipleofFour-strokeEngine1、intakestroke2、compressstroke3、powerstroke4、exhauststrokeIntakevalveExhaustvalveSpecializedEnglishforAutomobile