GCMS基础理论

Slidetitle:Font:MyriadorArial,36ptSubtitle(Author):Font:MyriadorArial,18ptFontsize:Sizescanbeadjusteddependingonthetextlength.Charactersshouldnotbeoverlappedonglobalstrings.GCMS基础知识Headlineforslide:Incaseofone-line:MyriadorArial32ptIncaseoftwo-lines:MyriadorArial28ptSubhead:MyriadorArial28ptText:MyriadorArial20ptFontsize:Sizescanbeadjusteddependingonthetextlength.CharactersshouldnotbeoverlappedonglobalstringsGCMS的基本流路图GC接口MS数据处理真空系统Headlineforslide:Incaseofone-line:MyriadorArial32ptIncaseoftwo-lines:MyriadorArial28ptSubhead:MyriadorArial28ptText:MyriadorArial20ptFontsize:Sizescanbeadjusteddependingonthetextlength.Charactersshouldnotbeoverlappedonglobalstrings气相色谱仪的流动相----载气高纯氦气（纯度99.999%以上）Headlineforslide:Incaseofone-line:MyriadorArial32ptIncaseoftwo-lines:MyriadorArial28ptSubhead:MyriadorArial28ptText:MyriadorArial20ptFontsize:Sizescanbeadjusteddependingonthetextlength.CharactersshouldnotbeoverlappedonglobalstringsMS流程图样品进样系统离子源真空系统质量分析器检测器数据处理GC进样直接进样Headlineforslide:Incaseofone-line:MyriadorArial32ptIncaseoftwo-lines:MyriadorArial28ptSubhead:MyriadorArial28ptText:MyriadorArial20ptFontsize:Sizescanbeadjusteddependingonthetextlength.Charactersshouldnotbeoverlappedonglobalstrings为什麽MS需要高真空提供足够的平均自由程提供无碰撞的离子轨道减少离子-分子反应减少背景干扰延长灯丝寿命消除放电增加灵敏度Headlineforslide:Incaseofone-line:MyriadorArial32ptIncaseoftwo-lines:MyriadorArial28ptSubhead:MyriadorArial28ptText:MyriadorArial20ptFontsize:Sizescanbeadjusteddependingonthetextlength.Charactersshouldnotbeoverlappedonglobalstrings真空系统确保离子由离子源转移至检测器++ionair,wateretc.高真空低真空为什麽MS需要高真空Headlineforslide:Incaseofone-line:MyriadorArial32ptIncaseoftwo-lines:MyriadorArial28ptSubhead:MyriadorArial28ptText:MyriadorArial20ptFontsize:Sizescanbeadjusteddependingonthetextlength.Charactersshouldnotbeoverlappedonglobalstrings压力10-3-10-4Pa(平均自由路径5m-50m)排气系统IonsourceLenssystemRodsystemDetector主泵副泵Headlineforslide:Incaseofone-line:MyriadorArial32ptIncaseoftwo-lines:MyriadorArial28ptSubhead:MyriadorArial28ptText:MyriadorArial20ptFontsize:Sizescanbeadjusteddependingonthetextlength.Charactersshouldnotbeoverlappedonglobalstrings真空泵(主泵)涡轮分子泵（Turbomolecularpump）•旋转叶片使气体分子向下移动并由出口排出•干净真空•启动和关机时间短•价格昂贵Headlineforslide:Incaseofone-line:MyriadorArial32ptIncaseoftwo-lines:MyriadorArial28ptSubhead:MyriadorArial28ptText:MyriadorArial20ptFontsize:Sizescanbeadjusteddependingonthetextlength.Charactersshouldnotbeoverlappedonglobalstrings单泵排气系统和差动排气系统差动排气系统更有利于高流量分析单泵排气系统差动排气系统高真空Headlineforslide:Incaseofone-line:MyriadorArial32ptIncaseoftwo-lines