搜索
1湖南文理学院课程设计报告课程名称：多功能数字电子钟学院：电气与信息工程学院专业班级：通信工程07102班学生姓名：李贝贝指导教师：李建英完成时间：2009年6月24日报告成绩：评阅意见：评阅教师日期23目录摘要......................................................................................4Abstract........................................................................5第一章设计要求...........................................................................6第二章数字电子钟总体方案分析.............................................................62.1电子钟的重要性.....................................................................62.2电子钟的基本设计思想.............................................................72．3数字电子钟的方案分析..............................................................72.3.1基于分立元件的数字电子钟...................................................72.3.2基于EDA技术的数字电子钟.....................................................72.3.3基于单片机编程的数字电子钟................................................72．4三种方案的比较....................................................................8第三章多功能数字电子钟单元电路设计...................................................83.1数字钟的构成.......................................................................83.2晶体振荡电路.......................................................................93.3时间计数电路......................................................................113.3.1分、秒的计时电路..............................................................113.3.2时的计时电路.................................................................123.4译码显示电路..............................................................133.5校时电路...................................................................14第四章数字电子钟的整体设计及原理说明...........................................154.1单元电路的级联................................................................164.2整体电路图.....................................................................164.3原理说明..........................................................................16第五章数字电子钟的仿真.............................................................165.1秒电路的仿真...................................................................175.2秒、分电路的仿真................................................................175.3秒、分、时电路的仿真.............................................................18第六章数字电子钟实物的焊接.....................................................18第七章总结.............................................................................19第八章元件明细列表......................................................................20参考文献.................................................................................21致谢.....................................................................................22附录A数字电子钟全电路图...............................................................23附录B数字电子钟实物板..................................................................244摘要数字电子钟的应用十分广泛，给人们的生活、学习、工作、娱乐带来极大的方便，已成为人们日常生活中必不可少的必需品，广泛用于个人家庭以及办公室等公共场所。由于数字集成电路技术的发展采用了先进的石英晶体振荡技术，采用相应进制的计数器，转化为二进制数，经过译码和显示电路准确地将“时”“分”“秒”用数字的方式显示出来，与传统的机械钟相比，它具有走时准确、性能稳定、携带方便，显示直观，无机械转动，无需人的经常调整等优点。因此也被广泛用于电子表、车站、码头、广场等公共场所的大型远距离时间显示电子钟。尽管目前市场上已有现成的数字钟集成电路芯片出售，价格便宜、使用也方便，但鉴于数字钟电路的基本组成包含了数字电路的主要组成部分，因此进行数字钟的设计是必要的。本次课程设计包括四个部分：晶振产生电路、时分秒的计数和进位、数码显示、校时电路。同时运用Protel99SE软件绘制了单元电路以及总体电路图；借助Multisim2001仿真软件对单元电路以及总体电路进行了仿真虚拟实验，并通过万能板实物的制作圆满的实现了数字电子钟的显示及校时功能。【关键词】晶振；计数（74LS160）;显示；LED;校时5AbstractTheapplicationofdigitalelectronicclockisverywidespread.Ithasmadeagreatdealofconveniencetopeople'slife,study,workandentertainmentandhasbecomeessentialdailynecessitybeingwidelyusedinindividualfamilyaswellastheofficeandsoonpublicplace.Asaresultofthedevelopmentofdigitalintegratedcircuittechnologyusingadvancedquartzcrystaloscillatortechnology,usingthecorrespondingcounter-band,ittransformsforthebinarynumber,undergoesthedecodingandthedisplaycircuitaccuratelyofhour,minutesecondwiththewayfiguresdisplayed.Comparedtotraditionalmechanicalbell,ithastheexactpath,stableperformance,easycarry,direct-viewingdisplay,non-mechanicalrotationandnoperson’sfrequentadjustment.Andthereforeitisalsowidelyusedinelectronicwatches,stations,terminals,squaresandotherpublicplacesofthetimedisplayedbythelarge-scalelong-rangeelectronicclock.Althoughtherearemanyready-madeintegratedcircuitchipsofdigitalclockforsaleonthecurrentmarket,cheapandeasyuse,butinviewofthefactthatthedigitalclockelectriccircuit'sbasiccompositionhascontaineddigitalcircuit'skeycomponent.Thereforecarryingonthedigitalclock'sdesignisnecessary.Thiscurriculumdesignincludesfourparts:thecrystaloscillatorcircuit；hour，minuteandsecond’scountingandcarrying；digitaldisplayandtimingcircuit.MeanwhilesoftwarehasdrawnuptheunitelectriccircuitaswellastheoverallcircuitdiagramusingProtel99SEandMultisim2001withcircuitsimulationsoftwareontheunitaswellastheoverallcircuitsimulationvirtualexperiment.Byjointingthecomponentontheuniversalsurfaceplatehascompletelyfinishedthedigitalelectronicclock'sdisplayandthetimingfunction.Keywords:crystaloscillator;counter(74LS160);displaycircuit;LED;timingcircuit6第一章数字电子钟设计要求1.1设计指标1、时间以24小时为一个周期；2、显示时、分、秒；3、具有校时功能，可以分别对时及分进行单独校时，使其校正到标准时间；4、为了保证计时的稳定及准确须由晶体振荡器提供时间基准信号。1.2设计要求1、画出电路原理图（或仿真