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Module5Unit4GrammarInversion语法精解1.倒装Inversions英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前,谓语在后。把谓语放在主语之前叫倒装结构。全部谓语放在主语之前叫全部倒装;只把助动词或be动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装。基本语序naturalordersubject主+predicate谓+object宾IloveEnglish.predicate+subject助动词auxiliary/情态动词modalverb+subject+v+…完全倒装fullinversion部分倒装partialinversionHerecametheheadmaster.NervewillIforgiveyou.全部倒装1.用于therebe句型。Therearemanystudentsintheclassroom.主语位于谓语arethere之后原句自然顺序是：Manystudentsarethereintheclassroom.1．There_______attheentrancetothevalley.A.didanoldpinetreestandB.stoodanoldpinetreeC.didstoodanoldpinetreeD.standanoldpinetree其中be可换为appear，enter，come，exist，happen，lie，live，remain，seem，stand等动词。Thereexistsomeseriousproblemsinthemanagementofthecompany.公司的管理上存在一些严重的问题。(2)由副词here，there，now，thus，then或in，out，away，up，off，down，back，over等开头的句子，谓语动词是be，come，follow，go，begin等，且主语是名词时。表示强调Therecomesthebell.Ourteachercomesinwithabookinhishand.铃声响了，我们的老师手里拿着一本书走了进来。Herecomesthebus.Theregoesthebell.Nowcomesourturn.Outwentthechildren.注意：代词作主语时,主谓语序不变。Hereitis.Inhecomes.Hereyouare.•2.Acrosstheriver___.A.liesanewbuiltbridgeB.liesanewlybuiltbridgeC.anewbuiltbridgeliesD.anewlybuiltbridgelies3.当句首状语是表示地点的介词词组时,也常引起全部倒装。Southofthecityliesabigsteelfactory.Fromthevalleycameafrighteningsound.Underthetreestandsalittleboy.划线的均是表示地点状语的介词词组,并且是位于句首。4.表语置于句首时,倒装结构采用“表语＋连系动词＋主语”的结构1)形容词＋连系动词＋主语PresentatthemeetingwereProfessorWhite,ProfessorSmithandmanyotherguests.2)过去分词＋连系动词＋主语Gonearethedayswhentheycoulddowhattheyliked.3)介词＋连系动词＋主语AmongthegoodsareChristmastrees,flowers,candlesandtoys.Growingalloverthemountainarewildflowers.漫山遍野长满了野花。5.为了保持句子结构平衡,或为了强调表语或状语,或为了使上下文结构紧凑。Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsatasmallboy.Insidethepyramidsaretheburialroomsforthekingsandqueensandlongpassagestotheserooms.强调状语保持句子结构平衡•3.____fromthetenthfloorwhenthepolicemanpointedhispistolathim.A.JumpeddowntheburglarB.DowntheburglarjumpedC.TheburglarjumpeddownD.Downjumpedtheburglar4．Seeingthepolicemancoming,away__A.theboysranB.rantheboysC.didtheboysrunD.theboysrun•5．“WhereisKate?”“Look,_____.Sheisattheschoolgate.”A.theresheisB.thereissheC.hereyouareD.hereitis•6．___arethedayswhenteacherswerelookeddownupon.A.GoneB.GoC.TogoD.Going1.用于疑问句DoyouspeakEnglish?2.用于省略if的虚拟条件句Hadyoureviewedyourlessons,youmighthavepassedtheexamination.由Ifyouhadreviewedyourlessons这样一个虚拟条件分句变过来的。部分倒装•7．_____computersnotbeenused，itwouldhavetakenthemalongtimetosolvetheproblem。•A．IfhaveB。Have•C。IfhadD。Had•Iftheboywereolder,hecouldgotoschool.•Weretheboyolder,hecouldgotoschool.•8.yourletter,Iwouldhavestartedofftwodaysago.•A.IfIreceived•B.ShouldIreceive•C.IfIcouldhavereceived•D.HadIreceived•IfIhadreceivedyourletter,…•9.Ifitrainnextweek,thefarmerscouldstillhaveagoodharvest.•A.should•B.could•C.would•D.mightShoulditrainnextweek,…•10．Ifthesun____tomorrow，whatwouldwedo？•A．wouldnotrise•B。shouldnotrise•C。hadnotrisen•D。doesnotrise•11．Ifmylawyer_____herelastSaturday,he____mefromgoing•A.hadbeen;wouldhaveprevented•B.hadbeen;wouldprevent•C.were;wouldprevent•D.were;wouldhaveprevented3.用于“形容词(或名词、动词)＋as(though)”引导的让步状语从句。Prettyassheis,sheisnotclever.Tryashewould,hemightfailagain.Moneyastheyhad,theydon’tknowhowtospendit.①Childassheis,sheknowsalot.→Thoughsheisachild,sheknowsalot.②Busyasheis,heinsistsonstudying.→Thoughheisbusy,he….③Tryashemight,Tomcouldnotgetoutofthedifficulties.→Thoughhemighttry,Tomcouldnotgetoutofthedifficulties.•④MuchasIlikethehouse,Ican’taffordtobuyit.•12．Late_________,shestillcontinuedherexperimentinthelab.A.AlthoughitwasB.asitwasC.aswasitD.itthoughwas4.用于nosoonerthan,hardlywhen和notuntil的句型中。Nosoonerhadshegoneoutthantheclassbegan.Notuntiltheteachercamedidhefinishhishomework.•13．Hardly___thestation____thebusarrived.A.Ihadreached;whenB.hadIreached;thenC.Ihadreached;thenD.hadIreached;when14.Notuntil___thework_____tobed.A.didhefinish;hewentB.hefinished;hewentC.hefinished;didhegoD.hefinished;hadhegone5.用于never,hardly,seldom,scarcely,little,atnotime,notonly,barely,rarely,little,notabit等否定词开头的句子里。NevershallIdothisagain.Atnotimecanyousay“no”totheorder.LittledoIdreamIwouldseeyouhere.①notonly...butalso...连接两个并列分句时，前一个分句采用部分倒装，后一个分句不倒装。Notonlyarethestudentsplantingtrees，but(also)theteacheris.不仅学生们在植树，老师也是。②notuntil...句型中前面的从句不倒装，后面的主句用部分倒装。NotuntilIreachedhomedidIfindthatIhadlostthewallet.直到回到家我才发现钱包丢了。③nosooner...than...，hardly...when...句型后面的从句不倒装，前面的主句采用部分倒装。HardlyhadTomgothomewhenthephonerang.汤姆刚到家，电话就响了。•15.Bynomeans___lookdownuponthepoor.A.weshouldB.shouldweC.oughtweD.weshall•16.Atnotime,neithertodaynorinthefuture,___lookdownuponeducation.A.willweneverB.wewillC.weshouldD.willwe•17．______seenhimbefore,_______tellyouhisname?A.NeverhaveI;howIcanB.Ihavenever;howIcanC.NeverhaveI;howcanID.Ineverhave;howcanI6.用于only开头的句子(only位于句首,修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句)OnlyinthiswaycanyoulearnEnglishwell.OnlywhenhetoldmedidIrealizewhattroublehewasin.【温馨提示】only修饰的状语如果不是句子，或者修饰状语但不位于句首时，主谓也不倒装。Onlyhisbrotherisright.只有他哥哥是对的。•18．_______succeedindoinganything.A.OnlybyworkinghardwecanB.ByonlyworkinghardwecanC.OnlywecanbyworkinghardD.Onlybyworkinghardcanwe•19.Onlyyesterday____howhappyalifeshehadbeenlivingwithTom.A.shereal