:MyriadorArial28ptSubhead:MyriadorArial28ptText:MyriadorArial20ptFontsize:Sizescanbeadjusteddependingonthetextlength.CharactersshouldnotbeoverlappedonglobalstringsInterface:GC和MS的连接部件接口色谱柱MS高真空使用石墨垫圈密封（85%Vespel+15%石墨）加热块接口Headlineforslide:Incaseofone-line:MyriadorArial32ptIncaseoftwo-lines:MyriadorArial28ptSubhead:MyriadorArial28ptText:MyriadorArial20ptFontsize:Sizescanbeadjusteddependingonthetextlength.CharactersshouldnotbeoverlappedonglobalstringsMS的分类磁质谱四极杆质谱飞行时间质谱(TOF)离子肼质谱Headlineforslide:Incaseofone-line:MyriadorArial32ptIncaseoftwo-lines:MyriadorArial28ptSubhead:MyriadorArial28ptText:MyriadorArial20ptFontsize:Sizescanbeadjusteddependingonthetextlength.Charactersshouldnotbeoverlappedonglobalstrings四极杆质量分析器Headlineforslide:Incaseofone-line:MyriadorArial32ptIncaseoftwo-lines:MyriadorArial28ptSubhead:MyriadorArial28ptText:MyriadorArial20ptFontsize:Sizescanbeadjusteddependingonthetextlength.Charactersshouldnotbeoverlappedonglobalstringsm1+m2+m3+m1+m1/z=kV1m2/z=kV2m3/z=KV3m2+m3+Ｖ1Ｖ1m/z＝ｋ・Vm：massnumberz：charge(=1inGCMS)k：constantV:voltageappliedtoQP四极杆质量分析器Headlineforslide:Incaseofone-line:MyriadorArial32ptIncaseoftwo-lines:MyriadorArial28ptSubhead:MyriadorArial28ptText:MyriadorArial20ptFontsize:Sizescanbeadjusteddependingonthetextlength.CharactersshouldnotbeoverlappedonglobalstringsQP/MS的结构离子源透镜四极杆检测器气质联用使用的电离技术电子轰击电离（EI）正化学电离（PCI）负化学电离（NCI）Headlineforslide:Incaseofone-line:MyriadorArial32ptIncaseoftwo-lines:MyriadorArial28ptSubhead:MyriadorArial28ptText:MyriadorArial20ptFontsize:Sizescanbeadjusteddependingonthetextlength.Charactersshouldnotbeoverlappedonglobalstrings电子轰击电离（EI）e-e-e-e-e-样品分子灯丝++++碎片离子QP电子轰击电离（EI）热电子（70eV）轰击分子，使其电离丰富的碎片离子=丰富的结构信息“指纹”俵e-¯Mm1m3m2EIspectrum硬酯酸甲酯M.W.298Headlineforslide:Incaseofone-line:MyriadorArial32ptIncaseoftwo-lines:MyriadorArial28ptSubhead:MyriadorArial28ptText:MyriadorArial20ptFontsize:Sizescanbeadjusteddependingonthetextlength.Charactersshouldnotbeoverlappedonglobalstrings反应气灯丝e-e-e-e-e-QPCH4CH5+C2H5+样品分子H+-CH4[M+1]-C2H4正化学电离（PCI）正化学电离（PCI）首先电离反应气分子—》样品分子主要由质子转移电离容易产生准分子离子—》用于确定分子量+CH4e¯MC2H5MH+C2H4PCIspectrum硬酯酸甲酯M.W.298Headlineforslide:Incaseofone-line:MyriadorArial32ptIncaseoftwo-lines:MyriadorArial28ptSubhead:MyriadorArial28ptText:MyriadorArial20ptFontsize:Sizescanbeadjusteddependingonthetextlength.CharactersshouldnotbeoverlappedonglobalstringsEI和PCI的比较EI模式PCI模式碎片分子量Headlineforslide:Incaseofone-line:MyriadorArial32ptIncaseoftwo-lines:MyriadorArial28ptSubhead:MyriadorArial28ptText:MyriadorArial20ptFontsize:Siz